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Research Article

volume 43 issue 4 (august 2020) : 568-572,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4077

Crop diversification of predominant Pearl millet based cropping system for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and profitability in Semi-Arid Rajasthan

R
R. Sammauria
O
O.P. Meena
M
M.R. Yadav
K
K.C. Gupta
A
A.K. Gupta
H
H.L. Yadav
1Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute Durgapura, Jaipur-302 018, Rajasthan, India.

  • Submitted04-09-2018|

  • Accepted10-12-2018|

  • First Online 13-02-2019|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-4077

Cite article:- Sammauria R., Meena O.P., Yadav M.R., Gupta K.C., Gupta A.K., Yadav H.L. (2019). Crop diversification of predominant Pearl millet based cropping system for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and profitability in Semi-Arid Rajasthan. Legume Research. 43(4): 568-572. doi: 10.18805/LR-4077.

ABSTRACT

Continuous adoption of Pearl millet-Wheat cropping system led to reduction in productivity which put a serious threat to its sustainability in semi-arid eastern plain zone of Rajasthan, India. Crop diversification with wider choice with a variety of crops is being promoted as an alternative to profit maximization with enhanced soil fertility status. Therefore, a long term experiment was initiated to evaluate the production potential, sustainability, resource-use efficiency and economics of nine Pearl millet based cropping systems. Result revealed that system productivity in terms of pearl millet equivalent yield (PMEY) was highest (30488 kg ha-1) with groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Moreover, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion recorded the highest SYI and land use efficiency (0.65 and 73.97%) followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley sequence (0.63 and 65.75%). The groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion also generated highest number of man days/ha/year (405). The highest values of organic carbon were found under green gram-mustard-pearl millet-lentil and cluster bean-pea-pearl millet-lentil. The maximum value of available P was recorded with cluster bean-mustard-green gram-garden cress followed by the groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion sequence. Available K decreased significantly from their initial values in all the cropping systems except groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Among the various systems, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion realized the highest net returns ( 213000 ha-1), followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley ( 163254 ha-1). Overall, it can be concluded that under the semi-arid agro climatic conditions of Rajasthan, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion, followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley, were more productive, sustainable, resource use efficient and remunerative than other cropping systems.

REFERENCES

  1. Anderson, R.I. (2005). Are some crops synergistic to following crops? Agron. J. 97(1):7–10.
  2. Bastia, D.K., Garnayak, L.M. and Barik, T. (2008). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and economics. Indian J Agron. 53(1):22–26.
  3. Gill, M.S. and Ahlawat, I.P.S. (2006). Crop diversification – its role towards sustainability and profitability. Indian J Fertil. 2(9):125–138.
  4. Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A., (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. John Wiley & Sons. 
  5. Guggari, A.K. and Kalaghatagi, S.B. (2004). Effect of in situ moisture conservation techniques on pearl millet in medium black soil under dry land conditions. J Farming Syst Res Dev. 10(1):22–28.
  6. Jat, R.A., Dungrani, R.A., Arvadia, M.K. and Sahrawat, K.L. (2012). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and economic returns in south Gujarat, India. Arch. Agron Soil Sci. 58(6):61-572.
  7. Kumar, A., Tripathi, H.P., Yadav, R.A. and Yadav, S.R. (2008). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system for sustainable production in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Agron. 53(1):18–21.
  8. Mishra, M.M., Nanda, S.S., Mohanty, M., Pradhan, K.C. and Mishra, S.S. (2007). Crop diversification under rice based cropping system in western Orissa. In: Extended Summaries of the 3rdNational Symposium on Integrated Farming Systems; 2007 Oct 26–28; Durgapura, India.Meerut (India): Project Directorate for Cropping System Research, Modipuram.
  9. Parihar, C.M., Yadav, M.R., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, B., Pradhan, S., Chakraborty, D., et al (2016). Long term effect of conservation agriculture in maize rotations on total organic carbon, physical and biological properties of a sandy loam soil in north-    western Indo-Gangetic Plains. Soil Till Res. 161:116–28.
  10. Parihar, C.M., Yadav, M.R., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, B., Pooniya, V., Pradhan, S., et al (2017). Long term conservation agriculture and intensified cropping systems: effect on growth, yield, water and energy-use efficiency of maize in North-    Western India. Pedosphere, DOI:10.1016/S1002-0160(17) 60468-5.
  11. Patil, E.N., Jowale, S. and Mahayan, M.S. (1995). Production potential, economics and fertility status of soil as influenced by wheat-    based cropping system. Indian J Agron. 40:544–548.
  12. Sharma, A.K., Thakur, N.P., Koushal, S. and Kachroo, D. (2007). Profitable and energy efficient rice based cropping system under subtropical irrigated conditions of Jammu. In: Extended summaries of the 3rd National Symposium on Integrated Farming Systems; 2007 Oct 26–28; Durgapura, India. Meerut (India): Project Directorate for Cropping System Research, Modipuram.
  13. Sharma, R.P., Pathak, S.K., Haque, M. and Raman, K.R. (2004). Diversification of traditional rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems for sustainable production in south Bihar alluvial plains. Indian J Agron. 49(4):218–222. 
  14. Timsina, J. and Connor, D.J. (2001). Productivity and management of rice–wheat cropping systems: issues and challenges. Field Crops Res. 69:93–132.
  15. Tomar, S.S. and Tiwari, A.S. (1990). Production potential and economics of different cropping sequences. Indian J Agron. 35(1):30–35.
  16. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, D., Pooniya, V., Parihar, M.D., et al (2016). Effect of long-term tillage and diversified crop rotations on nutrient uptake, profitability and energetics of maize (Zea mays) in north-western India. Indian J Agri. Sci. 86 (6):743–9.
  17. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, R., Yadav, R.K., Kuri, B.R., et al (2017a). Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-    Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Legume Res. 40 (2):282-90. 
  18. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, R., Yadav, R.K., Parihar, M.D., et al (2017b). Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Legume Res. 40(6):1028-37. 
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    Research Article

    volume 43 issue 4 (august 2020) : 568-572,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4077

    Crop diversification of predominant Pearl millet based cropping system for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and profitability in Semi-Arid Rajasthan

    R
    R. Sammauria
    O
    O.P. Meena
    M
    M.R. Yadav
    K
    K.C. Gupta
    A
    A.K. Gupta
    H
    H.L. Yadav
    1Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute Durgapura, Jaipur-302 018, Rajasthan, India.

    • Submitted04-09-2018|

    • Accepted10-12-2018|

    • First Online 13-02-2019|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-4077

    Cite article:- Sammauria R., Meena O.P., Yadav M.R., Gupta K.C., Gupta A.K., Yadav H.L. (2019). Crop diversification of predominant Pearl millet based cropping system for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and profitability in Semi-Arid Rajasthan. Legume Research. 43(4): 568-572. doi: 10.18805/LR-4077.

    ABSTRACT

    Continuous adoption of Pearl millet-Wheat cropping system led to reduction in productivity which put a serious threat to its sustainability in semi-arid eastern plain zone of Rajasthan, India. Crop diversification with wider choice with a variety of crops is being promoted as an alternative to profit maximization with enhanced soil fertility status. Therefore, a long term experiment was initiated to evaluate the production potential, sustainability, resource-use efficiency and economics of nine Pearl millet based cropping systems. Result revealed that system productivity in terms of pearl millet equivalent yield (PMEY) was highest (30488 kg ha-1) with groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Moreover, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion recorded the highest SYI and land use efficiency (0.65 and 73.97%) followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley sequence (0.63 and 65.75%). The groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion also generated highest number of man days/ha/year (405). The highest values of organic carbon were found under green gram-mustard-pearl millet-lentil and cluster bean-pea-pearl millet-lentil. The maximum value of available P was recorded with cluster bean-mustard-green gram-garden cress followed by the groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion sequence. Available K decreased significantly from their initial values in all the cropping systems except groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Among the various systems, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion realized the highest net returns ( 213000 ha-1), followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley ( 163254 ha-1). Overall, it can be concluded that under the semi-arid agro climatic conditions of Rajasthan, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion, followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley, were more productive, sustainable, resource use efficient and remunerative than other cropping systems.

    REFERENCES

    1. Anderson, R.I. (2005). Are some crops synergistic to following crops? Agron. J. 97(1):7–10.
    2. Bastia, D.K., Garnayak, L.M. and Barik, T. (2008). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and economics. Indian J Agron. 53(1):22–26.
    3. Gill, M.S. and Ahlawat, I.P.S. (2006). Crop diversification – its role towards sustainability and profitability. Indian J Fertil. 2(9):125–138.
    4. Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A., (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. John Wiley & Sons. 
    5. Guggari, A.K. and Kalaghatagi, S.B. (2004). Effect of in situ moisture conservation techniques on pearl millet in medium black soil under dry land conditions. J Farming Syst Res Dev. 10(1):22–28.
    6. Jat, R.A., Dungrani, R.A., Arvadia, M.K. and Sahrawat, K.L. (2012). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and economic returns in south Gujarat, India. Arch. Agron Soil Sci. 58(6):61-572.
    7. Kumar, A., Tripathi, H.P., Yadav, R.A. and Yadav, S.R. (2008). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system for sustainable production in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Agron. 53(1):18–21.
    8. Mishra, M.M., Nanda, S.S., Mohanty, M., Pradhan, K.C. and Mishra, S.S. (2007). Crop diversification under rice based cropping system in western Orissa. In: Extended Summaries of the 3rdNational Symposium on Integrated Farming Systems; 2007 Oct 26–28; Durgapura, India.Meerut (India): Project Directorate for Cropping System Research, Modipuram.
    9. Parihar, C.M., Yadav, M.R., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, B., Pradhan, S., Chakraborty, D., et al (2016). Long term effect of conservation agriculture in maize rotations on total organic carbon, physical and biological properties of a sandy loam soil in north-    western Indo-Gangetic Plains. Soil Till Res. 161:116–28.
    10. Parihar, C.M., Yadav, M.R., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, B., Pooniya, V., Pradhan, S., et al (2017). Long term conservation agriculture and intensified cropping systems: effect on growth, yield, water and energy-use efficiency of maize in North-    Western India. Pedosphere, DOI:10.1016/S1002-0160(17) 60468-5.
    11. Patil, E.N., Jowale, S. and Mahayan, M.S. (1995). Production potential, economics and fertility status of soil as influenced by wheat-    based cropping system. Indian J Agron. 40:544–548.
    12. Sharma, A.K., Thakur, N.P., Koushal, S. and Kachroo, D. (2007). Profitable and energy efficient rice based cropping system under subtropical irrigated conditions of Jammu. In: Extended summaries of the 3rd National Symposium on Integrated Farming Systems; 2007 Oct 26–28; Durgapura, India. Meerut (India): Project Directorate for Cropping System Research, Modipuram.
    13. Sharma, R.P., Pathak, S.K., Haque, M. and Raman, K.R. (2004). Diversification of traditional rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems for sustainable production in south Bihar alluvial plains. Indian J Agron. 49(4):218–222. 
    14. Timsina, J. and Connor, D.J. (2001). Productivity and management of rice–wheat cropping systems: issues and challenges. Field Crops Res. 69:93–132.
    15. Tomar, S.S. and Tiwari, A.S. (1990). Production potential and economics of different cropping sequences. Indian J Agron. 35(1):30–35.
    16. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, D., Pooniya, V., Parihar, M.D., et al (2016). Effect of long-term tillage and diversified crop rotations on nutrient uptake, profitability and energetics of maize (Zea mays) in north-western India. Indian J Agri. Sci. 86 (6):743–9.
    17. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, R., Yadav, R.K., Kuri, B.R., et al (2017a). Long term effect of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on productivity and profitability of maize vis-a-vis soil fertility in North-    Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Legume Res. 40 (2):282-90. 
    18. Yadav, M.R., Parihar, C.M., Jat, S.L., Singh, A.K., Kumar, R., Yadav, R.K., Parihar, M.D., et al (2017b). Impact of legume intensified crop rotations and tillage practices on maize productivity vis-à-vis C and N dynamics of a sandy loam soil in north-western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Legume Res. 40(6):1028-37. 
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