Academic career

Degree	University/Institution	Year	Distinction, if any
Matriculation/ S.S.C.	Bihar School Examination Board, Patna	1991	First Division
Intermediate/I.Sc.	Bihar Intermediate Education Council, Patna	1993	First Division & Distinction
Bachelors Degree (B.V.Sc.&A.H.)	College of Veterinary Science & A.H. J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur	1995–2001	First Division University Gold Medal & Pfizer Gold Medal
Master’s degree/M.V.Sc Dairying in (LPM)	ICAR-NDRI Deemed University, Karnal	2001-2003	First Division & Distinction
M.B.A. (HRD)	I.G.N.O.U., New Delhi	2006-2009	First Division
Doctorate/Ph.D. Dairying in (LPM)	ICAR-NDRI Deemed University, Karnal	2003-2006	First Division & Distinction
NET-ICAR (LPM)	ICAR, New Delhi	2005	Qualified
NET-CSIR (Life Sciences)	CSIR, New Delhi	2004	Qualified

Professional attainments:

Positions Held

Duration

Institution

Assistant Professor (Livestock Production Management)

06-05-2006 to 05-12-2006

Mahatma Gandhi Veterinary College, Bharatpur under R.A.U., Bikaner

Assistant Professor (Livestock Production Management)

06-12-2006 to 09-02-2009 (2Y 3M)

College of Veterinary Science & A.H., J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur

Scientist (Livestock Production Management)

10-02-2009 to 07-05-2012 (3Y 3M)

ICAR-NRC on Pig, Rani, Guwahati

Senior Scientist (Livestock Production Management)

08-05-2012 to till date (4Y 7M)

ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad

Thesis

Prabhat Kumar Pankaj: Economic Analysis of Dairy Farming in Rural Areas of Mahakoshal Region of Madhya Pradesh. Human Resource Management, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), 08/2010, Degree: M.B.A.

Prabhat Kumar Pankaj: Study of critical control points in cryopreservation of bovine semen. Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, National Dairy Research Institute, 06/2006, Degree: Ph.D.

Prabhat Kumar Pankaj: Muzzle Measureemnts for predicting performances of Friesian Crosses. Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, National Dairy Research Institute, 07/2003, Degree: M.V.Sc.

Special attainments (in brief)

Undertaken more than 15 research and extension projects whose focus ranged from invention of a plant based extender for bovine semen to farming system research/ extension. Some of the projects aimed at development of new products like organic meat, organic fodder, with superior quality and remunerative option. The results of the projects benefited rural women, entrepreneurs, industry, policy makers, scientists, extension personnel and academics circle.

Under development of new products/ invention, organic fodder production was initiated with Co-4 fodder variety of Hybrid Napier for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA. The production level was 180-200Qtl/Ha. The CP% was 10 and TDN was 65% with 4% Ash content. Fodder plots were bestowed organic accreditation certificate by Aditi Organic Certifications (NPOP/NAB/0017) in 2014. Similarly, organic meat was also produced which was slightly inferior to conventionally produced meat but it was free from chemical, pesticide or drug residue. Organic meat were produced for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA. Respiratory chambers were prepared using locally fabricated materials to quantify methane emission from sheep using gas chromatograph. As a part of intention to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emission from ruminants, Polyherbal preparations were evaluated and all were significantly efficient in reducing methane emission.

I have been the part of Pig genome submission and submitted 16 nucleotide sequences. I have identified critical control points in cryopreservation of semen which were helpful in establishment of model artificial insemination laboratory. An innovative Plant Based Extender for dilution of semen of bovine (cattle & buffalo) was also developed. The semen quality after cryopreservation in plant based extender was found to be at par with egg yolk citrate dilutor and milk extender. Effect of vaccination and deworming on the semen quality was also quantified and prohibition of bull to be used for service after vaccination was also standardized. Nominee has developed Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for piggery sector by standardization of creep ration, flushing up ration, steaming up ration, weaning age, etc.

Our team has determined the milk yield and composition of sow milk for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA. Also, hormonal, enzymatic and haematological profile of Indigenous pig (Ghungroo and Niang Megha) was standardized for the first time in India. The nominee was the part of team which developed 2 pig varieties, i.e., a. multiplier Hampshire X Ghungroo (HG Cross) Pig and b. potential three-way cross (HGD Cross) pig for finisher producers to mitigate the gap between demand and supply of quality pork and pork products. I was actively involved for evaluation and characterization of indigenous pig germplasm. Under this initiative, farm based performance evaluation of two indigenous germplasm of India, Ghungroo and Niang-Megha has been carried out at the Institute. Database of livestock production and climate variability was made for North-east India and dryland India. Ready reckoners for various stakeholders was prepared for dentition pattern in indigenous pig, prediction of body weight using linear measurements. Evaluation of milk urea concentration was established as useful indicator for dairy herd management. Udder Morphometry in relation to bulk tank and individual animal somatic cell count was established for assessment of sub-clinical mastitis in bovines. Muzzle Measurements were standardized for predicting the age, body weight and performances of Friesian crosses.

1. List of Research Publications:

2016

Book/Bulletin:

Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Jain, R. and Rajendiran, A.S. 2016. Fodder production strategies during deficit rainfall years in semi-arid regions of India. Trainers’ training book on sheep production and management. (Eds. Mullick, P.C. et al., 2016). Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal–624103, Tamil Nadu, pp .
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R. and Singh, P.P. 2016. Small ruminant production under climate change scenario in rainfed areas. Trainers’ training book on sheep production and management. (Eds. Mullick, P.C. et al., 2016). Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal–624103, Tamil Nadu, pp .
Pourouchottamane, R., Rajendiran, A.S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016. Decrypting abiotic stress in sheep production system and its restorative measures. Trainers’ training book on sheep production and management. (Eds. Mullick, P.C. et al., 2016). Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal–624103, Tamil Nadu, pp .
Maruthi, V., Reddy, K.S., Pankaj, P.K. and Subba Reddy, G. 2016. Integrated farming systems for food and nutritional security in rainfed areas. Trainers’ training book on sheep production and management. (Eds. Mullick, P.C. et al., 2016). Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal–624103, Tamil Nadu, pp .
Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K. and Vasantha Kumar, S. 2016. General care and management of sheep. Trainers’ training book on sheep production and management. (Eds. Mullick, P.C. et al., 2016). Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur, Kodaikanal–624103, Tamil Nadu, pp .
Srinivasa Rao, Ch., Rao, K.V., Chary, G.R., Prasad, Y.G., Gopinath, K.A., Osman, Ramana, D.B.V., Pankaj, P.K., Maheswari, M, Rao, V.U.M., Sailaja, V and Sikka, A.K (2016). Jila Krushi Akasmik Yojana: Bharat Me Sthai Khadya Suraksha Aur Mausami Vichalan Ke Samadhan. Technical Bulletin/01/2016. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Division, ICAR, Hyderabad, 32p
Muthuraman, P., Ravishankar, K., Takeda, J., Nirmala, G., Nagasree, K. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016.Thesaurus of Extension Education. Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, Ansari Road, Daryagunj, New Delhi–110002. pp. 409. ISBN: 81-7019-520-5.

Book Chapters:

Pourouchottamane, R., Ramesha, K.P., Pankaj, P.K., Murugan, M., Naskar, S. and Banik, S. 2016. Status and strategies for improvement of yak husbandry in India in the context of changing climatic scenario. (Chapter 20) In: Shastri, N.S.R., Roychoudhary, R., Sreekumar, D., Wadhwani, K.N. and Ravikiran, G. (eds.) Livestock Production under Diverse Constraints: Indian experience in its management. Write & Print Publications, New Delhi (ISBN-978-93-84649-44-9). Pp-124-130.
Murugan, M., Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K. and Edwin, S.C. 2016. Mitigation strategies for heat stress in commercial layers and broilers to optimize the production performance. (Chapter 98) In: Shastri, N.S.R., Roychoudhary, R., Sreekumar, D., Wadhwani, K.N. and Ravikiran, G. (eds.) Livestock Production under Diverse Constraints: Indian experience in its management. Write & Print Publications, New Delhi (ISBN-978-93-84649-44-9). Pp-516-520.

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Srinivasa Rao, Ch., Rani, R., Nikhila, M., Das, H.C. and Nirmala, G. 2016. Bio-molecular variability under different environmental regimens and suitable nutrient supplementation to combat the weather related stress under semi-arid dryland region in Deccani females. Journal of Agrometeorology, 16: 00-00. (In Press)
Singh, P.P., Kumar, A., Chauhan, R.S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016. Effect of Endosulfan on immunological competence of layer birds Veterinary World, 9(7): 777-782.
Singh, P.P., Kumar, A., Chauhan, R.S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016. How safe is the use of chlorpyriphos : revelations through its effect on layer birds. Veterinary World, 9(7): 753-758.
Mishra, A., Patel, P., Singh, H.S., Goyal, G., Baghel, R.P.S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016. Effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on mRNA expression of HSP70 gene in broilers. Indian Journal of Poultry Science (Accepted-Ref.: CARI/IJPS/MSIDN/75/2015).
Venugopalan, V.K, Prabhakar, M., Gopinath, K.A., Pankaj, P.K. and Srinivasa Rao, Ch. 2016. Community fodder banks for addressing forage shortage in rainfed areas. Indian Farming. 66(2): 21-25.
Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Nirmala, G., Ravi Shankar, K. and Srinivasa Rao, Ch. 2016. Decrypting bio-molecular variability in small ruminants and antioxidants to combat bio-meteorological stress in semi-arid tropics. Journal of Agrometeorology. (Submitted).
K S Reddy, V Maruthi, M Kumar, P K Pankaj, A.G.K. Reddy and B Umesha. 2016. Farm Pond Technology for Climate Resilience: Potential and Economic Viability in different Cropping Systems of Rainfed Agriculture. International Journal of Plant Production (Submitted).

2015

Book/Bulletin:

Muthuraman, P., Ravishankar, K., Takeda, J., Nirmala, G., Nagasree, K. and Pankaj, P.K. 2016.Thesaurus of Extension Education. Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, Ansari Road, Daryagunj, New Delhi–110002. pp. 409. ISBN: 81-7019-520-5.
Nirmala, G. Prasad, M.S., Ravi Shankar, K., Nagasri, K., Adake, R.V., Pankaj, P.K., Sreedevi, K.S. and Srinivasa Rao, Ch. 2015. Sustainable conservation technologies for enhancing resource use efficiency in rainfed farming. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad–500059 (Telangana); ISBN No. 978-93-80883-31-1.
Srinivasa Rao, Ch., Rao, K.V., Chary, G.R., Prasad, Y.G., Gopinath, K.A., Osman, Ramana, D.B.V., Pankaj, P.K., Maheswari, M, Rao, V.U.M., Sailaja, V andSikka, A.K (2016). Jila Krushi Akasmik Yojana: Bharat Me Sthai Khadya Suraksha Aur Mausami Vichalan Ke Samadhan. Technical Bulletin/01/2016. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Division, ICAR, Hyderabad, 32p
Ch Srinivasa Rao, KV Rao, G Ravindra Chary, YG Prasad, AVM Subba Rao, DBV Ramana, JVNS Prasad, CA Rama Rao, PK Pankaj, KA Gopinath, BK Kandpal, M Maheswari, VUM Rao and AK Sikka. 2015. Compensatory Rabi Production Plan-2015. Technical Bulletin 1/2015. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad. 66p.

Research Publications

Pankaj, P. K., D.B.V. Ramana, Ch. Srinivasa Rao, K. Ravikanth, Rita Rani, M. Nikhila, Adarsh. 2015. An oral feed strategy in sheep for improved digestibility, nutrient utilization and methane mitigation. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7(3): 91-94.
Venkata Raju, N., P.K.Pankaj, D.B.V.Ramana, Rita Rani, M.Nikhila and D.Sudheer. 2015. Physiological responses to intensification in Deccani sheep. International journal of plant, animal and environmental sciences, 5(1): 50-55.
Pankaj, P.K., Raina, V.S., Roy, B., Mohanty, T.K., Gupta, A.K. and Mishra, A. 2015. Determination of pH and osmolality in plant based extenders for freezing buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) bull spermatozoa. Buffalo Bulletin, 34(3): 285-300.
Sahoo, N.R., Nesa, N., Naskar, S., Banik, S., Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, M. 2016 Microsatellite and Mitochondrial Diversity Analysis of Native Pigs of Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot, Animal Biotechnology, 27(1): 52-59.
Venkata Raju, N., Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Rani, R., Nikhila, M. and Sudheer, D. 2015. Physiological responses to intensification in Deccani sheep. International journal of plant, animal and environmental sciences. 5(1): 50-55.
Venkata Raju, N., Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Kavitha, V. 2015. Intensification in Deccani sheep: haematological and biochemical influences. European Journal of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry. 2(5): 251-256.
Sahoo, N.R., Nesa, N., Naskar, S., Banik, S., Pankaj, P.K. 2015. Genetic diversity analysis of Ghoongroo pig based on microsatellite markers. The Indian journal of animal sciences, 85(11): 1215-1219.
Sahoo, N.R., Naskar, S., Banik, S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2015. Microsatellite based diversity analysis of native pigs of North-Eastern India. Indian Journal of Animal Research, DOI:10.18805/ijar.7086
Rajapandi, S., Ramanathan, N., Pourouchottamane, R., Thiruvenkadan, A.K., Ramesh Saravana Kumar, V., Pankaj, P.K. and Rajendiran, A.S. 2015. Analysis of reproductive traits of broiler rabbits reared in sub-temperate climate of Kodai hills, Tamil Nadu, India. Veterinary World, 8(8):1045-1050.
Rajapandi, S., Ramanathan, N., Pourouchottamane, R., Thiruvenkadan, A.K., Ramesh Saravana Kumar, V., Pankaj, P.K. and Rajendiran, A.S. 2015. Analysis of performances in white giant rabbits reared in sub-temperate climate of Kodai hills, Tamil Nadu. Research Journal of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, 6(1): 21-26.
Bharti, P., Bhakat, C., Pankaj, P.K., Bhat, S.A., Prakash, M.A., Thul, M.R., Puhle, K. and Japheth. 2015. Relationship of udder and teat conformation with intra-mammary infection in crossbred cows under hot-humid climate. Veterinary World, 814(7): 2231-916.
S. Banik, S. Naskar, P.K. Pankaj, R. Pourouchottamane, K. Barman, P. Kaushik, M.K. Tamuli. 2015. Effect of different genetic and non-genetic factors on pre-weaning growth performance of pigs. Veterinary practitioner, 15(1): 112-113. (NAAS Score 3.78)

Lectures delivered

Pankaj, P.K. 2015. Green livestock technologies for environmental resilience. One day workshop at Andhra Loyola College, Vijaywada on 4^th February, 2015.
Pankaj P.K. 2015. Capacity development of 100 NICRA-KVK staff on Climate resilient agriculture at ICAR-CRIDA on 19-23^rd January, 2015.
R. Pourouchottamane, A.S. Rajendiran and P.K. Pankaj. 2015. Impact of Abiotic Stress on Sheep Production System and Ameliorative Measures. Training Manual for Veterinary Professionals. Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur – 624103, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, Pp-67-80.
R. Pourouchottamane, P.K. Pankaj and S. Vasatha Kumar. 2015. General Care and Management of Sheep. Training Manual for Veterinary Professionals. Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur – 624103, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, Pp-81-97.
Pankaj, P.K., DBV Ramana and R. Pourouchottamane. 2015. Climate Resilient Small Ruminant Production in Rainfed Areas. Training Manual for Veterinary Professionals. Southern Regional Research Centre, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Mannavanur – 624103, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, Pp-98-108.

2014

Book Chapters

Banik, S., Pankaj, P.K. and Naskar, S. 2014. Climate change impacts on livestock diversity in tropical countries. (Chapter 11) In: Malik, P.K., Bhatta, R., Takahashi, J., Kohn, R.A., and Prasad, C.S. (eds.) Livestock Production and Climate Change. CAB International (ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 432 5). Pp-162-182.
Banik, S., Naskar, S., Pankaj, P.K. and Barman, K.2014. Prospect and problem of piggery enterprise. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-14-18.
Banik, S., Naskar, S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2014. Breeding strategies for commercial pig production. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-23-29.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S. and Naskar, S. 2014. Good management practices (GMP) for improved pig production in changing climatic scenario. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-70-82.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S. and Naskar, S. 2014. Management of pig waste and its disposal. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-105-112.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S. and Naskar, S. 2014. Integrated farming system for improving profitability. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-113-117.
Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K. and Rajendiran, A.S. 2014. Financing and financial management of pig farm. In Breeding and management strategies for piggery enterprises for increased productivity and profitability. (Editors S.Banik, S.Naskar, D.K.Sarma and M.K.Tamuli). Published by ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati. Pp-227-237.

Research Publications

Reddy, Sahadeva B., DBV, Ramana, Y, Ashoka Reddy, P.K. Pankaj. 2014. Nutritive value of commonly used Groundnut varieties in dryland areas of Andhra Pradesh. Indian journal of dryland agricultural research and development, 29(2): 112-115.
Pankaj, P.K., V.S. Raina, R. Pourouchottamane, V. Venkatsubramanian, T.K. Mohanty and S. Muzamil. 2014. Relative efficiency of sterilization methods for the treatment of glassware part of artificial vagina to be used for bovine semen collection. Applied Biological Research, 16(1): 95-98.
Pankaj, P.K., A. Mishra, R. Pourouchottamane, V. Venkatasubramanian, D.B.V. Ramana and N.R. Sahoo. 2014. Designing of suitable adjustable dipping tank for organized piggery. Veterinary Practitioner, 14(2) (Supplement-1): 579-581.
Mudgal, Vishal, Vishnu Kumar Gupta, Pankaj, P.K., Shalini Srivastava, Azad Ahmed Ganai. 2014. Effect of copper supplementation on the onset of estrus in anestrous buffalo cows and heifers. Buffalo Bulletin, 33(1): 1-5.
Pourouchottamane, R., P.K. Pankaj, S. Banik, V. Venkatsubramanian, H.K. Das, P. Konwar. 2014. Effect of Improved Shelter Management on Micro-Climatic Conditions and Performance of Ghungroo Pigs. Indian veterinary journal, 91(6): 93-95.
Banik, S., S. Naskar, P.K. Pankaj, R. Pourouchottamane, K. Barman, P. Kaushik and M.K. Tamuli. 2014. Effect of different genetic and non-genetic factors on pre-weaning growth performance of pigs. Veterinary practitioner, 15(1): 112-113.
Pankaj, P.K., A.Mishra, R.Pourouchottamane, V.Venkatasubramanian, D.B.V.Ramana and N.R. Sahoo. 2014. Designing of suitable adjustable dipping tank for organized piggery. Veterinary Practitioner, 14(2) (Supplement-1): 579-581.
Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Pourouchottamane, R. and Naskar, S. 2014. Livestock Management under Changing Climate Scenario in India. World Journal of Veterinary Science 1: 25-32.

Technical/popular articles

Ramana, D.B.V. Ravishankar, K., Nagasree, K. and Pankaj, PK (2014). Karuvu teera pasugrasam. Raitu Ratna, 2(4):32-34
Ramana, D.B.V., Ravishankar, K., Pankaj, PK and Nagasree, K. (2014). Karuvu kaalamlo pasuposhana mariyu yaajamanya paddatulu. Sedyaphalam, 12(2):59-61
Ramana, D.B.V., Ravishankar, K. and Pankaj, PK. (2014). Peratlo Azolla pempakam. Sedyaphalam, 3(1):44-46.
, शान्तनु, पंकज, पी.के., नस्कर, ऐस., पुरुषोत्तम, आर. एवं गांगुली, आइ. 2014। शूकर प्रजनन का परिदृश्य। पशुधन प्रकाश। पंचम अंक। पृष्ठ संख्या - 33 - 35।

Lead papers presented

Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Ramana, D.B.V., Murugan, M. and Naskar, S. 2014. Enhancement of pig productivity and profitability under changing climate scenario in India. Lead paper in National Seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" and XXI Annual convention of Indian society of animal production and management from 28-30th January, 2014 at AAU, Anand, Gujarat. Pp-443-457.
Murugan, M., Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K. and Edwin, S.C. 2014. Combined mitigation strategies for heat stress in commercial layers and broilers to optimize the production performance. Lead paper in National Seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" and XXI Annual convention of Indian society of animal production and management from 28-30th January, 2014 at AAU, Anand, Gujarat. Pp-416-422.
Pourouchottamane, R., Ramesha, K.P., Pankaj, P.K., Murugan, M., Naskar, S. and Banik, S. 2014. Status and strategies for improved yak husbandry in India in context of changing climate scenario. Lead paper in National Seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" and XXI Annual convention of Indian society of animal production and management from 28-30th January, 2014 at AAU, Anand, Gujarat. Pp-458-469.

Presentation of abstracts in conferences:

Naskar, S., Konwar, P., Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S., Borah, S., Vashi, Y., Mahapatra, R.K., Goswami, J. and Sarmah B.C. 2014. Population Dynamics of Pig Production System in North East India. Paper presented in XIth National Symposium on "Harmonizing Phenomics and Genomics for Sustainable Management of Livestock for Upliftment of Rural Masses" organized by Society for Conservation of Domestic Animal Biodiversity (SOCDAB) at NBAGR, Karnal during February 6-7, 2014.

Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Naskar, S., Banik, S., Sahoo, N.R., Tamuli, M.K. and Das, A. 2014. Good management practices for improving profitability of pig production. Best Poster Award for poster presented at the National seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.

Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K., Naskar, S., Tamuli, M.K. and Das, A. 2014. Ethogram and behavioural pattern of indigenous and crossbred pigs under intensive system of rearing in North-east agro-climatic region of India. Best Oral Presentation Award for poster presented at the National seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.

Konwar, P., Naskar, S., Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S., Borah, S., Vashi, Y., Mahapatra, R.K., Goswami, J. and Sarmah, B.C. 2014. Amelioration of thermal stress through shelter management as evidenced by reduced occurrence of piglet mortality in north east India. Paper presented at National Seminar on “New Dimensional Approaches for Livestock Productivity and Profitability Enhancement under Era of Climate Change” and XXI Annual Convention of Indian Society of Animal Production and Management at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.

Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Nirmala, G., Dupdal, R., Nikhila, M., Rani, R. and Sudheer, D. 2014. Strategies for livestock management in rainfed agro-ecosystem. Paper presented at the National seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.

Lectures in training programmes:

Pankaj, P.K. 2014. Integrated Farming system using livestock for improving resource use efficiency in rainfed areas. Lecture delivered in Model Training Course "Sustainable conservation technologies for enhancing resource use efficiency in rainfed farming" on 19/09/2014, conducted from September 16-23, 2014 at ICAR-CRIDA, Hyderabad.
Pankaj, P.K. 2014. Typologies in livestock systems in rainfed areas. Training program on “Revitalization of Rainfed Agriculture (RRA)” from 10-15th November, 2014 at MANAGE, Hyderabad.

2013

Book Chapters

P.K.Pankaj, R.Pourouchottamane and N.R.Sahoo: Housing Management of pig. Handbook of Pig Husbandry, 1st edited by A.Das, M.K.Tamuli, Mohan, Thomas, 01/2013: chapter Housing Management of Pig: pages 59-68; Today and Tomorrow's printers and publishers., ISBN: 1-55528-333-0 (USA) and 81-7019-476-8 (India)
Pankaj, P.K. and Ramana, D.B.V. (2013). Climate resilient small ruminant production in drylands. Edited by A.Sahoo and S.M.K.Naqvi, Climate Resilient Small Ruminant Production by Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, pp - 69-74.
N.R.Sahoo and P.K.Pankaj: General Management of pig farm. Handbook of Pig Husbandry, 1st edited by A.Das, M.K.Tamuli, Mohan, Thomas, 01/2013: chapter 7: pages 49-58; Today and Tomorrow's printers and publishers., ISBN: 1-55528-333-0 (USA) and 81-7019-476-8 (India)
R.Pourouchottamane and P.K.Pankaj: Manure Handling Options and Composting of Pig Waste. Handbook of Pig Husbandry, 1st edited by A.Das, M.K.Tamuli, Mohan, Thomas, 01/2013: chapter 36: pages 361-371; Today and Tomorrow's printers and publishers., ISBN: 1-55528-333-0 (USA) and 81-7019-476-8 (India)

Technical Bulletins

Sudheer, D., Ramana, D.B.V., Pankaj, P.K., Prabhakar, M., Duttatrey, K. and Venkateshwarlu, B. 2013. Diseases of cattle, sheep & poultry and their control (in telugu entitled "Pashulu, jeevaluku mareeyu koluku shoke mukhyamaina vyadhulu nivarna"). Technical Bulletin no. 03/2013. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. pp. 40.
Sudheer, D., Ramana, D.B.V., Pankaj, P.K., Ravikumar, K., Prabhakar, M. and Venkateshwarlu, B. 2013. Clean milk production and milk quality test (in telugu entitled "Parisubramaina pal utpatti mariyu paal nanyata pariksha"). Technical Brochure no. 01/2013. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad.
Pankaj, P.K. and Santosh, K. 2013. Feeds and feeding management for pigs. In Scientific Pig Husbandry. (eds. Santosh Kumar, Borah, B.K.D., Maiti, S., Bera, A.K. and S.Debasis). National Research Centre on Yak, Dirang, West Kamang, Arunachal Pradesh, P. 100.
K. Ravi Shankar, M.S.Prasad, K.S. Reddy, K.V.Rao, P.K.Pankaj, K. Nagasree and B.M.K. Raju. 2013. Organic farming & rain water harvesting and utilization for climate resilient agriculture in rainfed areas (Climate risk management for rainfed agriculture). 02-08 January 2013. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. Training Manual. p. 94.

Research Publications

Sahoo, N.R., S. Banik, P.K. Pankaj, M. Sahoo. 2013. Cytogenetic architecture of Niang Megha pig. Indian Veterinary Journal, 90 (12): 59-61.
Ramana, D.B.V., P.K. Pankaj, M. Nikhila, Rita Rani and D. Sudheer. 2013. Productivity and physiological responses of sheep exposed to heat stress. Journal of Agrometeorology, 15 (Special Issue-I): 71-76.
Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K., Banik, S., Naskar, S., Tamuli, M.K. and Das, A. 2013. Behavioural response of pigs to thermal stress under intensive system of rearing. Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 29(3-4): 75-78.
Pourouchottamane, R., P.K. Pankaj, S. Banik, S. Naskar, V. Venkatsubramanian and D.B.V. Ramana. 2013. Effect of micro-environmental variations on biomolecular profile and performance of pig. Journal of Agrometeorology, 15 (Special Issue-I): 138-143.
Pankaj, P.K., V.S. Raina, R.Pourouchottamane, V. Venkatsubramanian, T.K. Mohanty and S. Muzamil. 2013. Effect of deworming on seminal characteristics of Karan Fries bulls. Applied Biological Research, 15(2): 1-6.
Pankaj, P.K., V. Venkatasubramanian, R. Pourouchottamane, D.B.V. Ramana and Aditya Mishra. 2013. Problems of buffalo reproduction: identification and ways to ameliorate infertility. Veterinary Practitioner, 14(1): 192-197.
Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Rita Rani, Nikhila, M., Sudheer, D. and Chowdary, K.P. 2013. Thermotolerance of sheep in relation to coat color. Journal of Agrometeorology, 15(Special Issue-II): 163-169.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Sahoo, N.R., Banik, S. and Venkatsubramanian, V. 2013. Standardization of weaning in Niang Megha pigs. Indian Veterinary Journal, 90(7): 50-51.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Barman, K., Sahoo, N.R., Banik, S. and Venkatsubramanian, V. 2013. Standardization of weaning in Ghungroo pigs. Indian Veterinary Journal, 90(6): 69-71.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Banik, S., Tamuli, M.K., Naskar, S., and Das, A. 2013. Sexual separation and growth rate in Ghungroo pig. Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 29(3-4): 72-74.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane R., Mahapatra R.K., Banik S., Sahoo N.R., Das A. and Tamuli M.K. 2013. Quantitative and qualitative estimation of milk in Ghungroo sows. Indian Veterinary Journal, 90(4): 140-141.
Banik, S., Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Naskar, S., Barman, K., Tamuli, M.K. and Das, A. 2013. Evaluation of transport stress on grower pig and its management. Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 29(3-4): 79-81.
Banik, S., Naskar, S., Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane, R., Barman, K., Sahoo, N.R. and Tamuli, M.K. 2013. Construction of growth band for early selection of indigenous pigs in India. Applied Biological Research, 15(1): 1-5.
Badyal, N., Das, A., Naskar, S., Roy, T.C., Nath, K.C., Das, B., Magotra, A., Pourouchottamane, R. and Pankaj, P.K. 2013. Molecular characterization of halothane (hal) gene in indigenous pigs. Veterinary Practitioner, 14(1): 28-29.

e-publications

Nirmala, G. and Pankaj, P.K. 2013. Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for sustainable agriculture and food safety: Educational Programme. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad (e-learning reference for dryland farmers), http://www.crida.in/Pubs/Good%20Agricultural%20Parctices/shell.swf

Lectures in training programmes:

Pankaj, P.K. 2013. Automation in dairy and poultry industry. Model training course on mechanization of Dryland agriculture from 19th to 26th November 2013.
Pankaj P.K. 2013. CDM Opportunities in livestock sector. MTC programme of 10 Days on “Impact of Climate change on Rainfed agriculture system and adaptation strategies” from Sept. 26-Oct. 03 Nov, 2013 at CRIDA, Hyderabad.

Presentation of abstracts in conferences:

Murugan, M. and Pankaj, P.K. 2013. Web portal on poultry science - an ICT initiative for empowerment of poultry industry. Paper presented at 3rd International Conference on “Extension Education Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Development – A Global Perspective” at U.A.S., Banglore during December 5-8, 2014.

Murugan, M., Vasantha Kumar, S., Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K. and Edwin, S.C. 2013. Establishment of digital infobase on livestock markets of southern districts of Tamilnadu. Paper presented at 3rd International Conference on “Extension Education Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Development – A Global Perspective” at U.A.S., Banglore during December 5-8, 2014.
Nirmala, G., Ramana, D.B.V., Pankaj, P.K., Nagasree, K., Ravi Shankar, K. and Prasad, M.S. 2013. Technological Empowerment of Women farmers with Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for Sustainable Rainfed Agriculture. Paper presented at 3rd International Conference on “Extension Education Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Development – A Global Perspective” at U.A.S., Banglore during December 5-8, 2014.
Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Nirmala, G., Ravi Shankar, K. and Prasad, M.S. 2013. Managing feeding resources for improvement of Livestock Production System in Dryland areas. Paper presented at 3rd International Conference on “Extension Education Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Development – A Global Perspective” at U.A.S., Banglore during December 5-8, 2014.
Pourouchottamane, R., Pankaj, P.K., Naskar, S. and Banik, S. (2013). Ameliorative measures to counteract thermal stress in Pig. in Management Strategies for sustyainable livestock Production against impending climate change (Ed. M.A. Kataktalware et al). Model training Programme orgaized at Southern Regional Station, NDRI, Bangalore Page 99 - 102
Naskar, S., Banik, S., Pourouchottamane, R. and Pankaj, P.K. (2013). Breeding strategies for climate resiliant piggery in Management STrategies for sustyainable livestock Production against impending climate chage (Ed. M.A. Kataktalware et al). Model training Programme orgaized at Southern Regional Station, NDRI, Bangalore Page 103 to 107.

2012

Books

P.K. Pankaj, R. Pourouchottamane, S. Naskar, S. Banik, M.K. Tamuli and A. Das. 2012. Good Management Practices for improved pig production. Published from National Research Centre on Pig (ICAR), Guwahati. Pages-242.
R. Pourouchottamane, P.K. Pankaj, S. Naskar, S. Banik, M.K. Tamuli and A. Das. 2012. Shelter management for pig rearers in North-east India. Published from National Research Centre on Pig (ICAR), Guwahati. Pages-104.

Technical bulletins

K. Ravi Shankar, K.A. Gopinath, M.S.Prasad, Md Osman, P.K.Pankaj and G. Venkatesh. 2012. Organic farming. 26-28 June 2012. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. Instruction Material. p. 44.
M.S.Prasad, P.K.Pankaj, K. Ravi Shankar, K. Srinivas and K.V.Rao. 2012. Organic farming and rain water harvesting and utilization for climate resilient agriculture in rainfed areas. 16-22 October 2012. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. Training Manual. p. 141.

Research Publications

Venkatasubramanian, V., A. Kumaresan, R. Pourouchottamane, A. Mishra and P.K. Pankaj. 2012. Capacity building of milk producers for sustainable growth of dairying in northeastern region: status and strategies. Veterinary Practitioner, 13(1): 121-125.
Sahoo N.R., Banik S., Anubrata Das, Pankaj P.K., Kaushik Purabi and Tamuli M.K. 2012. Phenotypic Attributes of Ghungroo Breed of Pig. Indian Veterinary Journal, 89(3): 89-90.
Pourouchottamane, R., V. Venkatasubramanian, A.K. Singha, A. Mishra and P.K. Pankaj. 2012. Training needs analysis of livestock farmers and rural youths of north eastern India. Veterinary Practitioner, 13(2): 374-379.
Pourouchottamane, R., V. Ramesh Saravana Kumar, V. Venkatsubramanian, M.A. Kataktalware, A. Mishra, S. Muzamil and P.K. Pankaj. 2012. Influence of rearing system on the production performance of commercial layers. Applied Biological Research, 14(2): 198-201.
Pourouchottamane, R., A. Chatterjee, B.C. Saravanan, M.A. Kataktalware, Aditya Mishra and P.K. Pankaj. 2012. Biochemical and micro-mineral status of yak (Poephagus grunniens L.) reared under high altitude traditional migratory system. Veterinary Practitioner, 13(2): 206-208.
Barman, K., Das, A. Tamuli, M.K., Banik, S. and Pankaj, P.K. 2012. Effect of replacing maize with steamed flaked rice byproducts (SFRB) on the performance of growing crossbred (Hampshire x Niang Megha) pigs. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition, 29(2): 201-203.
Banik, S., S. Naskar, P.K. Pankaj, N.R. Sahoo, M.K.Tamuli and A. Das. 2012. Effect of different body measurements on body weight in Ghungroo pigs. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 82(9): 1094-1097.

2011

Research Publications

Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan, Swaraj Rajkhowa, K.B.D. Choudhary, A. Das, Prabhat Kumar Pankaj, Shivi Maini and Kotagiri Ravikanth. 2011. Efficacy of poly herbal liver tonic products in promoting growth performances in post-weaned Ghungroo piglets. Research Opinions in Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 1(5): 284-287.
Roy, B., B. Brahma, S. Ghosh, P.K. Pankaj and G. Mandal. 2011. Evaluation of Milk Urea Concentration as Useful Indicator for Dairy Herd Management: A review. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(1): 1-19.
Pankaj, P.K., Pourouchottamane R., A. Das, Sahoo.N.R, Banik S. and Tamuli, M.K. 2011. Pattern of deciduous teeth eruption in Ghungroo pig. Indian Veterinary Journal, 88(9): 110-112.
Mishra, A., B. Sharma, A.K. Jain, A. Dixit, S. Barmaiya, R.G. Agrawal, P.K. Pankaj, H.S. Singh and I.J. Sharma. 2011. Separation of lymphocytes through FACS using monoclonal antibodies to assess the cause of high mortality in neonatal buffalo calves vs cow calves. Buffalo Bulletin, 29(3): 180-188.
Kumar, Sandip, Rupesh Jain, Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, N.R. 2011. Performance of local and coloured birds under backyard farming system in central India. Indian Veterinary Journal, 88(10): 60-61.
Jain, Rupesh, Mohanty T.K., Sahoo, N.R. and Pankaj, P.K. 2011. Inter-relationship between scrotal measurements and body size in Sahiwal bulls. Indian Veterinary Journal, 88 (6): 42-44.
Bhakat, M., T.K. Mohanty, V.S. Raina, A.K. Gupta, P.K. Pankaj, R. K. Mahapatra, and M. Sarkar. 2011. Study on Suitable Semen Additives Incorporation into the Extender Stored at Refrigerated Temperature. Asian-Australatian Journal of Animal Science, 24(10): 1348-1357.

2010

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., P.K. Nagpaul, B. Roy and A. Mishra. 2010. Prediction of age and body weight by linear muzzle measurements in Karan Fries crossbred cattle. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 80 (10): 1028-30.
Sahoo, N.R., P.Kumar, B.Bhushan, T.K.Bhattacharya, A.Sharma, S.Dayal, P.K.Pankaj and M.Sahoo. 2010. PCR-SSCP of Serum Lysozyme Gene (Exon-III) in riverine buffalo and its association with Lysozyme activity and somatic cell count. Asian-Australatian Journal of Animal Science, 23(8): 993-999.
Roy, B., P. K. Nagpaul, P.K. Pankaj, T.K. Mohanty, V.S. Raina and S. Ghosh. 2010. Effect of Zn supplementation (ZnSO₄) on sperm morphometry of Murrah buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 29(1): 31-35.

2009

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., V.S. Raina, B. Roy, T.K. Mohanty and Aditya Mishra. 2009. Effect of Antioxidant Preservative on cold protection ability of low grade riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. Asian-Australatian Journal of Animal Science, 22(5): 626-635.
Pankaj, P.K., V.S. Raina, B. Roy, T.K. Mohanty and A.K. Gupta. 2009. Critical control points at the level of collection, processing and preservation of Sahiwal Bull Semen. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 79(10): 992-1000.
Sharma, Sanjay, Aklank Jain and P.K. Pankaj. 2009. Effect of feeding various levels of protein on milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentration as a managemental pointer in lactating riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 28(1): 44-50.
Jain, Alok, Aditya Kumar and P.K. Pankaj. 2009. Effect of graded levels of dietary phosphorus supplementation on rumen fermentation and blood biochemical profiles in Barbari kids. Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 23 (1-4): 56-61.
Kumar, A., T.K. Mohanty and P.K. Pankaj. 2009. Comparative study of uterine defence modulation and chemo-therapy in the management of endometritis in buffaloes. Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 23 (1-4): 62-70.
Mishra, A., P.K. Pankaj and B.S. Prakash. 2009. Prolactin and growth hormone relationship with cyclicity commencement in post-partum riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Indian Journal of Animal Production and Management, 23 (1-4): 71-76.

2008

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., A. Mishra, A.K. Gour, S.W. Amin, R. Jain and R.P.S. Baghel. 2008. Documentation of changes in haematology and milk constituents during oestrus in Murrah buffaloes. Buffalo Bulletin, 27(4): 289-293.
Mishra, A., P.K. Pankaj and and B.S. Prakash. 2008. Relationship of growth hormone with commencement of cyclicity in post-partum lactating riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 27(3): 245-249.
Roy, B., P.K. Nagpaul, P.K. Pankaj, T.K. Mohanty, V.S. Raina and A. Mishra. 2008. Studies on biometry of sperm of Murrah buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 27(2): 193-196.
Mishra, A., P.K. Pankaj and B.S. Prakash. 2008. Lactogenic effects of growth hormone in post-partum lactating riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 27(2): 196-201.
Jain, A.K., I.J. Sharma, R.G. Agrawal, P.K. Pankaj, Y.P.S. Malik and A. Dixit. 2008. An investigation into comparative mortality rates of neonatal buffalo calves versus cow calves. Buffalo Bulletin, 27(3): 215-220.
Jain, Rupesh, Mohanty T.K. and Pankaj, P.K. 2008. Study of relationship of age, testicular biometry and semen characteristics in bulls of Sahiwal and Friesian crosses. Journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Sciences, 27(3/4): 175-180.
Mishra, A., P.K. Pankaj and B.S. Prakash. 2008. Comparative status of blood metabolites with commencement of cyclicity in post-partum lactating riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Sciences, 3/4: 60-62.
Pankaj, P.K., Aditya Mishra and Rupesh Jain. 2008. Body condition scoring and its application in dairy cattle management. Veterinary Practitioner, 9 (2): 176-177.
Pankaj, Prabhat Kumar, Aditya Mishra, Rupesh Jain and S.W. Amin. 2008. Effect of herbal feed additives on rumen fermentation parameters, nutrient utilization and growth in calves. Veterinary Practitioner, 9(1): 89-93.
Pankaj, Prabhat Kumar, Aditya Mishra and Rupesh Jain. 2008. Nutritional management of the transition period to optimize fertility in dairy cattle. Veterinary Practitioner, 9(1): 83-88.

2007

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., V.S. Raina, B. Roy, T.K. Mohanty and A. Mishra. 2007. Studies on effect of vaccination on seminal characteristics of Riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 26(3): 91-103.
Pankaj, Prabhat Kumar and Aditya Mishra. 2007. Importance of feeding bypass protein to dairy animals with respect to their reproductive performance. Veterinary Practitioner, 8(1): 79-82.
Pankaj, Prabhat Kumar and Aditya Mishra. 2007. Photoperiod Management - A novel tool to improve the efficiency of milk production in dairy cattle. Veterinary Practitioner, 8(1): 85-87.
Mishra, A., P.K. Pankaj, B. Roy, I.J. Sharma and B.S. Prakash. 2007. Effect of growth hormone on onset of cyclicity, milk yield and blood metabolites in post-partum lactating Riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, 26(4): 106-117.
Pankaj, P.K., D.S. Rajput and A. Mishra. 2007. Livestock Technologies for Small Farms. Pashudhan, 33(10): 1 and 4.

2006

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K. and P.K. Nagpaul. 2006. Prediction of performances through various muzzle measurements in Friesian crosses. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 76(7): 542-545.
Ghosh, C.P., B. Roy, P.K. Pankaj, B. Brahma and S. Prasad. 2006. Managemental strategies to alleviate heat stress in dairy animals. Indian Dairyman, 58(4): 51-61.

2005

Research Publications

Roy, B., C.P. Ghosh, P.K. Pankaj, T.K. Mohanty, V.S. Raina, A.K. Gupta and P.K. Nagpaul. 2005. Strategies to optimise reproductive efficiency of dairy bulls. Dairy Planner, 7: 14-20.
Pankaj, P.K., B. Roy and R.K. Singh. 2005. Drought mitigation with special reference to livestock management in India. The Indian Cow, 5: 55-60.
Pankaj, P.K., A. Singh and B. Roy. 2005. Animal husbandry, dairying and rural development. Kurukshetra, 54(2): 30-35.
Pankaj, P.K. and P.K. Nagpaul. 2005. Documentation of muzzle measurements in various body weight groups of Karan Fries cattle. Journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Sciences, 24(2): 109-112.
Pankaj, P.K. and P.K. Nagpaul. 2005. Documentation of muzzle measurements in various age groups of Karan Fries cattle. The Royal Veterinary Journal of India, 1(1): 37-42.
Nagpaul, P.K., P.K. Pankaj, B. Roy, M. Kataktalware. 2005. Shelter management for dairy animals: A Review. Indian journal of animal science, 75(10): 1199-1214.
Kumar, A., P.K. Pankaj and S. Das. 2005. Bovine endometritis and therapeutic immunomodulation of uterine defense. Dairy Planner, 1(7): 14-20.

2004

Research Publications

Das, S. and P.K. Pankaj. 2004. Role of Women in Livestock Farming. Kurukshetra, 52(9): 25-29.

2003

Research Publications

Pankaj, P.K., S. Das, A. Kumar, N. Ramachandran. 2003. Perception of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) crisis and its systematic control in India. Indian Dairyman, 55(12): 67-74.

Concepts/Processes/Patents/Products/Technologies

Concepts

1. New approach for dairy herd management using milk urea nitrogen

Milk Urea Nitrogen (MUN) has potential to be utilized as a non-invasive input to a system to monitor the crude protein status in a dairy herd on a regular basis. The MUN in a dairy herd provides an opportunity to formulate the dietary protein constituency that optimizes nitrogen utilization for milk production and avoids possible negative effects on herd fertility. Milk urea varies by season, month, parity group, stage of lactation and sample type. Thus, in the current concept, ways have been shown to monitor the protein status, a critical factor in nutrient management of dairy herd, for maintaining productivity and reproductive efficiency have been suggested which will be helpful for variety of stakeholders, viz., researchers, policy makers, academicians, entrepreneurs and farmers. It can act as guideline for protein metabolism and protein feeding status of dairy animals by observing their urea concentration in milk or urine. This will also be helpful in predicting early negative energy balance.

2. Preparation of model for farmers:

a. Construction of low cost housing system replicable in field conditions: Cost effective shelter using locally available materials for housing 20 grower pigs was designed and developed which can be replicated by the farmers under the field condition. In this design, bamboo screen and thatch material was used as roofing material while pillars were made of iron pipe which can be either of bamboo pole or wooden post also. The side wall and floor was made of brick with cement finishing for easy cleaning and better sanitation. The cost of constructing low cost house was Rs.96000.00 for 15 weaner pig unit and Rs.76000.00 for 10 weaner pig unit.

b. Sustainable Pig Production: A study on prevailing practices in traditional pig rearing and to identify the lacunae, explore possibilities of incorporating modern managemental practices in prevailing system, compare performance of pigs in organized farm versus traditional rearing system and to evolve package of practices for optimal performance of pig rearing was carried out. Package of practices for sustainable pig farming was developed and published for the end users in the form of technical bulletin ‘Sustainable Pig Production’.

Process

1. Training need analysis of rural youth

The present study on training needs assessment of the livestock farmers and rural youths of the North East Region was conducted by the Zonal Project Directorate (Zone III) in collaboration with the KVKs of the NE region. The result revealed that the training needs of the farmers and rural youths of different states varies according to the agro climatic regions, farming system prevalent, demography of the state etc. The result obtained from the present study helps the KVKs to identify the areas where the training programme has to be conducted on priority basis. Moreover, there is an urgent need to increase the number of trainings conducted by the KVKs in the field of livestock sector to bring about any visible change in the livestock productivity. During the year 2009-10 and 2010-11, 71 KVKs of North Eastern Region conducted 1801 and 2979 farmers training courses of which 223 (12.38 %) and 411 (13.79%) courses were in the field of livestock Production and management. The average number of trainings for farmers and rural youth conducted in livestock sector by each KVK came to 3.14 and 2 for the year 2009-10 and 5.78 and 2.11 for the year 2010-11. Even though considerable efforts have been made by KVKs in training of farmers and rural youths in different aspects of animal husbandry, there still remains a gap which needs to be addressed. The KVKs have to re-orient their trainings as well as increase the number of trainings based on these findings to reduce the existing technological and adoption gap among the livestock farmers of north east region.

2. Usage of bulls after deworming or vaccination: Effect of vaccination and deworming on the semen quality was quantified and prohibition of bull to be used for service after vaccination was also standardized. Vaccination had a devastating effect upto one month period. Application of deworming agent, Doramectin has a favourable effect on semen characteristics in treated versus control bulls.

3. Patent

3. (a). Germplasm registration:

i. Evaluation and registration of Ghungroo pig germplasm

I was actively involved for evaluation and characterization of indigenous pig germplasm in India. Under this initiative, farm based performance evaluation of Ghungroo has been carried out at ICAR-NRC on Pig. Ghungroo, an indigenous strain of pig, first reported from North Bengal is popular among the local people because of high prolificacy and ability to sustain in low input system. Field level animal selection of Ghungroo Pigs from farmers’ field of its native breeding tract, Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling District of West Bengal was conducted to find replacement stock of farm animals and proper evaluation of the germplasm. All the production, reproduction, adaptability and carcass traits were evaluated and documented.

Ghungroo pig delivering the highest litter size of 17 piglets maintained at the Institute farm has been reflected in success story of ICAR website (http://www.icar.org.in/en/node/2766).

Of the available local germplasm, ‘Ghungroo’, an indigenous breed of West Bengal (Accession No. INDIA_PIG_2100_GHOONGROO_09001) have been registered and documented with ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal database in collaboration with respective state department initiative.

ii. Evaluation and registration of Niang Megha pig germplasm

I was actively involved for evaluation and characterization of indigenous pig germplasm in India. Under this initiative, farm based performance evaluation of important indigenous germplasm of India, Niang-Megha has been carried out at ICAR-NRC on Pig. Niang Megha, an indigenous strain of pig, first reported from Meghalaya is popular among the local people because of high disease resiatance, taste and ability to sustain in low input system. Field level animal selection of Niang Megha Pigs from farmers’ field of its native breeding tract, Jaintia and Garo Hills of Meghalaya was conducted to find replacement stock of farm animals and proper evaluation of the germplasm. All the production, reproduction, adaptability and carcass traits were evaluated and documented for the breed.

Of the available local germplasm, ‘Niang Megha’ (Accession No. INDIA_PIG_1300_NIANGMEGHA_09002) have been registered and documented with ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal database in collaboration with respective state department initiative.

3.(b). Accession Number

I was a member of the team that submitted the following gene sequences to NCBI (Sus scrofa Nucleotide sequences)

S.No.	Gene/Receptor	Authors	Accession Number	Date accepted
	Sus scrofa isolate Ghoongroo 12S ribosomal RNA gene	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj,P.K. and Sahoo,M	KJ651276	21-JUN-2014
	Sus scrofa isolate Tenyi Vo 12S ribosomal RNA gene	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj,P.K. and Sahoo,M.	KJ651275	21-JUN-2014
	Sus scrofa isolate Niang Megha 12S ribosomal RNA gene	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj,P.K. and Sahoo,M.	KJ651274	21-JUN-2014
	Prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene (breed Hampshire X Assam local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947279	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene (breed Nagaland local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947278	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene (breed Niang Megha)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947277	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene (breed Ghungroo)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947276	23-APR-13
	Estrogen receptor (ESR) gene (breed Nagaland local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947275	23-APR-13
	Estrogen receptor (ESR) gene (breed Niang Megha)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947274	23-APR-13
	Estrogen receptor (ESR) gene (breed Ghungroo)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947273	23-APR-13
	Estrogen receptor (ESR) gene (breed Large White Yorkshire X Nagaland local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	HF947272	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor 96 aa protein (breed Hampshire X Assam local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	CCW28578	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor, partial 96 aa protein (breed Nagaland Local)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	CCW28577	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor, partial 96 aa protein (breed Niang Megha)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	CCW28576	23-APR-13
	Prolactin receptor, partial 96 aa protein (breed Ghungroo)	Naskar,S., Vashi,Y., Konwar,P., Borah,S., Pankaj,P.K., Pourouchottamane,R., Mahapatra,R.K., Banik,S. and Goswami,J.	CCW28575	23-APR-13
	Sus scrofa breed Ghungroo microsatellite S0155 sequence	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, M.	JQ342091	17-APR-2012
	Sus scrofa breed Niang Megha microsatellite S0155 sequence	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, M.	JQ342092	17-APR-2012
	Sus scrofa breed Niang Megha microsatellite S0002 sequence	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, M.	JQ396261	13-MAR-2012
	Sus scrofa breed Niang Megha microsatellite sequence at IGF 1 (5’ end)	Sahoo,N.R., Nesa,N., Das,A., Naskar,S., Banik,S., Pankaj, P.K. and Sahoo, M.	JQ396262	13-MAR-2012

Group-II. Products and Technologies

i. Products

1. Organic fodder production and certification: The organic fodder production was initiated with Co-4 fodder variety of Hybrid Napier for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA. The production level was 180-200Qtl/Ha. The CP% was 10 and TDN was 65% with 4% Ash content. Fodder plots were bestowed organic accreditation certificate by Aditi Organic Certifications (NPOP/NAB/0017) in 2014.

2. Organic meat production and certification: Confronted with the effects of environmental degradation, as well as with the increasing consciousness on animal welfare, the countries are searching for alternative livestock production systems, allowing for preservation of the environment and with a high standard of animal welfare without compromising food security and food safety. As a result, many consumers are seeking alternatives to conventionally produced meat. Organically produced meat is such an alternative to conventionally produced meat and the demand for this ‘organic meat’ is sharply increasing day by day in both developed and developing countries. India need to tap this opportunity for promoting business prospects in Animal Husbandry sector. Organically produced meat was slightly inferior to conventionally produced meat but it was free from chemical, pesticide or drug residue. Organic meat were produced for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA.

A mean live weight of 23.35 kg was obtained in ram lambs with average daily gain of 66.94g over a period of 6 months under organic rearing protocols. Mean carcass weight of 11.16 kg was obtained from organically reared ram lamb with dressing percentage of 46.53 and Meat: Bone ratio of 3.02: 1, which gave a deboned meat of 7.16 kgs per animal. Protein, fat, minerals and moisture content (%) of meat produced from ram lambs reared under organic protocols was 19.27± 1.13, 1.17± 0.24, 3.95± 0.11 and 74.26± 0.39, respectively. The cost of production of organic mutton was Rs.267 per kg excluding labour costs and which is little higher side as the cost of organic certified concentrate ingredients are much higher compared to inorganic ingredients.

3. in vivo methane estimation respiratory chambers for small ruminants:

Respiratory chambers were prepared using locally fabricated materials to quantify methane emission from sheep using gas chromatograph. Enteric emissions from the animals were measured using closed respiratory chamber method.

A small pump was placed inside the chamber and air samples from the chamber were collected from various heights at regular interval of 60 min in 24h duration. Air samples were collected in gas syringes, closed with airtight caps and sealed with parafilm.

After sampling, gas samples were analyzed on same day for methane concentration using a gas chromatograph (450-GC, BRUKER Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) with three detectors Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD) and Flame Ionization Detector (FID) with a 1041 PWOC Packed/Wide bore On-Column. Carrier gases were nitrogen (N₂), helium (He), hydrogen (H₂) and methane (CH₄) at 500 kPa (max 1000kPa), H₂ and air are detector fuel gases. The column ran a standard gas mixture (50.2 ppm CH₄in N₂, Sri Enterprises, India). Initially basal concentration of CH_4,N₂0 and CO₂ were measured and latter mean concentrations of these gases were measured at 60 minutes interval. The following formulae were used to quantify the CH_4,N₂0 and CO₂emissions from experimental animals.

Mean concentration (CH₄/N₂0/CO₂) above the basal = Mean concentration - basal concentration

Recovered CH₄/N₂0/CO₂ volume (L) = Mean CH₄/N₂0/CO₂ concentration above the basal (ppm) x Mean flow rate (L/min.) x test time (min.) x 10^-6

Recovered CH₄/N₂0/CO₂weight (g) = Recovered CH₄/N₂0/CO₂ volume (L) x 22.4 (L/mol) ÷ 16/44/44 (g/mol) assuming that 1 mol of CH₄/N₂0/CO₂gas is equivalent to 22.4 L and 16/44/44 g.

Determination of methane production was carried out at the end of experiment just before slaughtering. Methane level was determined by Gas Chromatograph (GC).

4. Polyherbal preparations as methane mitigation option: As a part of intention to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emission from ruminants, Polyherbal preparations were evaluated. All the polyherbal supplemented groups were significantly (p<0.05) efficient in reducing methane emission in an experiment carried out at ICAR-CRIDA. In control group, methane emission (L)/kg of Digestible Dry Matter Intake (DDMI) was 66.25 litres. However, a significant reduction by 17.35% was recorded in Ruchamax supplemented group (54.75L), 12.33% in AV/LMP/10 supplemented group (a coded herbal lean meat product) (58.21L) and 8.33% in AV/AGP/10 (a coded natural growth promoter product) supplemented group (60.73L).

II. Development of livestock variety for farmers:

1. Hampshire X Ghungroo (HG Cross) Pig, a new crossbred for multiplier:

A breeding programme was initiated by using Ghungroo as indigenous germplasm and Hampshire as exotic germplasm with the objective to develop a suitable crossbred line of pigs for breeding purpose to mitigate the lack of quality pig germplasm of the country. The criteria for fixing the quality pig germplasm was litter size, growth rate, adaptability and carcass characteristics. Intensive selection pressure was implied to both male and female lines of pigs to select best Hampshire sires and Ghungroo dams on the basis of previous records maintained at the ICAR-NRC on Pig farm. First generation crossbreeding of Ghungroo with Hampshire was carried out by natural mating or artificial insemination. Half of the males of F₁ generation (H₅₀G₅₀) were castrated for growth, development and pork characteristics study; while selection was practiced in other males for inter-se-mating. Intense selection was practiced in un-castrated males and female pigs of F₁ generation to develop inter-se-mated F₂ population. Subsequently, inter-se-mating was practiced to stabilize the characteristics of the developed line. The performance of different productive, reproductive, adaptive and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The average litter size of birth and weaning for the developed variety was observed as 9.86±0.25 and 8.81±0.54, respectively. The corresponding litter weight and individual weight at birth and weaning was 10.89±0.26 and 1.14±0.03 kg, and 59.88±1.92 and 6.93±0.27 kg, respectively. Age at first heat and age at first service was found to be 201.65±6.65 and 239.78±5.56 days, respectively. Pre- and post- weaning growth rate was 142.59±0.52 and 331.17±16.4 g/day. Slaughter weight at 8 months age was 71.56±1.06 Kg. Thus litter size improvement was about 35-40% as compared to traditional pigs maintained in the field conditions. Growth rate was improved by almost 40-45%. Adaptability of the breed was excellent for the region as pre and post weaning mortality was found to be 5.2 and 4.83%, respectively. Among the carcass traits, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass length, loin eye area and back fat thickness at 10th rib was observed as 66.47 ±4.22 kg, 74.00 ±0.98%, 92.88 ±4.44 cm, 4.63 ±0.32 sq. inch and 1.98 ±0.27 cm, respectively.

The developed variety has been distributed through Institute Village Linking Programe (IVLP) for field evaluation. Developed HG cross also propagated to different AICRP centers, State/Central Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra and state department farms for further evaluation. Looking to its high potential, artificial insemination by using semen of developed variety has been initiated in farmers’ field and more than 23000 piglets have been produced. The variety is well accepted by the commercial rearers because of its satisfactory performances. It is expected that the cross will be able to partly address the requirement of superior pig germplasm of the country.

2. Development of a potential three-way cross (HGD Cross) pig for finisher producers

To mitigate the gap between demand and supply of quality pork and pork products, a breeding programme was initiated at ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig farm to develop finisher pig (HGD Cross) by crossing HG Cross (Hampshire X Ghungroo) with Duroc as terminal sire. The productive, reproductive and adaptive characters of developed population of HG Cross were stabilized by of inter-se-mating. Selection of superior HG Cross female pigs was carried out in the institute farm. Subsequently, selected population was crossed with Duroc males. Duroc was chosen as terminal sire due to its high potential for lean meat production with superior growth performance. There is growing consciousness among pork eaters about lean meat as the region is endowed with more than 90% non-vegetarian. The HGD Cross has been studied with respect to growth, carcass and adaptive characteristics. This variety showed promising pre- and post-weaning growth rate. The pre- and post-weaning growth rate was observed as 173.19±9.19 and 379.23±22.15 g/d, respectively. Weaning (6 wks) and slaughter weight (8 m) was observed as 8.03±0.40 and 76.26±5.02 kg, respectively. Pre- and post-weaning mortality was found to be as 2.0 and 4.0 percent, respectively. The hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass length, back fat thickness and loin-eye area of the developed variety was observed as 70.26 ±1.28 kg, 75.74 ±0.63%, 113.8 ±3.52 cm, 2.346 ±0.08 cm and 4.72 ±0.51 sq. inch, respectively. Developed HGD cross has been undergoing field validation. The animals showed significantly higher body weight and high pre- and post-weaning growth rate. Interim performance appraisal of this cross indicates enough promise to meet the demand of finisher pig producers for superior stock which may narrow the demand-supply gap.

III. Development of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP):

Following SOPs were developed for pig rearers of India which was extensively used by farmers of N-E states.

a. Creep ration standardization: Three types of Iso-caloric (2775 ME) creep ration with varying crude protein (20 to 24% CP) were tested for developing the economic and efficient creep ration for pig. The best creep ration was found to be having 24% CP and 2775 ME whose consumption exhibited superior growth rate, less mortality rate and additional profit of Rs.265.80 as compared to creep ration containing 22% CP and an additional profit of Rs.139.80 as compared to creep ration containing 20% CP.

b. Flushing up ration standardisation: As per the results obtained from the experiments on Ghungroo pigs, flushing up ration need to be supplemented 10 days before expected date of service and should be continued for 2 days after service. The offering rate of concentrate (16% CP and 1600 ME) in addition to maintenance diet was standardized as 250.0 gms for first to third day, 500.0 gms for forth to sixth day and 750.0 gms from seventh to tenth day before expected date of service which need to be continued for 2 days after service. This treatment has resulted into an additional profit of Rs.696.82 per sow.

c. Steaming up ration standardisation: As per the results obtained from the experiment on Ghungroo pigs, steaming up ration need to be supplemented 21 days before expected date of farrowing. The offering rate of concentrate (16% CP and 1600 ME) in addition to maintenance diet was standardized as 250.0 gms for first week, 400.0 gms for second week and 500.0 gms for third week before expected date of farrowing. This treatment has resulted into an additional profit of Rs.1029.50 per sow.

d. Milk yield and composition, formulation of milk replacer: Milk yield and composition of sow milk was determined for the first time in India. This study suggested suitable milk replacer to be made for piglets, as piglet mortality from a large litter size due to insufficient milk yield is a common problem. In the similar line, fortified soyabean based milk replacer was formulated to reduce the piglet mortality.

e. Hormonal profile of indigenous pigs: Hormonal, enzymatic and haematological profile of Indigenous pig (Ghungroo and Meghalaya Local) was standardized for the first time in India. The same have been correlated with their behavioural manifestation. Also, the reason for early sexual maturity in Meghalaya Local breed was answered.

f. Standardization of weaning age: Our team has developed the standard age of piglet when they may be weaned in various breeds of pig (6 weeks in exotic and 7-8 weeks in indigenous). This standardization will improve the economic pig production system under prevailing system of management. Record litter size of 17 was observed in Ghungroo pig which was displayed and appreciated by ICAR website also. This weaning system has shown a profit of Rs.1292 in Ghungroo, Rs.1895 in Niang Megha, Rs.2613.5 in Hampshire and Rs.2960 in Duroc breed management.

ii. Technologies

1. Building Database of livestock production system

1.(a). Climograph of North-Eastern Region of India: A metereological station using Automatic Weather Station was established at NRC on Pig, Rani, Guwahati for taking regular meteorological data. Climograph of different regions of North-Eastern Region of India were developed using long term variable data (10-30 years) of temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. Hourly Temperature Humidity Index (THI) for round the year has been developed to quantify the stress and to correlate it with production performance of pig.

1.(b). Database of animal husbandry practices in North-Eastern Region of India: A survey has been conducted using various PRA tools to make a database of animal husbandry practices (breeding, feeding, housing, management and disease control) in selected districts of Assam and Meghalaya of North-Eastern region of India and the same was doucumented in Annual Report of Network Project on Adaptation and facilitation of livestock to impending climatic changes through shelter management. For the first time, extensive survey was carried out in NE states involving farmers of the NE region to study the animal production system and to identify the problems in piggery sector.

1.(c). Economic Analysis of Dairy Farming in Rural Areas of Mahakoshal Region of Madhya Pradesh: Dairy farming practices of Mahakoshal region was documented. Labour management and its standards were also developed and results have been submitted as a report to I.G.N.O.U., New Delhi.

1.(d). Livestock production system in dryland: Extensive survey was carried out using pre-tested questionnaire in selected district of A.P., Telangana, Maharashtra and Karnataka. Collection and analysis of feed samples from farmer’s field in selected districts was done to understand the production dynamics in dryland area. It suggested that most of livestock rearers belong to small and marginal farmers as per land holding pattern. Average age of farming community engaged in livestock rearing is very high (>45Yrs) suggesting that youths are not finding it lucrative. About 20-25% of farm produce is used by livestock, however, more than 60% are being sold outside by livestock rearing farmers. Large land holders are keeping large ruminants, however small land holders are preferring small ruminants and large ruminants are acting as status symbol also. Backyard fodder production is gaining momentum by small farmers and about 5% of them are using it. In these selected areas of dryland region, diversification using livestock was able to improve livelihood option and profitability by 25-50% in the farmers having 1-1.5 Ha of land. The areas with chronic dry spells prefer small ruminant using agro-waste as major feeding resource.

2. Ready reckoners for various stakeholders:

2.(a). Dentition pattern in indigenous pig: Dentition pattern of Ghungroo pig has been documented for the FIRST TIME IN INDIA. The same have been published in Indian Veterinary Journal.

2.(b). Udder Morphometry in relation to bulk tank and individual animal somatic cell count for assessment of sub-clinical mastitis in bovines: Assessment of sub-clinical mastitis on the basis of somatic cell count (SCC) was established as well as predisposing factor for mastitis based on morphometry was standardized which will also act as guideline for selection of animals. Culling of animal on the basis of type of teat was suggested. Similarly haematological and biochemical parameters in various stages of dairy animals were documented and published.

Ultimately, this has made UDDER SCORING SYSTEM for selection of milking animals.

3. Coat colour as a guide to thermo-tolerance and selection of animals

All three breeds of sheep in dryland region (Deccani, Nellore and crossbreds) were evaluated for thermo-tolerance. Dark colored sheep (Deccani) were under more stress compared to the rest, thus it was suggested that light coloured breeds of sheep are superior in terms of thermo-tolerance.

4. Polyherbal formulations for methane mitigation in small ruminants

As a part of intention to reduce Green House Gas (GHG) emission from ruminants, Polyherbal preparations were evaluated. All the polyherbal supplemented groups were significantly (p<0.05) efficient in reducing methane emission in an experiment carried out at ICAR-CRIDA. In control group, methane emission (L)/kg of Digestible Dry Matter Intake (DDMI) was 66.25 litres. However, a significant reduction by 17.35% was recorded in Ruchamax supplemented group (54.75L), 12.33% in AV/LMP/10 supplemented group (a coded herbal lean meat product) (58.21L) and 8.33% in AV/AGP/10 (a coded natural growth promoter product) supplemented group (60.73L).

5. Anti-oxidants for thermo-tolerance in small ruminants

Anti-oxidants supplementation can built up thermo-tolerance in small ruminants and may help in mitigating the seasonal stress. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of sun-shine durations on anti-oxidant enzymes and finding suitable nutrient supplement to combat the adverse effect, if any. Twenty four Deccani females were divided randomly into four groups of similar overall body weight (viz., Control (C), T₁ (3ml of 10% Zinc Sulphate), T₂ (1ml of 0.1% Selenium) and T₃ (60mg Vitamin E daily)) and reared under semi-intensive conditions at Hayathnagar Research Farm of Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India. Superior body weight was achieved in supplemented groups than control which was explained by significantly (p<0.05) less rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate in supplemented groups. In SS-wise analysis (group-I: 120 to 160 hrs, group-II: 160 to 200 hrs and group-III; More than 200 hrs), performance of supplemented group of animals was superior than that of control animals in terms of all physical (20% vs 30% increase in body weight), physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters. Bio-molecular analysis using catalase (51% vs 150%) and lipid peroxidase enzymes (15% vs 30%) suggested superior adaption of supplemented sheep to environmental stress.

6. Extensive vs intensive production system

Under field conditions, three types of production system exists, viz., extensive, semi-intensive and intensive. Research experiments concluded that Deccani sheep were found to be well adapted to intensive system of rearing as compared to extensive system of rearing owing to achievement of superior body weight and most efficient utilization of feed.

Fig-1. Relative feed conversion efficiency of various systems of sheep production

7. Serum lysozyme gene, a marker for breed identification in buffaloes

Serum lysozyme gene of Indian riverine buffalo was was undertaken to identify single nucleotide polymorphic patterns by Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) method. They were characterised by sequencing. Lysozyme gene was found to be sufficiently polymorphic in various breeds of Indian riverine buffalo. The gene and genotype frequency of lysozyme are different in different breeds of buffaloes available at different locations of India. The presence and absence of particular genotype can be utilized as a marker for breed identification.

8. Role of antioxidants for preservation of bovine semen

Bovine semen are very sensitive to environmental variables once exposed. So, there is need to improve their shelf life at room temperature for insemination immediately after ejacularion, at refrigerated temperature for insemination under field conditions and at ultra low temperature for preservation. To meet all these objectives, role of antioxidants like Pentoxifylline, Theophylline, Theobromine, BHT and BHA were studied. It was confirmed that BHT, Pentoxifylline and Theophylline supplementation in the semen extender can improve the shelf life of bovine semen.

9. Critical Control Points (CCP) for bovine semen processing and preservation

Various critical control points in semen collection to disposal were identified, viz., sterilization of collection tube by Microwave oven method, superiority of Millipore filtered water (0 to 3 days) than triple distilled water, autoclaving of buffer, processing room temperature between 22 to 24°C, pH and osmolality between pH 6.5 and osmolality 1220 to1280 mOsmol/Kg for glycerolated Plant Based Extender), etc. which if followed properly can improve the quality of semen dispersed to field level by 20-25%. This will also be helpful in establishment of model artificial insemination laboratory.

10. Muzzle printometry for age, body weight and performance assessment

Muzzle printometry was thought to be one of the non-invasive technology to predict age, body weight and performances of cattle. Various linear muzzle measurements were found to be changing with age, body weight and performances. It can predict the age of crossbreds upto R²=80.88% and body weight upto 91.79%. Distance of upper part of muzzle covering black area in length was most varied with age, however, distance between right and left base of muzzle varied most with the body weight. Any of the linear muzzle measurements can predict the production traits and reproductive traits with R² more than 75%.

11.Innovative mechanism to reduce buffalo calf mortality

Calves at the time of birth are endowed with innate immunite and later on develop the acquired immunity as a result of exposure to the micro-molecules. The specific antigens activate specific T and B lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies to counter the micro-molecules. On the basis of our observations, it was concluded the decisive role of CD₂₀ lymphocytes in reducing their internal defense leading to high mortality in buffalo calves. Even after administration of neem oil, the alteration in the number of CD₂₀ indicates their decisive role in making internal defense and reducing the rate of mortality in neonatal buffalo calves.

12. Good Management Practices (GMP) for improved pig production and management

Following GMPs were developed for pig rearers of India which was extensively used by farmers of N-E states.

a. Creep ration standardization: Three types of Iso-caloric (2775 ME) creep ration with varying crude protein (20 to 24% CP) were tested for developing the economic and efficient creep ration for pig. The best creep ration was found to be having 24% CP and 2775 ME whose consumption exhibited superior growth rate, less mortality rate and additional profit of Rs.265.80 as compared to creep ration containing 22% CP and an additional profit of Rs.139.80 as compared to creep ration containing 20% CP.

b. Flushing up ration standardisation: As per the results obtained from the experiments on Ghungroo pigs, flushing up ration need to be supplemented 10 days before expected date of service and should be continued for 2 days after service. The offering rate of concentrate (16% CP and 1600 ME) in addition to maintenance diet was standardized as 250.0 gms for first to third day, 500.0 gms for forth to sixth day and 750.0 gms from seventh to tenth day before expected date of service which need to be continued for 2 days after service. This treatment has resulted into an additional profit of Rs.696.82 per sow.

c. Steaming up ration standardisation: As per the results obtained from the experiment on Ghungroo pigs, steaming up ration need to be supplemented 21 days before expected date of farrowing. The offering rate of concentrate (16% CP and 1600 ME) in addition to maintenance diet was standardized as 250.0 gms for first week, 400.0 gms for second week and 500.0 gms for third week before expected date of farrowing. This treatment has resulted into an additional profit of Rs.1029.50 per sow.

d. Milk yield and composition, formulation of milk replacer: Milk yield and composition of sow milk was determined for the first time in India. This study suggested suitable milk replacer to be made for piglets, as piglet mortality from a large litter size due to insufficient milk yield is a common problem. In the similar line, fortified soyabean based milk replacer was formulated to reduce the piglet mortality.

e. Hormonal profile of indigenous pigs: Hormonal, enzymatic and haematological profile of Indigenous pig (Ghungroo and Meghalaya Local) was standardized for the first time in India. The same have been correlated with their behavioural manifestation. Also, the reason for early sexual maturity in Meghalaya Local breed was answered.

f. Standardization of weaning age: Our team has developed the standard age of piglet when they may be weaned in various breeds of pig (6 weeks in exotic and 7-8 weeks in indigenous). This standardization will improve the economic pig production system under prevailing system of demanagement. Record litter size of 17 was observed in Ghungroo pig which was displayed and appreciated by ICAR website also. This weaning system has shown a profit of Rs.1292 in Ghungroo, Rs.1895 in Niang Megha, Rs.2613.5 in Hampshire and Rs.2960 in Duroc breed management.

Students Guided:

one M.Sc. (Biotechnology) student, Mr. H. C. Das from Andhra Loyola College under Osmania University, Hyderabad for working on the project entitled “Role of certain minerals in amelioration of thermal stress in Deccani sheep” and submitted thesis in April, 2014.

Guided one M.Sc. (Biotechnology) student from Andhra Loyola College, Mr. N. Venkata Raju under Osmania University, Hyderabad for working on the project entitled “Study on intensification in small ruminant management affecting production, physiology and bio-molecular expression” and submitted thesis in September 2012.

Awards & honors

Conferred Fellowship of United Writers’ Association
Conferred Fellowship of International Congress of Entomology and Zoology Studies
Conferred J.N.K.V.V. gold medal award owing to securing highest marks in the University
Conferred Pfizer gold medal award for the overall performance during B.V.Sc. & A.H.
Awarded travel fellowship award from Centre for International Co-operation in Science(CICS), Chennai for presenting a paper entitled at Chiang Mai, Thialand.
Merit Scholarship towards securing highest marks in the university by J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur from 1995-2000.
Merit Institute Fellowship for pursuing M.V.Sc. (LPM) in Dairying at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
Merit Institute Fellowship for pursuing Ph.D. (LPM) in Dairying at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
Appreciation award from Government of India by Indian Army, Guwahati, Assam.
Best paper award conferred by Indian Dairy Association, New Delhi.
Conferred Joint Secretary of the College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur on the basis of merit in 1996.
Conferred Vice-President of the College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur on the basis of merit in 1997.
Conferred President of the College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur on the basis of merit in 1998.
Editor of Journal of Production, Research and Management, STM Journal, India
Associate Editor of Veterinary Science Research, http//www.bioinfo.in/journals.php, Bioinfo Publications, Germany (ISSN:0976-996X & E-ISSN: 0976-9978)
Executive Member, Swine Production Society of India (Registration no. JR/S.P.S.I-40/08 of 2008).
Editorial board member of The Indian Journal of Dryland Agricultural Research and Development (IJDARD) for 2 years (2014-16).
Conferred Advisory Board Membership of World Research Journal of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science (Membership No. 29E1EC003F).
Bagged best oral presentation award as presenting author at the International Livestock Conference & Expo and 23rd Annual Convention, ISAPM-2016 on “INnovative Designs and Implements for Global Environment and entrepreneurial Needs Optimizing Utilitarian Sources (INDIGENOUS) at Hyderabad from 28-31^st January, 2016 (Citation: Pankaj, P.K., Ramana, D.B.V., Rao, Ch. Srinivasa, Rani, R., Nikhila, M., Das, H.C. and Nirmala, G. 2016. Antioxidants as effective nutrient supplementation to combat the variable sunshine related stress under semi-arid dryland region in Deccani females).
Bagged best oral presentation award as co-author at the International conference on "Good Governance in Agricultural Extension" from 3-4^th September, 2015 at CGG, Hyderabad (Citation: Nirmala, G., Ravishankar, K., Nagasri, K., Pankaj, P.K., Prasad, M.S. and Srinivasa Rao, Ch. 2015. Gender sensitive research and extension under climate variability: A participatory methodology for assessment of vulnerability and adaptation in agriculture).
Bagged best oral presentation award in the National Symposium on “Climate change and Indian agriculture: Slicing down the uncertainties” by Indian Society of Agrometeorology from January 22-23, 2013 at CRIDA, Hyderabad for the article authored by D.B.V. Ramana, P.K. Pankaj, M. Nikhila, Rita Rani and D. Sudheer, entitled “Productivity and physiological responses of sheep exposed to heat stress”.
Bagged Best Poster Presentation Award for poster presented at the National seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.
Bagged Best Oral Presentation Award for poster presented at the National seminar on "New dimensional approaches for livestock productivity and profitability enhancement under era of climate change" at C.V.Sc.&A.H., A.A.U., Anand, Gujarat during January 28-30, 2014.