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Research Article

volume 43 issue 6 (december 2020) : 878-883,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-524

Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association

K
Khadraji Ahmed
M
Mohammed Bouhadi
G
Ghoulam Cherk
1Depatment of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, PO.Box 549, Gueliz, Marrakech, Morocco.

  • Submitted10-09-2019|

  • Accepted05-06-2020|

  • First Online 28-09-2020|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-524

Cite article:- Ahmed Khadraji, Bouhadi Mohammed, Cherk Ghoulam (2020). Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association. Legume Research. 43(6): 878-883. doi: 10.18805/LR-524.

ABSTRACT

Background: Growing chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants is affected by several environmental constraints   as osmotic stress and nutrients deficiency particularly phosphorus (P). For other legume species, it was confirmed that P deficiency affects negatively their rhizobial symbiosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of soil available P level on chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis under field conditions at Oualidia region of Morocco.
Methods: Ten farmers’ fields with different soil available P levels were considered to carry out this study based on samples of 10 plants per plot. 
Result: The results showed that the plants from soil 7, with the lowest pH and the highest available P level (23.52ppm), presented high shoot dry weight (38.3 g/plant). Meanwhile the soil 5 with the lowest available P content showed low plant growth. The shoot P content was positively linked to soil P level but nodule biomass showed an irregular variation with soil available P level. Furthermore, it was confirmed that adequate plant P nutrition results in high chickpea yield and it was the case for plants from soil 7 presenting a mean yield of 62 seeds per plant). Finally, strong correlation was noted between yield and phosphorus concentration in soil (r=0.94).

REFERENCES

  1. Achat, D.L., Pousse, N., Nicolas, M. et al. (2016). Soil properties controlling inorganic phosphorus availability: general results from a national forest network and a global compilation of the literature. Biogeochemistry. 127:255-272. 
  2. Bargaz, A, Faghire, M., Abdi, N., Farissi, M., Sifi, B., Drevon, J.J., Ikbal, M.C. and Ghoulam, C. (2012). Low soil phosphorus availability increases acid phosphatases activities and affects P partitioning in nodules, seeds and rhizosphere of Phaseolus vulgaris. Agriculture. 2: 139-53. 
  3. Barbouchi, M., Abdelfattah, R., Chokmani, K., Ben Aissa, N., Lhissou, R., El Harti, A. (2015). Soil Salinity Characterization using PolarimetricInSAR Coherence: Case Studies in Tunisia and Morocco. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. 8(8): 3823-3832.
  4. Chibbar, R.N., Ambigaipalan, P. and Hoover, R. (2010). Molecular diversity in pulse seed starch and complex carbohydrates and its role in human nutrition and health. Cereal Chemistry. 87: 342-352
  5. Daly, K., Styles, D., Lalor, S., Wall, D.P. (2015). Phosphorus sorption, supply potential and availability in soils with contrasting parent material and soil chemical properties. European Journal of Soil Science. 66:792-801. DOI:10.1111/ejss.12260.
  6. Das, S., Pareek, B.L., Kumawat, A. and Dhikwal, S.R. (2013). Effect of phosphorus and biofertilizers on productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in North Western Rajasthan, India. Legume Research. 36 (6): 511-514.
  7. FAOSTAT (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/; last accessed 15-10-2019.
  8. Ghanimi, R. (2014). Agro-physiological analysis of the rhizobia symbiosis reaction under phosphorus deficiency. INRA. 53: 42p.
  9. Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K. (2002). Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beet cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 47:39-50. Doi: 10.1016/S0098-8472(01)00109-5.
  10. Gupta, S.C., Brijesh K. Trivedia and Pooja Singh. (2018). Effect of diverse nutrient application on symbiotic traits, yield attributes, nutrient uptake, microbial population, dehydrogenase activity and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in black Soils. Legume Research. 4051:1-6. DOI: 10. 18805/LR-4051.
  11. Gyaneshwar, P., Kumar, G.N., Parekh, L.J., Poole, P.S. (2002). Role of soil microorganisms in improving P nutrition of plants. Plant Soil. 245: 83-93.
  12. Haling, R.E., Yang, Z., Shadwell, N. et al. (2016). Growth and root dry matter allocation by pasture legumes and a grass with contrasting external critical phosphorus requirements. Plant Soil. 407:67-79. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-016-2808-2.
  13. Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R., Ahmed, I. (2010). Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: a review. Annals of Microbiology. 60: 579-598.
  14. Hoch-Jensen, H., Schjoerring, J.K., Soussana, J.F. (2002). The influence of phosphorus deficiency on growth and nitrogen fixation of white clover plants. Annals of Botany. 90: 745-753.
  15. Iqbal, A., Khalil, I.A., Ateeq, N., et al. (2006). Nutritional quality of important food legumes. Food Chemistry. 97: 331-335.
  16. Jain, P.C., Kushawaha, P.S., Dhakal, U.S., Khan, H. and Trivedi, S.M., (1999). “Response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to phosphorus and biofertilizer,” Legume Research. 22:241-244.
  17. Joachim, S., Glena, T., Stephen, J.T., Heidrun, B., Carroll, P.V. (2006). Nitrogen Fixation by White Lupin under Phosphorus Deficiency. Annals of Botany. 98(4): 731-740. DOI:10. 1093/aob/mcl154.
  18. Jukanti, A.K., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L. and Chibbar, R.N. (2012). Nutritional quality and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). British Journal of Nutrition. 108: S11-S26. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114512000797.
  19. Khadraji, A., Ghoulam, C. (2016). Effect of drought on growth, physiological and biochemical processes of chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis. Legume Research. 40(1): 94-99. DOI: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.3771.
  20. Khadraji, A., Mouradi, M. and Ghoulam, C. (2017). Growth and Mineral Nutrition of the Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)-Rhizobia Symbiosis under Water Deficit. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 60:17-25. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4324-2017160325.
  21. Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Ahemad, M., Oves, M., Wani, P.A. (2010). Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing fungi-current perspective. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 56: 73-98. 
  22. Makoudi, B., Kabbadj, A., Mouradi, M., Amenc, L., Domergue, O., Blair, M., Drevon, J.J., Ghoulam, C. (2018). Phosphorus defciency increases nodule phytase activity of faba bean- rhizobia symbiosis. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 40(63): Doi: 10.1007/s11738-018-2619-6.
  23. Mezni, M., Albouchi, A., Bizid, E., Hamza, M. (2010). Minerals uptake, organic osmotica contents and water balance in alfalfa under salt stress. Journal of Phytopathology. 01-12.
  24. Murphy, J., Riley, J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta. 27: 31-36.
  25. Richardson, A.E. (2001). Prospects for using soil microorganisms to improve the acquisition of phosphorus by plants. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology. 28: 897-906.
  26. Richardson, A.E., Barea, J.M., McNeill, A.M., Prigent-Combaret, C. (2009a). Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms. Plant Soil. 321: 305-339.
  27. Siddiqui, H. (2007). Effect of phosphorus on growth and nodule formation of indigo plant under old hymalyan piedmont field condition. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production. 2(6): 21-24. 
  28. Singh, N., Singh, G. and Khanna, V. (2016). Growth of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) as influenced by phosphorus, Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 50: 567-572.
  29. Smith, J.L., Doran, J.W. (1997). Measurement and use of pH and Electrical Conductivity for Soil Quality Analysis. Soil Science Society of America. 10 DOI.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub49.c10.
  30. Sulieman, S.A. and Hago, T.E.M. (2009). The effects of phosphorus and farmyard manure on nodulation and growth attributes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Shambat soil under irrigation. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 5: 458-464. 
  31. Sulieman, S., Tran L.S. (2015). Phosphorus homeostasis in legume nodules as an adaptive strategy to phosphorus deficiency. Plant Science. 239: 36-43.
  32. Togay, Y., Togay, N. and Dogan, Y. (2008). Research on the effect of phosphorus and molybdenum applications on the yield and yield parameters in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). African Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 1256-1260.
  33. Trisha, L.P., Chibuike, C.U., Rotimi, E.A. (2010). Amino Acid Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pea Seed (Pisum sativum L.) Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate Fractions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58(8): 4712-4718.
  34. Weisany, W., Raei, Y. and Allahverdipoor, K.H. (2013). Role of Some of Mineral Nutrients in Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences. 2(4): 77-84.
  35. Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S., Ahemad, M., Oves, M. (2009). Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica. 56: 263-284. 
  36. Zarrin, F., Zia, M. and Chaudhary, M.F. (2007). Interactive effect of Rhizobium strains and p on soybean yield, nitrogen fixation and soil fertility. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 39(1): 255-264.
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    Research Article

    volume 43 issue 6 (december 2020) : 878-883,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-524

    Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association

    K
    Khadraji Ahmed
    M
    Mohammed Bouhadi
    G
    Ghoulam Cherk
    1Depatment of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, PO.Box 549, Gueliz, Marrakech, Morocco.

    • Submitted10-09-2019|

    • Accepted05-06-2020|

    • First Online 28-09-2020|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-524

    Cite article:- Ahmed Khadraji, Bouhadi Mohammed, Cherk Ghoulam (2020). Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association. Legume Research. 43(6): 878-883. doi: 10.18805/LR-524.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Growing chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants is affected by several environmental constraints   as osmotic stress and nutrients deficiency particularly phosphorus (P). For other legume species, it was confirmed that P deficiency affects negatively their rhizobial symbiosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of soil available P level on chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis under field conditions at Oualidia region of Morocco.
    Methods: Ten farmers’ fields with different soil available P levels were considered to carry out this study based on samples of 10 plants per plot. 
    Result: The results showed that the plants from soil 7, with the lowest pH and the highest available P level (23.52ppm), presented high shoot dry weight (38.3 g/plant). Meanwhile the soil 5 with the lowest available P content showed low plant growth. The shoot P content was positively linked to soil P level but nodule biomass showed an irregular variation with soil available P level. Furthermore, it was confirmed that adequate plant P nutrition results in high chickpea yield and it was the case for plants from soil 7 presenting a mean yield of 62 seeds per plant). Finally, strong correlation was noted between yield and phosphorus concentration in soil (r=0.94).

    REFERENCES

    1. Achat, D.L., Pousse, N., Nicolas, M. et al. (2016). Soil properties controlling inorganic phosphorus availability: general results from a national forest network and a global compilation of the literature. Biogeochemistry. 127:255-272. 
    2. Bargaz, A, Faghire, M., Abdi, N., Farissi, M., Sifi, B., Drevon, J.J., Ikbal, M.C. and Ghoulam, C. (2012). Low soil phosphorus availability increases acid phosphatases activities and affects P partitioning in nodules, seeds and rhizosphere of Phaseolus vulgaris. Agriculture. 2: 139-53. 
    3. Barbouchi, M., Abdelfattah, R., Chokmani, K., Ben Aissa, N., Lhissou, R., El Harti, A. (2015). Soil Salinity Characterization using PolarimetricInSAR Coherence: Case Studies in Tunisia and Morocco. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. 8(8): 3823-3832.
    4. Chibbar, R.N., Ambigaipalan, P. and Hoover, R. (2010). Molecular diversity in pulse seed starch and complex carbohydrates and its role in human nutrition and health. Cereal Chemistry. 87: 342-352
    5. Daly, K., Styles, D., Lalor, S., Wall, D.P. (2015). Phosphorus sorption, supply potential and availability in soils with contrasting parent material and soil chemical properties. European Journal of Soil Science. 66:792-801. DOI:10.1111/ejss.12260.
    6. Das, S., Pareek, B.L., Kumawat, A. and Dhikwal, S.R. (2013). Effect of phosphorus and biofertilizers on productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in North Western Rajasthan, India. Legume Research. 36 (6): 511-514.
    7. FAOSTAT (2017). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/; last accessed 15-10-2019.
    8. Ghanimi, R. (2014). Agro-physiological analysis of the rhizobia symbiosis reaction under phosphorus deficiency. INRA. 53: 42p.
    9. Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K. (2002). Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beet cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 47:39-50. Doi: 10.1016/S0098-8472(01)00109-5.
    10. Gupta, S.C., Brijesh K. Trivedia and Pooja Singh. (2018). Effect of diverse nutrient application on symbiotic traits, yield attributes, nutrient uptake, microbial population, dehydrogenase activity and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in black Soils. Legume Research. 4051:1-6. DOI: 10. 18805/LR-4051.
    11. Gyaneshwar, P., Kumar, G.N., Parekh, L.J., Poole, P.S. (2002). Role of soil microorganisms in improving P nutrition of plants. Plant Soil. 245: 83-93.
    12. Haling, R.E., Yang, Z., Shadwell, N. et al. (2016). Growth and root dry matter allocation by pasture legumes and a grass with contrasting external critical phosphorus requirements. Plant Soil. 407:67-79. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-016-2808-2.
    13. Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R., Ahmed, I. (2010). Soil beneficial bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion: a review. Annals of Microbiology. 60: 579-598.
    14. Hoch-Jensen, H., Schjoerring, J.K., Soussana, J.F. (2002). The influence of phosphorus deficiency on growth and nitrogen fixation of white clover plants. Annals of Botany. 90: 745-753.
    15. Iqbal, A., Khalil, I.A., Ateeq, N., et al. (2006). Nutritional quality of important food legumes. Food Chemistry. 97: 331-335.
    16. Jain, P.C., Kushawaha, P.S., Dhakal, U.S., Khan, H. and Trivedi, S.M., (1999). “Response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to phosphorus and biofertilizer,” Legume Research. 22:241-244.
    17. Joachim, S., Glena, T., Stephen, J.T., Heidrun, B., Carroll, P.V. (2006). Nitrogen Fixation by White Lupin under Phosphorus Deficiency. Annals of Botany. 98(4): 731-740. DOI:10. 1093/aob/mcl154.
    18. Jukanti, A.K., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L. and Chibbar, R.N. (2012). Nutritional quality and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). British Journal of Nutrition. 108: S11-S26. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114512000797.
    19. Khadraji, A., Ghoulam, C. (2016). Effect of drought on growth, physiological and biochemical processes of chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis. Legume Research. 40(1): 94-99. DOI: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.3771.
    20. Khadraji, A., Mouradi, M. and Ghoulam, C. (2017). Growth and Mineral Nutrition of the Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)-Rhizobia Symbiosis under Water Deficit. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 60:17-25. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4324-2017160325.
    21. Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Ahemad, M., Oves, M., Wani, P.A. (2010). Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing fungi-current perspective. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 56: 73-98. 
    22. Makoudi, B., Kabbadj, A., Mouradi, M., Amenc, L., Domergue, O., Blair, M., Drevon, J.J., Ghoulam, C. (2018). Phosphorus defciency increases nodule phytase activity of faba bean- rhizobia symbiosis. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 40(63): Doi: 10.1007/s11738-018-2619-6.
    23. Mezni, M., Albouchi, A., Bizid, E., Hamza, M. (2010). Minerals uptake, organic osmotica contents and water balance in alfalfa under salt stress. Journal of Phytopathology. 01-12.
    24. Murphy, J., Riley, J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta. 27: 31-36.
    25. Richardson, A.E. (2001). Prospects for using soil microorganisms to improve the acquisition of phosphorus by plants. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology. 28: 897-906.
    26. Richardson, A.E., Barea, J.M., McNeill, A.M., Prigent-Combaret, C. (2009a). Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms. Plant Soil. 321: 305-339.
    27. Siddiqui, H. (2007). Effect of phosphorus on growth and nodule formation of indigo plant under old hymalyan piedmont field condition. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production. 2(6): 21-24. 
    28. Singh, N., Singh, G. and Khanna, V. (2016). Growth of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) as influenced by phosphorus, Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 50: 567-572.
    29. Smith, J.L., Doran, J.W. (1997). Measurement and use of pH and Electrical Conductivity for Soil Quality Analysis. Soil Science Society of America. 10 DOI.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub49.c10.
    30. Sulieman, S.A. and Hago, T.E.M. (2009). The effects of phosphorus and farmyard manure on nodulation and growth attributes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Shambat soil under irrigation. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 5: 458-464. 
    31. Sulieman, S., Tran L.S. (2015). Phosphorus homeostasis in legume nodules as an adaptive strategy to phosphorus deficiency. Plant Science. 239: 36-43.
    32. Togay, Y., Togay, N. and Dogan, Y. (2008). Research on the effect of phosphorus and molybdenum applications on the yield and yield parameters in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). African Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 1256-1260.
    33. Trisha, L.P., Chibuike, C.U., Rotimi, E.A. (2010). Amino Acid Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pea Seed (Pisum sativum L.) Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate Fractions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58(8): 4712-4718.
    34. Weisany, W., Raei, Y. and Allahverdipoor, K.H. (2013). Role of Some of Mineral Nutrients in Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences. 2(4): 77-84.
    35. Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S., Ahemad, M., Oves, M. (2009). Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica. 56: 263-284. 
    36. Zarrin, F., Zia, M. and Chaudhary, M.F. (2007). Interactive effect of Rhizobium strains and p on soybean yield, nitrogen fixation and soil fertility. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 39(1): 255-264.
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