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volume 36 issue 3 (june 2013) : 234-240

POLYAMINES PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE IN SALT TOLERANT MECHANISMS BY ACTIVATING ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN ROOTS OF VEGETABLE SOYBEAN

G
G.W. Zhang
Q
Q.Z. Hu
S
S.C. Xu
Y
Y. M. Gong*
1Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou- 310 021, China

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Zhang G.W., Hu Q.Z., Xu S.C., Gong* M. Y. (2025). POLYAMINES PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE IN SALT TOLERANT MECHANISMS BY ACTIVATING ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN ROOTS OF VEGETABLE SOYBEAN. Legume Research. 36(3): 234-240. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Two cultivars contrasting in NaCl tolerance were used to investigate the possible involvement of polyamines in salt tolerant mechanisms in roots of vegetable soybean. ‘Tianfeng’, the salt tolerant cultivar exhibited overall higher contents of free, soluble conjugated and insoluble bound forms of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) except for free spermidine over the salt sensitive line during the course of NaCl treatment for 15 days. Consistent with this observation, arginine decarboxylase, the essential enzyme of polyamines biosynthesis and two enzymes catalyzing breakdown of polyamines were differentially regulated between the two cultivars. Antioxidant enzymes downstream to the polyamines signaling globally showed higher activity in ‘Tianfeng’, resulting in lower contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde subsequently. These results taken together indicate that higher levels of polyamines may be important in conferring enhanced salt tolerance in roots of vegetable soybean by activating antioxidant enzymes and, therefore, attenuating oxidative damage.

REFERENCES

  1. Alvarez, I., Tomaro, M. L. and Benavides, M. P. (2003). Changes in polyamines, proline and ethylene in sunflower calluses treated with NaCl. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult, 74:51-59
  2. Aoki, A., Kanegami, A., Mihara, M., Kojima, T., Shiraiwa, M. and Takahara, H. (2005). Moleclar characterization of a novel soybean gene encoding a leucine-zipper-like protein induced to salt stress. Gene, 356:135-145
  3. Aziz, A., Martin-Tanguy, J. and Larher, F. (1999). Salt stress-induced proline accumulation and changes in tyramine and polyamine levels are linked to ionic adjustment in tomato leaf discs. Plant Sci, 145:83-91
  4. Bouchereau, A., Aziz, A., Larher, F. and Martin-Tanguy, J. (1999). Polyamines and environmental challenges: recent development. Plant Sci, 140:103-125
  5. Cakmak, I. and Marschner, H. (1992). Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiol, 98:1222-1227
  6. Campestre, M. P., Bordenave, C. D., Origone, A. C., Menéndez, A. B., Ruiz, O. A., Rodríguez, A. A. and Maiale, S. J. (2011). Polyamine catabolism is involved in response to salt stress in soybean hypocotyls. J Plant Physiol, 168:1234-1240
  7. Claussen, W., Brückner, B., Krumbein, A. and Lenz, F. (2006). Long-term response of tomato plants to changing nutrient concentration in the root environment-the role of proline as an indicator of sensory fruit quality. Plant Sci, 171:323-331
  8. Dionisio-Sese, M. L. and Tobita, S. (1998). Antioxidant response in rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Sci, 135:1-9
  9. Duan, J. J., Li, J., Guo, S. R. and Kang, Y. Y. (2008). Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in salinity-stressed Cucumis sativus roots and enhances short-term salinity. J Plant Physiol, 165:1620-1635
  10. Elstner, E. F. and Heupel, A. (1976). Formation of hydrogen peroxide by isolated cell walls from horseradish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib). Planta, 193:283-289
  11. Flowers, T. J. and Yeo, A. R. (1995). Breeding for salinity resistance in crop plants. Where next? Aust J Plant Physiol, 22:875-884
  12. Heath, R. L. and Packer, L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys, 125:189-198
  13. Janicka-Russak, M., Kabala, K., Mlodziñska, E. and Klobus, G. (2010). The role of polyamines in the regulation of the plasma membrane and the tonoplast proton pumps under salt stress. J Plant Physiol, 167:261-269
  14. Keatinge, J. D. H., Easdown, W. J., Yang, R. Y., Chadha, M. L. and Shanmugasundaram, S. (2011). Overcoming chronic malnutrition in a future warming world: the key importance of mungbean and vegetable soybean. Euphytica, 180:129-141
  15. Legocka, J. and Kluk, A. (2005). Effect of salt and osmotic stress on changes in polyamine content and arginine decarboxylase activity in Lupinus luteus seedlings. J Plant Physiol, 162:662-668
  16. Martin-Tanguy, J. (2001). Metabolism and function of polyamines in plants: recent development (new approaches). Plant Growth Regul, 34:135-148
  17. Matsuda, H. (1984). Some properties of arginine decarboxylase in Vicia faba leaves. Plant Cell Physiol, 25:523-530
  18. Omran, R. G. (1980). Peroxide levels and the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and indoleacetic acid oxidase during and after chilling cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiol, 65:407-408
  19. Patterson, B. D., Mackae, E. A. and Ferguson, I. B. (1984). Estimation of hydrogen peroxide in plant extracts using titanium (IV). Anal Biochem, 139:487-492
  20. Roussos, P. A. and Pontikis, C. A. (2007). Changes of free, soluble conjugated and bound polyamine titers of jojoba explants under sodium chloride salinity in vitro. J Plant Physiol, 164:895-903
  21. Roychoudhury, A., Basub, S. and Sengupta, D. N. (2011). Amelioration of salinity stress by exogenously applied spermidine or spermine in three varieties of indica rice differing in their level of salt tolerance. J Plant Physiol, 168:317-328
  22. Saldivar, X., Wang, Y.J., Chen, P. and Mauromoustakos, A. (2010). Effects of blanching and storage conditions on soluble sugar contents in vegetable soybean. LWT Food Sci Technol, 43: 1368-1372
  23. Santa-Cruz, A., Acosta, M., Rus, A. and Bolarin, M. C. (1999). Short-term salt tolerance mechanisms in differentially salt tolerant tomato species. Plant Physiol Biochem, 37:65-71
  24. Sharma, R. and Rajam, M. V. (1995). Spatial and temporal changes in endogenous polyamine levels associated with osmotic embryogenesis from different hypocotyls segments of eggplant (Solanum melongena L). J Plant Physiol, 146:658-664
  25. Shi, D. and Sheng, Y. (2005). Effects of various salt-alkaline mixed stress conditions on sunflower seedlings and analysis of their stress factors. Environ Exp Bot, 54:8-21
  26. Sobhanian, H., Razavizadeh, R., Nanjo, Y., Ehsanpour, A. A., Jazii, F. R., Motamed, N. and Komatsu, S. (2010). Proteome analysis of soybean leaves, hypocotyls and roots under salt stress. Proteome Sci, 8:2-15
  27. Su, G. X., An, Z. F., Zhang, W. H. and Liu, Y. L. (2005). Light promotes the synthesis of lignin through the production of H2O2 mediated by diamine oxidases in soybean hypocotyls. J Plant Physiol, 162:1297-1303
  28. Tang, W. and Newton, R. J. (2005). Polyamines reduce salt-induced oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxidation in Virginia pine. Plant Growth Regul, 46:31-43
  29. Toorchi, M., Yukawa, K., Nouri, M. Z. and Komatsu, S. (2009). Proteomics approach for identifying osmotic-stress- related proteins in soybean roots. Peptides, 30:2108-2117
  30. Verma, S. and Mishra, S. N. (2005). Putrescine alleviation of growth in salt stressed Brassica juncea by inducing antioxidative defense system. J Plant Physiol, 162:669-677
  31. Wang, C., Zhu, Y. L., Yang, L. F., Chen, G. and Mao, Y. (2009). Screening of vegetable soybean cultivars for salt tolerance and their physiological characteristics. Jiangsu J Agric Sci, 25:621-627 (in Chinese)
  32. Wei, G. P., Yang, L. F., Zhu, Y. L. and Chen, G. (2009). Changes in oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities and polyamine contents in leaves of grafted and non-grafted eggplant seedlings under stress by excess of calcium nitrate. Sci Hortic, 120:443-451
  33. Wen, X. P., Ban, Y., Inoue, H., Matsuda, N., Kita, M. and Moriguchi, T. (2011). Antisense inhibition of a spermidine synthase gene highlights the role of polyamines for stress alleviation in pear shoots subjected to salinity and cadmium. Environ Exp Bot, 72:157-166
  34. Xu, X. Y., Fan, R., Zheng, R., Li, C. M. and Yu, D. Y. (2011). Proteomic analysis of seed germination under salt stress in soybeans. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B, 12:507-517
  35. Zhang, G. W., Liu, Z. L., Zhou, J. G. and Zhu, Y. L. (2008). Effects of Ca(NO3)2 stress on oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes activities and polyamine contents in roots of grafted and non-grafted tomato plants. Plant Growth Regul, 56:7-19
  36. Zhang, W. P., Jiang, B., Li, W. G., Song, H., Yu, Y. S. and Chen, J. F. (2009). Polyamines enhance chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating antioxidative system. Sci Hortic, 122:200-208
  37. Zhou, Q. and Yu, B. J. (2010). Changes in content of free, conjugated and bound polyamines and osmotic adjustment in adaptation of vetiver grass to water deficit. Plant Physiol Biochem, 48:417-425
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    volume 36 issue 3 (june 2013) : 234-240

    POLYAMINES PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE IN SALT TOLERANT MECHANISMS BY ACTIVATING ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN ROOTS OF VEGETABLE SOYBEAN

    G
    G.W. Zhang
    Q
    Q.Z. Hu
    S
    S.C. Xu
    Y
    Y. M. Gong*
    1Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou- 310 021, China

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Zhang G.W., Hu Q.Z., Xu S.C., Gong* M. Y. (2025). POLYAMINES PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE IN SALT TOLERANT MECHANISMS BY ACTIVATING ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN ROOTS OF VEGETABLE SOYBEAN. Legume Research. 36(3): 234-240. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Two cultivars contrasting in NaCl tolerance were used to investigate the possible involvement of polyamines in salt tolerant mechanisms in roots of vegetable soybean. ‘Tianfeng’, the salt tolerant cultivar exhibited overall higher contents of free, soluble conjugated and insoluble bound forms of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) except for free spermidine over the salt sensitive line during the course of NaCl treatment for 15 days. Consistent with this observation, arginine decarboxylase, the essential enzyme of polyamines biosynthesis and two enzymes catalyzing breakdown of polyamines were differentially regulated between the two cultivars. Antioxidant enzymes downstream to the polyamines signaling globally showed higher activity in ‘Tianfeng’, resulting in lower contents of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde subsequently. These results taken together indicate that higher levels of polyamines may be important in conferring enhanced salt tolerance in roots of vegetable soybean by activating antioxidant enzymes and, therefore, attenuating oxidative damage.

    REFERENCES

    1. Alvarez, I., Tomaro, M. L. and Benavides, M. P. (2003). Changes in polyamines, proline and ethylene in sunflower calluses treated with NaCl. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult, 74:51-59
    2. Aoki, A., Kanegami, A., Mihara, M., Kojima, T., Shiraiwa, M. and Takahara, H. (2005). Moleclar characterization of a novel soybean gene encoding a leucine-zipper-like protein induced to salt stress. Gene, 356:135-145
    3. Aziz, A., Martin-Tanguy, J. and Larher, F. (1999). Salt stress-induced proline accumulation and changes in tyramine and polyamine levels are linked to ionic adjustment in tomato leaf discs. Plant Sci, 145:83-91
    4. Bouchereau, A., Aziz, A., Larher, F. and Martin-Tanguy, J. (1999). Polyamines and environmental challenges: recent development. Plant Sci, 140:103-125
    5. Cakmak, I. and Marschner, H. (1992). Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean leaves. Plant Physiol, 98:1222-1227
    6. Campestre, M. P., Bordenave, C. D., Origone, A. C., Menéndez, A. B., Ruiz, O. A., Rodríguez, A. A. and Maiale, S. J. (2011). Polyamine catabolism is involved in response to salt stress in soybean hypocotyls. J Plant Physiol, 168:1234-1240
    7. Claussen, W., Brückner, B., Krumbein, A. and Lenz, F. (2006). Long-term response of tomato plants to changing nutrient concentration in the root environment-the role of proline as an indicator of sensory fruit quality. Plant Sci, 171:323-331
    8. Dionisio-Sese, M. L. and Tobita, S. (1998). Antioxidant response in rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Sci, 135:1-9
    9. Duan, J. J., Li, J., Guo, S. R. and Kang, Y. Y. (2008). Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in salinity-stressed Cucumis sativus roots and enhances short-term salinity. J Plant Physiol, 165:1620-1635
    10. Elstner, E. F. and Heupel, A. (1976). Formation of hydrogen peroxide by isolated cell walls from horseradish (Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib). Planta, 193:283-289
    11. Flowers, T. J. and Yeo, A. R. (1995). Breeding for salinity resistance in crop plants. Where next? Aust J Plant Physiol, 22:875-884
    12. Heath, R. L. and Packer, L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts: I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch Biochem Biophys, 125:189-198
    13. Janicka-Russak, M., Kabala, K., Mlodziñska, E. and Klobus, G. (2010). The role of polyamines in the regulation of the plasma membrane and the tonoplast proton pumps under salt stress. J Plant Physiol, 167:261-269
    14. Keatinge, J. D. H., Easdown, W. J., Yang, R. Y., Chadha, M. L. and Shanmugasundaram, S. (2011). Overcoming chronic malnutrition in a future warming world: the key importance of mungbean and vegetable soybean. Euphytica, 180:129-141
    15. Legocka, J. and Kluk, A. (2005). Effect of salt and osmotic stress on changes in polyamine content and arginine decarboxylase activity in Lupinus luteus seedlings. J Plant Physiol, 162:662-668
    16. Martin-Tanguy, J. (2001). Metabolism and function of polyamines in plants: recent development (new approaches). Plant Growth Regul, 34:135-148
    17. Matsuda, H. (1984). Some properties of arginine decarboxylase in Vicia faba leaves. Plant Cell Physiol, 25:523-530
    18. Omran, R. G. (1980). Peroxide levels and the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and indoleacetic acid oxidase during and after chilling cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiol, 65:407-408
    19. Patterson, B. D., Mackae, E. A. and Ferguson, I. B. (1984). Estimation of hydrogen peroxide in plant extracts using titanium (IV). Anal Biochem, 139:487-492
    20. Roussos, P. A. and Pontikis, C. A. (2007). Changes of free, soluble conjugated and bound polyamine titers of jojoba explants under sodium chloride salinity in vitro. J Plant Physiol, 164:895-903
    21. Roychoudhury, A., Basub, S. and Sengupta, D. N. (2011). Amelioration of salinity stress by exogenously applied spermidine or spermine in three varieties of indica rice differing in their level of salt tolerance. J Plant Physiol, 168:317-328
    22. Saldivar, X., Wang, Y.J., Chen, P. and Mauromoustakos, A. (2010). Effects of blanching and storage conditions on soluble sugar contents in vegetable soybean. LWT Food Sci Technol, 43: 1368-1372
    23. Santa-Cruz, A., Acosta, M., Rus, A. and Bolarin, M. C. (1999). Short-term salt tolerance mechanisms in differentially salt tolerant tomato species. Plant Physiol Biochem, 37:65-71
    24. Sharma, R. and Rajam, M. V. (1995). Spatial and temporal changes in endogenous polyamine levels associated with osmotic embryogenesis from different hypocotyls segments of eggplant (Solanum melongena L). J Plant Physiol, 146:658-664
    25. Shi, D. and Sheng, Y. (2005). Effects of various salt-alkaline mixed stress conditions on sunflower seedlings and analysis of their stress factors. Environ Exp Bot, 54:8-21
    26. Sobhanian, H., Razavizadeh, R., Nanjo, Y., Ehsanpour, A. A., Jazii, F. R., Motamed, N. and Komatsu, S. (2010). Proteome analysis of soybean leaves, hypocotyls and roots under salt stress. Proteome Sci, 8:2-15
    27. Su, G. X., An, Z. F., Zhang, W. H. and Liu, Y. L. (2005). Light promotes the synthesis of lignin through the production of H2O2 mediated by diamine oxidases in soybean hypocotyls. J Plant Physiol, 162:1297-1303
    28. Tang, W. and Newton, R. J. (2005). Polyamines reduce salt-induced oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxidation in Virginia pine. Plant Growth Regul, 46:31-43
    29. Toorchi, M., Yukawa, K., Nouri, M. Z. and Komatsu, S. (2009). Proteomics approach for identifying osmotic-stress- related proteins in soybean roots. Peptides, 30:2108-2117
    30. Verma, S. and Mishra, S. N. (2005). Putrescine alleviation of growth in salt stressed Brassica juncea by inducing antioxidative defense system. J Plant Physiol, 162:669-677
    31. Wang, C., Zhu, Y. L., Yang, L. F., Chen, G. and Mao, Y. (2009). Screening of vegetable soybean cultivars for salt tolerance and their physiological characteristics. Jiangsu J Agric Sci, 25:621-627 (in Chinese)
    32. Wei, G. P., Yang, L. F., Zhu, Y. L. and Chen, G. (2009). Changes in oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities and polyamine contents in leaves of grafted and non-grafted eggplant seedlings under stress by excess of calcium nitrate. Sci Hortic, 120:443-451
    33. Wen, X. P., Ban, Y., Inoue, H., Matsuda, N., Kita, M. and Moriguchi, T. (2011). Antisense inhibition of a spermidine synthase gene highlights the role of polyamines for stress alleviation in pear shoots subjected to salinity and cadmium. Environ Exp Bot, 72:157-166
    34. Xu, X. Y., Fan, R., Zheng, R., Li, C. M. and Yu, D. Y. (2011). Proteomic analysis of seed germination under salt stress in soybeans. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B, 12:507-517
    35. Zhang, G. W., Liu, Z. L., Zhou, J. G. and Zhu, Y. L. (2008). Effects of Ca(NO3)2 stress on oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes activities and polyamine contents in roots of grafted and non-grafted tomato plants. Plant Growth Regul, 56:7-19
    36. Zhang, W. P., Jiang, B., Li, W. G., Song, H., Yu, Y. S. and Chen, J. F. (2009). Polyamines enhance chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating antioxidative system. Sci Hortic, 122:200-208
    37. Zhou, Q. and Yu, B. J. (2010). Changes in content of free, conjugated and bound polyamines and osmotic adjustment in adaptation of vetiver grass to water deficit. Plant Physiol Biochem, 48:417-425
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