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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 36 issue 1 (february 2013) : 21-32

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, CYTOTOXIC STUDIES AND GC-MS PROFILING OF Matthiola incana (STOCK FLOWER)

N
Nasir Rasool1*
S
Sania Afzal1
M
Muhammad Riaz1
U
Umer Rashid2* Komal Rizwan1
M
Muhammad Zubair1
S
Shafqat Ali3
M
Muhammad Shahid4
1Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad-384 00, Pakistan

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Rasool1* Nasir, Afzal1 Sania, Riaz1 Muhammad, Rizwan1 Komal Rashid2* Umer, Zubair1 Muhammad, Ali3 Shafqat, Shahid4 Muhammad (2025). EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, CYTOTOXIC STUDIES AND GC-MS PROFILING OF Matthiola incana (STOCK FLOWER). Legume Research. 36(1): 21-32. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Antioxidant activity of Matthiola incana flowers extracted with different solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, absolute methanol, methanol water (9.5:0.5) methanol water (9:1) extracts of stock flower (Matthiola incana) were analyzed. The total phenolics content (TPC) were found in the range of 0.327-1.872 mg GAE/g and total flavonoids content (TFC) were found in the range 2.06-6.067 CE mg/g. Other parameters studied were reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging and inhibition of linoleic acid per oxidation. The antioxidant activity of the  Matthiola incana was also evaluated by measuring the conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated triene (CT), p-anisidine value (PAV), free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide values (PV) by using canola oil as an oxidative substrate. The n-hexhane extract was also analyzed by GC-MS. The methanolic extracts of Matthiola incana flowers showed maximum antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity studies was also studied by haemolytic activity of the plant extracts against the human erythrocytes (RBC’s) was found to be in the range of 0.91-4.47 %.

REFERENCES

  1. Abdallah, E.M. and Khalid, A.E. (2012). A preliminary evaluation of the antibacterial effects of Commiphora molmol and Boswellia papyrifera oleo-gum resins vapor. Int. J. Chem. Biochem. Sci. 1: 1-5.
  2. Adam, R.P. (2001). Identification of essential oils components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream, IL: Allured Publishing Corp.
  3. Ahmad, S., Akhter, M., Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Mehjabeen and Ahmed, S. (2010). Antifungal and nematicidal activity of selected legumes of Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot. 42(2): 1327-1331.
  4. Al-shehbaz, I.A., Beilstein, M.A. and Kellogg, E.A. (2006). Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): an overview. Plant System Evollution 259: 89–120.
  5. Anonymous (2012). My garden. Available from: http://www.mygarden.net.au/gardening/matthiola-incana/7139/1 [Accessed on 25 May 2012].
  6. Anwar, F., Jamil, A., Iqbal, S. and Sheikh, M.A. (2006). Antioxidant activity of various plant extracts under ambient and accelerated storage of sunflower oil. Grasas y Aceites 57: 189-197.
  7. Anwar, F., Qayyum, H.M.A. and Hussain, A.I. (2010). Antioxidant activity of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.): stabilization of sunflower oil. Grasas Y Aceites 61 : 237-243.
  8. Bozin, B., Micica, D., Simin, N. and Anackov, G. (2006). Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oil of some Lamiaceae species and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. J. Agri. Food Chem. 54: 1822-1828.
  9. Chaovanalikit, A. and Wrolstad, R.E. (2004). Total anthocyanins and total phenolics of fresh and processed cherries and their antioxidant properties. J. Food Sci. 69: 67-72.
  10. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C. (1996). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants (including the supplement). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research: New Delhi.
  11. Dekkers, J.C., Van Doornen, L.J.P. and Kemper, H.C.G. (1996). The role of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes in the prevention of exercise-induced muscles damage. Sports Medicine 21: 213-238.
  12. Dewanto, V., Wu, X., Adom, K.K. and Liu, R.H. (2002). Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. J Agric Food Chem 50(10): 3010-3014.
  13. Duh, P.D., Tu, Y.Y. and Yen, G.C. (2004). Antioxidant activity of water extract of Harng Jyur (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat). Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 32: 269-277.
  14. Edeoga, H.O., Okwu, D.E. and Mbaebie, B.O. (2005). Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. J. Biotechnol. 4: 685-688.
  15. Fireston, D. (1997). Official methods and recommended practices of the american oil chemists society (AOCS). 5th ed. Champaign, AOCS Press: Boulder Urbana IL, United States of America. 1-150.
  16. Frega, N., Mozzon, M. and Lercker, G. (1999). Effect of free fatty acids on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76: 325-329.
  17. Gordon, M.H. (1990). The mechanism of antioxidant action in vitro. In B.J.F. Hudson (Ed), Food antioxidants. Elsevier Applied Science: London, United Kingdom.
  18. Hamid, A.A. and Aiyelaagbe, O.O. (2012). Pharmacological investigation of Asystasia calyciana for its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Int. J. Chem. Biochem. Sci. 1: 99-104.
  19. Hanif, M.A., Al-maskari, M.Y., Al-maskari, A., Al-shukaili, A., Al-maskari, A.Y. and Al-sabahi, J.N. (2011). Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of unexplored Omani basil. J. of Med. Plants Res. 5(5): 751-757.
  20. Hatano, T., Edamatsu, R., Hiramatsu, M., Mori, A., Fujita, Y., Asuhara, T., Yoshida, T. and Okuda, T. (1989). Effect of interaction of tannins with co-existing substances VI. Effect of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical and on DPPH radical. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 37: 2016-2021.
  21. Lateef, M., Iqbal, L., Fatima, N., Siddiqui, K., Afza, N., Zia-ul-Haq, M. and Ahmad, M. (2012). Evaluation of antioxidant and urease inhibition activities of roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra. Pak. J. Pharma. Sci. 25(1): 99- 102.
  22. Li, J.W., Ding, S.D. and Ding, X.L. (2005). Comparison of antioxidant capacities of extracts from five cultivars of Chinese jujube. Process Biochem. 40: 3607-3613.
  23. Mcginely, L. (1991). Analysis and quality control for processing and processed fats in analysis of oil seeds, fats and fatty foods. 1st ed. Elsevier Applied Science: New York, United Sates of America. 460-470.
  24. Nazifi, E., Delazar, A., Movafeghi, A., Hemmati, Nazemiyeh, H., Nahar, L. and Sarker, S.D. (2008). GC-MS analysis of the dichloromethane extract of the bulbs of Ornithogalum cuspidatum Bert. (Family: Liliaceae) from Iran. Record Nat. Prod. 2: 94-99.
  25. Neff, W.E., Mounts, T.L., Rinsach, W.M., Konishi, H. and Elegamy, M.A. (1994). Oxidative stability of purified canola oil triacylglycerols with altered fatty acid compositions. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71: 215-221.
  26. Orishadipe, A.T., Okogun, J.I. and Mishelia, E. (2010). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the hexane extract of Calliandra portoricensis and its antimicrobial activity. African J. of Pure and App. Chem. 4(7): 131-134.
  27. Powell, W.A., Catranis, C.M. and Maynard, C.A. (2000). Design of self-processing antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 31: 163-168.
  28. Riaz, M., Rasool, N., Bukhari, I.H., Shahid, M., Zubair, M., Rizwan, K. and Rashid, U. (2012). In Vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and GC-MS analysis of Mazus goodenifolius. Molecules 17: 275-287. Rizwan, K., Zubair, M., Rasool, N., Riaz, M., Zia-Ul-Haq, M. and Feo, D.V. (2012). Phytochemical and biological studies of Agave attenuata. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13: 6440-6451.
  29. Ruan, Z.P., Zhang, L.L. and Lin, Y.M. (2008). Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Syzygium cumini Leaves. Molecules 3: 2545-2556.
  30. Seyffert, W. (1960). Official methods and recommended practices 5th ed. American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS).
  31. Shahidi, F. and Wanasundara, P.K. (1992). Phenolic Antioxidants. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 32: 67-68.
  32. Siddhuraju, P. and Becker, K. (2003). Antioxidant properties of various extracts of total phenolic constituents from three different agro climatic origins of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. J. Agri. Food Chem. 51: 2144-2155.
  33. Siddiq, A., Anwar, F., Manzoor, M. and Fatima, M. (2005). Antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves under accelerated storage conditions of sunflower oil. Asian Journal of Plant Science 4: 630- 635.
  34. Sobia, Zubair, M., Rasool, N., Anjum, F., Iqbal, M., Mushtaq, M. and Shahid, M. (2012). Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal activities and phytochemical analysis of dagger (Yucca aloifolia) leaves extracts. J. of Med. Plants Res. in press.
  35. Sultana, B., Anwar, F. and Ashraf, M. (2009). Effect of extraction solvent/technique on the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plant extracts. Molecules 14(6): 2167-2180.
  36. Sun, T. and Ho, C.T. (2005). Antioxidant activities of buckwheat extracts. Food Chem. 90: 743-749.
  37. Tanaka, M., Kuei, C.W., Nagashima, Y. and Taguchi, T. (1998). Application of antioxidative maillard reaction products from histidine and glucose to sardine products. Nippon Sui-san Gakk 54: 1409-1414.
  38. Yang, J.H., Lin, H.C. and Mau, J.L. (2002). Antioxidant properties of several commercial mushrooms. Food Chem. 77: 229-235.
  39. Yen , G.C., Duh, P.D. and Chuang, D.Y. (2000). Antioxidant activity of anthraquinones and anthrone. Food Chem. 70(4): 437-441.
  40. Yoon, S.H., Kim, S.K., Shin, M.G. and Kim, K.H. (1991). Comparative study of physical methods for lipid oxidation measurement. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 62(10): 1487-1489.
  41. Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Zu , Y., Chen, X., Wang, F. and Liu, F. (2010). Oxidative stability of sunflower oil by carnosic acid compared with synthetic antioxidants during accelerated storage Food Chem. 118(3): 656–662.
  42. Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Ahmad, S., Iqbal, S., Luthria, D.L. and Amarowicz, R. (2011). Antioxidant potential of lentil cultivars commonly consumed in Pakistan. Oxi. Commun. 34(4): 820-831.
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    volume 36 issue 1 (february 2013) : 21-32

    EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, CYTOTOXIC STUDIES AND GC-MS PROFILING OF Matthiola incana (STOCK FLOWER)

    N
    Nasir Rasool1*
    S
    Sania Afzal1
    M
    Muhammad Riaz1
    U
    Umer Rashid2* Komal Rizwan1
    M
    Muhammad Zubair1
    S
    Shafqat Ali3
    M
    Muhammad Shahid4
    1Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad-384 00, Pakistan

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Rasool1* Nasir, Afzal1 Sania, Riaz1 Muhammad, Rizwan1 Komal Rashid2* Umer, Zubair1 Muhammad, Ali3 Shafqat, Shahid4 Muhammad (2025). EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, CYTOTOXIC STUDIES AND GC-MS PROFILING OF Matthiola incana (STOCK FLOWER). Legume Research. 36(1): 21-32. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Antioxidant activity of Matthiola incana flowers extracted with different solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, absolute methanol, methanol water (9.5:0.5) methanol water (9:1) extracts of stock flower (Matthiola incana) were analyzed. The total phenolics content (TPC) were found in the range of 0.327-1.872 mg GAE/g and total flavonoids content (TFC) were found in the range 2.06-6.067 CE mg/g. Other parameters studied were reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging and inhibition of linoleic acid per oxidation. The antioxidant activity of the  Matthiola incana was also evaluated by measuring the conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated triene (CT), p-anisidine value (PAV), free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide values (PV) by using canola oil as an oxidative substrate. The n-hexhane extract was also analyzed by GC-MS. The methanolic extracts of Matthiola incana flowers showed maximum antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity studies was also studied by haemolytic activity of the plant extracts against the human erythrocytes (RBC’s) was found to be in the range of 0.91-4.47 %.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abdallah, E.M. and Khalid, A.E. (2012). A preliminary evaluation of the antibacterial effects of Commiphora molmol and Boswellia papyrifera oleo-gum resins vapor. Int. J. Chem. Biochem. Sci. 1: 1-5.
    2. Adam, R.P. (2001). Identification of essential oils components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream, IL: Allured Publishing Corp.
    3. Ahmad, S., Akhter, M., Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Mehjabeen and Ahmed, S. (2010). Antifungal and nematicidal activity of selected legumes of Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot. 42(2): 1327-1331.
    4. Al-shehbaz, I.A., Beilstein, M.A. and Kellogg, E.A. (2006). Systematics and phylogeny of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae): an overview. Plant System Evollution 259: 89–120.
    5. Anonymous (2012). My garden. Available from: http://www.mygarden.net.au/gardening/matthiola-incana/7139/1 [Accessed on 25 May 2012].
    6. Anwar, F., Jamil, A., Iqbal, S. and Sheikh, M.A. (2006). Antioxidant activity of various plant extracts under ambient and accelerated storage of sunflower oil. Grasas y Aceites 57: 189-197.
    7. Anwar, F., Qayyum, H.M.A. and Hussain, A.I. (2010). Antioxidant activity of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.): stabilization of sunflower oil. Grasas Y Aceites 61 : 237-243.
    8. Bozin, B., Micica, D., Simin, N. and Anackov, G. (2006). Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oil of some Lamiaceae species and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. J. Agri. Food Chem. 54: 1822-1828.
    9. Chaovanalikit, A. and Wrolstad, R.E. (2004). Total anthocyanins and total phenolics of fresh and processed cherries and their antioxidant properties. J. Food Sci. 69: 67-72.
    10. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C. (1996). Glossary of Indian medicinal plants (including the supplement). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research: New Delhi.
    11. Dekkers, J.C., Van Doornen, L.J.P. and Kemper, H.C.G. (1996). The role of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes in the prevention of exercise-induced muscles damage. Sports Medicine 21: 213-238.
    12. Dewanto, V., Wu, X., Adom, K.K. and Liu, R.H. (2002). Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. J Agric Food Chem 50(10): 3010-3014.
    13. Duh, P.D., Tu, Y.Y. and Yen, G.C. (2004). Antioxidant activity of water extract of Harng Jyur (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat). Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 32: 269-277.
    14. Edeoga, H.O., Okwu, D.E. and Mbaebie, B.O. (2005). Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. J. Biotechnol. 4: 685-688.
    15. Fireston, D. (1997). Official methods and recommended practices of the american oil chemists society (AOCS). 5th ed. Champaign, AOCS Press: Boulder Urbana IL, United States of America. 1-150.
    16. Frega, N., Mozzon, M. and Lercker, G. (1999). Effect of free fatty acids on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76: 325-329.
    17. Gordon, M.H. (1990). The mechanism of antioxidant action in vitro. In B.J.F. Hudson (Ed), Food antioxidants. Elsevier Applied Science: London, United Kingdom.
    18. Hamid, A.A. and Aiyelaagbe, O.O. (2012). Pharmacological investigation of Asystasia calyciana for its antibacterial and antifungal properties. Int. J. Chem. Biochem. Sci. 1: 99-104.
    19. Hanif, M.A., Al-maskari, M.Y., Al-maskari, A., Al-shukaili, A., Al-maskari, A.Y. and Al-sabahi, J.N. (2011). Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of unexplored Omani basil. J. of Med. Plants Res. 5(5): 751-757.
    20. Hatano, T., Edamatsu, R., Hiramatsu, M., Mori, A., Fujita, Y., Asuhara, T., Yoshida, T. and Okuda, T. (1989). Effect of interaction of tannins with co-existing substances VI. Effect of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical and on DPPH radical. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 37: 2016-2021.
    21. Lateef, M., Iqbal, L., Fatima, N., Siddiqui, K., Afza, N., Zia-ul-Haq, M. and Ahmad, M. (2012). Evaluation of antioxidant and urease inhibition activities of roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra. Pak. J. Pharma. Sci. 25(1): 99- 102.
    22. Li, J.W., Ding, S.D. and Ding, X.L. (2005). Comparison of antioxidant capacities of extracts from five cultivars of Chinese jujube. Process Biochem. 40: 3607-3613.
    23. Mcginely, L. (1991). Analysis and quality control for processing and processed fats in analysis of oil seeds, fats and fatty foods. 1st ed. Elsevier Applied Science: New York, United Sates of America. 460-470.
    24. Nazifi, E., Delazar, A., Movafeghi, A., Hemmati, Nazemiyeh, H., Nahar, L. and Sarker, S.D. (2008). GC-MS analysis of the dichloromethane extract of the bulbs of Ornithogalum cuspidatum Bert. (Family: Liliaceae) from Iran. Record Nat. Prod. 2: 94-99.
    25. Neff, W.E., Mounts, T.L., Rinsach, W.M., Konishi, H. and Elegamy, M.A. (1994). Oxidative stability of purified canola oil triacylglycerols with altered fatty acid compositions. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71: 215-221.
    26. Orishadipe, A.T., Okogun, J.I. and Mishelia, E. (2010). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the hexane extract of Calliandra portoricensis and its antimicrobial activity. African J. of Pure and App. Chem. 4(7): 131-134.
    27. Powell, W.A., Catranis, C.M. and Maynard, C.A. (2000). Design of self-processing antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 31: 163-168.
    28. Riaz, M., Rasool, N., Bukhari, I.H., Shahid, M., Zubair, M., Rizwan, K. and Rashid, U. (2012). In Vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and GC-MS analysis of Mazus goodenifolius. Molecules 17: 275-287. Rizwan, K., Zubair, M., Rasool, N., Riaz, M., Zia-Ul-Haq, M. and Feo, D.V. (2012). Phytochemical and biological studies of Agave attenuata. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13: 6440-6451.
    29. Ruan, Z.P., Zhang, L.L. and Lin, Y.M. (2008). Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Syzygium cumini Leaves. Molecules 3: 2545-2556.
    30. Seyffert, W. (1960). Official methods and recommended practices 5th ed. American Oil Chemists Society (AOCS).
    31. Shahidi, F. and Wanasundara, P.K. (1992). Phenolic Antioxidants. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 32: 67-68.
    32. Siddhuraju, P. and Becker, K. (2003). Antioxidant properties of various extracts of total phenolic constituents from three different agro climatic origins of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. J. Agri. Food Chem. 51: 2144-2155.
    33. Siddiq, A., Anwar, F., Manzoor, M. and Fatima, M. (2005). Antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves under accelerated storage conditions of sunflower oil. Asian Journal of Plant Science 4: 630- 635.
    34. Sobia, Zubair, M., Rasool, N., Anjum, F., Iqbal, M., Mushtaq, M. and Shahid, M. (2012). Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal activities and phytochemical analysis of dagger (Yucca aloifolia) leaves extracts. J. of Med. Plants Res. in press.
    35. Sultana, B., Anwar, F. and Ashraf, M. (2009). Effect of extraction solvent/technique on the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plant extracts. Molecules 14(6): 2167-2180.
    36. Sun, T. and Ho, C.T. (2005). Antioxidant activities of buckwheat extracts. Food Chem. 90: 743-749.
    37. Tanaka, M., Kuei, C.W., Nagashima, Y. and Taguchi, T. (1998). Application of antioxidative maillard reaction products from histidine and glucose to sardine products. Nippon Sui-san Gakk 54: 1409-1414.
    38. Yang, J.H., Lin, H.C. and Mau, J.L. (2002). Antioxidant properties of several commercial mushrooms. Food Chem. 77: 229-235.
    39. Yen , G.C., Duh, P.D. and Chuang, D.Y. (2000). Antioxidant activity of anthraquinones and anthrone. Food Chem. 70(4): 437-441.
    40. Yoon, S.H., Kim, S.K., Shin, M.G. and Kim, K.H. (1991). Comparative study of physical methods for lipid oxidation measurement. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 62(10): 1487-1489.
    41. Zhang, Y., Yang, L., Zu , Y., Chen, X., Wang, F. and Liu, F. (2010). Oxidative stability of sunflower oil by carnosic acid compared with synthetic antioxidants during accelerated storage Food Chem. 118(3): 656–662.
    42. Zia-Ul-Haq, M., Ahmad, S., Iqbal, S., Luthria, D.L. and Amarowicz, R. (2011). Antioxidant potential of lentil cultivars commonly consumed in Pakistan. Oxi. Commun. 34(4): 820-831.
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