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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 34 issue 4 (december 2011) : 251 - 258

EFFECT OF RHIZOBIUM, FARM YARD MANURE AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND PROFITABILITY OF RAJMASH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DRY TEMPERATE REGION OF NORTH- WESTERN HIMALAYAS

R
Rakesh Sharma
M
M.L. Verma
1Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Krishi Vigyan Kednra, Kinnaur – 172 107 India.

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Sharma Rakesh, Verma M.L. (2025). EFFECT OF RHIZOBIUM, FARM YARD MANURE AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND PROFITABILITY OF RAJMASH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DRY TEMPERATE REGION OF NORTH- WESTERN HIMALAYAS. Legume Research. 34(4): 251 - 258. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Effect of using Rhizobium, farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizers on plant growth, yield attributes, yield of rajmash and nutrient build up in soil was studied under field conditions. Rhizobium inoculation and application of FYM and chemical fertilizers had significantly increased the plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, yield and net returns over controls. Application of K @ 30 kg ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizers significantly increased the yield of rajmash by 34.8% and the observed response in terms of seed yield was 21.6 kg per kg of K applied. Highest growth, yield attributes and seed yield were recorded with application of 40 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P ha-1 and 30 kg K ha-1, with an increase of 58.8% in yield over recommended dose of fertilizers. Maximum net returns (Rs 78,705) was also recorded under the same treatment. The yield of 3270 kg ha-1 was observed in the interaction treatment in which Rhizobium inoculated seeds were used in conjunction with 5 t FYM and 40 kg N, 60 kg P and 30 kg K ha-1. Maximum soil organic carbon (13.5 g kg-1) and the highest available N, P, K contents (380, 98, 230 kg ha-1, respectively) were observed under the combined use of Rhizobium and FYM along with chemical fertilizers (40 kg N, 60 kg P and 30 kg K ha-1) after completion of the experiment, which indicated the build up of available soil nutrients over other treatments including recommended dose of fertilizers.

REFERENCES

  1. Dutt N, Sharma R. P. and Sharma, G. D. (2003). Effect of supplementary use of farm yard manner along with chemical fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake by vegetable pea (Pisum sativum var arvense) and build up of soil fertility in Lahul Valley of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 73: 266-68.
  2. Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.
  3. Merwin, H. D. and Peech, M. (1951). Exchangeability of soil potassium in sand, silt and clay fractions as influenced by nature and complementary exchangeable cation. Soil Science Soc. Amer. Proc. 15: 125-28.
  4. Miller, M. H., Mitchell, P. W., Stypa, A. and Barry, D. A. (1987). Effects of nutrient availability and subsoil bulk density in corn yield and nutrient absorption. Canadian J. Soil Sci. 6: 281-92.
  5. Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. W., Watanabe, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with 0.5 NaHCO3 (pH 8.5). United States Department of Agriculture Circular 939: Washington DC, USA.
  6. Parmar, D. K, Sharma, T. R., Saini, J. P. and Sharma, V. (1999). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to nitrogen and phosphorus in cold desert area of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Agron. 44(4): 787-90.
  7. Parmar, D. K. (2009). Integrated nutrient management for sustainable production and profitability of off season vegetables in cold arid region of Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57(3): 378-81.
  8. Prasad, B. (1994). Integrated nutrient management for sustainable agriculture. Fertilizer News 39: 19-25.
  9. Rana, S. S., Sood, P., Singh, Y. and Remeshwar (2003). Response of Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to potassium under dry temperate conditions of Himachal Pradesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 29 (1&2): 16-20.
  10. Sharma, R. P., Datt, N. and Sharma, Pritam K. (2003). Combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and farm yard manure in onion (Allium cepa) under high hills, dry temperate conditions of north-western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 73: 225-27.
  11. Sharma, R. P., Akhilesh and Sharma, J. K. (2005). Productivity, nutrient uptake, soil fertility and economics as affected by chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure in broccoli (Brassica oleracca var talica) in an Entisol. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 75: 576-79.
  12. Sharma, R. P., Datt, Naveen and Chander, Girish. (2009). Effect of vermicompost, farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) – Onion (Allium cepa) sequence in wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57 (3): 357-61.
  13. Singh, S. R., Bhat, M. I., Wani, J. A. and Najar, G. R. (2009). Role of Rhizobium and VAM fungi improvement in fertility and yield of green gram under temperate conditions. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57 (1): 45-52.
  14. Sinha,, N. P., Prasad, B. and Ghosh, A. B. (1981). Effect of continuous use of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake in wheat in wheat- soybean-potato cropping system. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 29 (4): 537-42.
  15. Subbiah, B. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A Rapid procedure for estimation of available nitrogen in soils. current Science, 25 (8) : 259-260.
  16. Thakur, R. N., Arya, P. S. and Thakur, S. K. (1999). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties to fertilizer levels, Rhizobium inoculatun and their residual effect on onion (Allium cepa) in mid hills of north-western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agronomy 44: 416-418.
  17. Verma, V. S. and Saxena, K. K. (1995). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to graded dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in silty loam soil of central Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Agron. 40 (1): 67-71.
  18. Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
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    volume 34 issue 4 (december 2011) : 251 - 258

    EFFECT OF RHIZOBIUM, FARM YARD MANURE AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND PROFITABILITY OF RAJMASH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DRY TEMPERATE REGION OF NORTH- WESTERN HIMALAYAS

    R
    Rakesh Sharma
    M
    M.L. Verma
    1Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Krishi Vigyan Kednra, Kinnaur – 172 107 India.

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Sharma Rakesh, Verma M.L. (2025). EFFECT OF RHIZOBIUM, FARM YARD MANURE AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND PROFITABILITY OF RAJMASH (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) AND SOIL FERTILITY IN DRY TEMPERATE REGION OF NORTH- WESTERN HIMALAYAS. Legume Research. 34(4): 251 - 258. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Effect of using Rhizobium, farm yard manure (FYM) and inorganic fertilizers on plant growth, yield attributes, yield of rajmash and nutrient build up in soil was studied under field conditions. Rhizobium inoculation and application of FYM and chemical fertilizers had significantly increased the plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, yield and net returns over controls. Application of K @ 30 kg ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizers significantly increased the yield of rajmash by 34.8% and the observed response in terms of seed yield was 21.6 kg per kg of K applied. Highest growth, yield attributes and seed yield were recorded with application of 40 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P ha-1 and 30 kg K ha-1, with an increase of 58.8% in yield over recommended dose of fertilizers. Maximum net returns (Rs 78,705) was also recorded under the same treatment. The yield of 3270 kg ha-1 was observed in the interaction treatment in which Rhizobium inoculated seeds were used in conjunction with 5 t FYM and 40 kg N, 60 kg P and 30 kg K ha-1. Maximum soil organic carbon (13.5 g kg-1) and the highest available N, P, K contents (380, 98, 230 kg ha-1, respectively) were observed under the combined use of Rhizobium and FYM along with chemical fertilizers (40 kg N, 60 kg P and 30 kg K ha-1) after completion of the experiment, which indicated the build up of available soil nutrients over other treatments including recommended dose of fertilizers.

    REFERENCES

    1. Dutt N, Sharma R. P. and Sharma, G. D. (2003). Effect of supplementary use of farm yard manner along with chemical fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake by vegetable pea (Pisum sativum var arvense) and build up of soil fertility in Lahul Valley of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 73: 266-68.
    2. Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.
    3. Merwin, H. D. and Peech, M. (1951). Exchangeability of soil potassium in sand, silt and clay fractions as influenced by nature and complementary exchangeable cation. Soil Science Soc. Amer. Proc. 15: 125-28.
    4. Miller, M. H., Mitchell, P. W., Stypa, A. and Barry, D. A. (1987). Effects of nutrient availability and subsoil bulk density in corn yield and nutrient absorption. Canadian J. Soil Sci. 6: 281-92.
    5. Olsen, S. R., Cole, C. W., Watanabe, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with 0.5 NaHCO3 (pH 8.5). United States Department of Agriculture Circular 939: Washington DC, USA.
    6. Parmar, D. K, Sharma, T. R., Saini, J. P. and Sharma, V. (1999). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to nitrogen and phosphorus in cold desert area of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Agron. 44(4): 787-90.
    7. Parmar, D. K. (2009). Integrated nutrient management for sustainable production and profitability of off season vegetables in cold arid region of Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57(3): 378-81.
    8. Prasad, B. (1994). Integrated nutrient management for sustainable agriculture. Fertilizer News 39: 19-25.
    9. Rana, S. S., Sood, P., Singh, Y. and Remeshwar (2003). Response of Rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to potassium under dry temperate conditions of Himachal Pradesh. Himachal J. Agric. Res. 29 (1&2): 16-20.
    10. Sharma, R. P., Datt, N. and Sharma, Pritam K. (2003). Combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and farm yard manure in onion (Allium cepa) under high hills, dry temperate conditions of north-western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 73: 225-27.
    11. Sharma, R. P., Akhilesh and Sharma, J. K. (2005). Productivity, nutrient uptake, soil fertility and economics as affected by chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure in broccoli (Brassica oleracca var talica) in an Entisol. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 75: 576-79.
    12. Sharma, R. P., Datt, Naveen and Chander, Girish. (2009). Effect of vermicompost, farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) – Onion (Allium cepa) sequence in wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57 (3): 357-61.
    13. Singh, S. R., Bhat, M. I., Wani, J. A. and Najar, G. R. (2009). Role of Rhizobium and VAM fungi improvement in fertility and yield of green gram under temperate conditions. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 57 (1): 45-52.
    14. Sinha,, N. P., Prasad, B. and Ghosh, A. B. (1981). Effect of continuous use of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake in wheat in wheat- soybean-potato cropping system. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 29 (4): 537-42.
    15. Subbiah, B. and Asija, G. L. (1956). A Rapid procedure for estimation of available nitrogen in soils. current Science, 25 (8) : 259-260.
    16. Thakur, R. N., Arya, P. S. and Thakur, S. K. (1999). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties to fertilizer levels, Rhizobium inoculatun and their residual effect on onion (Allium cepa) in mid hills of north-western Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agronomy 44: 416-418.
    17. Verma, V. S. and Saxena, K. K. (1995). Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to graded dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in silty loam soil of central Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Agron. 40 (1): 67-71.
    18. Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29-38.
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