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Research Article

volume 43 issue 4 (august 2020) : 573-579,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-486

Effects of Rhizobium Strain on the Growth, Nodulation, N2 Fixation and Ions Accumulation in Vicia Faba Plant Under Salt Stress

B
Boulbaba L’taief
N
Neila Abdi
S
Sihem Smari
A
Amel Ayari-Akkari
M
Mouna Jeridi
M
Manar D. Alsenidi
B
Bouaziz Sifi
1Biology Department, College of Sciences in Abha, King Khaled University, P.O. Box 960, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

  • Submitted27-03-2019|

  • Accepted21-08-2019|

  • First Online 04-10-2019|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-486

Cite article:- L’taief Boulbaba, Abdi Neila, Smari Sihem, Ayari-Akkari Amel, Jeridi Mouna, Alsenidi D. Manar, Sifi Bouaziz (2019). Effects of Rhizobium Strain on the Growth, Nodulation, N2 Fixation and Ions Accumulation in Vicia Faba Plant Under Salt Stress. Legume Research. 43(4): 573-579. doi: 10.18805/LR-486.

ABSTRACT

Vicia faba L.-rhizobia symbiosis is utilized in different biological ways to improve the productivity of faba beans. This research aims to analyze the effects of the Rhizobium strain on nodulation, N2 fixation, growth, and ion accumulation under salt stress in Viciafaba. The commercial cultivar of faba beans (Viciafaba L. var. minor) was inoculated with the Rhizobium leguminosarumbiovar, by considering viciae strains S10 and S16, after 15 days of growth. This inoculation was carried out in the solution culture consisting of two salt concentrations; 0 mmole l-1NaCl and 50 mmole l-1NaCl. The results revealed that under saline and non-saline conditions, S10 and S16 strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum resulted in the formation of ineffective and effective symbiosis with faba beans. However, the presence of salt stress resulted in increasing the biomass of nodule and nitrogen content. The concentrations of sodium and chloride, in shoot and root, were increased in the presence of salinity. However, potassium concentration was only increased in the shoot. With and without salinity, phosphorus concentration in the shoots was not modified. The results revealed that the salt tolerance of faba beans, inoculated with two strains of Rhizobium were found to possess association with their stable growth. Moreover, the salt tolerance of faba beans inoculated with two salts tolerant rhizobia was also associated with an increment in the capacity of faba beans to increase nodulation and the concentration of shoot N2, Na and Cl-content. In addition, salt tolerance of this variety, inoculated with Rhizobium strains was associated with a decrement in the concentration of K+ in shoot under the salt constraints.

REFERENCES

  1. Attia, H., Karray, N., Rabhif, M., Lachaal, M. (2008). Salt-imposed restrictions on the uptake of macroelements by roots of Arabidopsisthaliana.    Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 30: 723-727.
  2. Bhardwaj, K.K.R. (1975). Survival and symbiotic characteristics of Rhizobium in saline-alkali soils. Plant Soil. 43: 377-385.
  3. Borsani, O., Cuartero, J., Fernandez, J. A., Valpuesta, V., Botella, M.A. (2001). Identification of two loci in tomato reveals distinct mechanisms for salt tolerance. Plant Cell. 13: 873-887.
  4. Chen, Z., Newman, I., Zhou, M., Mendham, N., Zhang, G., Shabala, S. (2005). Screening plants for salt tolerance by measuring K+ flux: a case study for barley. Plant Cell And Environment. 28:1230-1246.
  5. Dutta, P. and Bera, A.K. (2014). Effect of NaCl salinity on seed germination and seedling growth of Mung bean cultivars. Legume Research. 37 (2): 161-164.
  6. Elsheikh, E.A.E. and Wood, M. (1990). Effect of salinity on growth, nodulation and nitrogen yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Experimental Botany. 41: 1263-1269.
  7. Grattan, S.R. and Maas, E.V. (1988). Effect of salinity on phosphate accumulation and injury in soybean: 1. Influence of CaCl2/NaCl ratios. Plant Soil. 105: 25-32.
  8. Gulmezoglu, N., Aydogan, C., Turhan, E. (2016). Physiological, biochemical and mineral dimensions of green bean genotypes depending on Zn priming and salinity. Legume Research. 39 (5):713-721.
  9. Hafeez, F.Y., Aslam, Z., Malik, K.A. (1988). Effect of salinity and inoculation on growth, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake of Vigna radiata L. Wilczek. Plant Soil. 106: 3-8.
  10. Hansen, E.H., and Munns, D.N. (1985). Screening of Sesbania sp. for NaCl tolerance. Nitrogen fixing tree research report. 3:60-61.
  11. Hu, Y., Fricke, W., Schmidhalter, U. (2005). Salinity and the growth of non-halophytic grass leaves: the role of mineral nutrient distribution. Functional Plant Biology. 32: 973-985.
  12. Irigoyen, J.J., Emirich, D.W., Sanchez-Diaz, M. (1992). Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicagosativa) plants. Physiol. Plant. 84:55-60.
  13. Khan, F. (2018). Salinity stress phenotyping for soybean (Glycine max L.) for Middle East Asia. Legume Research. 41(4): 551-556.
  14. Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A., Showalter, A.M. (2000a). Effects of salinity on growth, water relations and ion accumulation of the subtropical perennial halophyte, Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii. Annals of Botany. 85: 225-232.
  15. Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A., Showalter, A.M. (2000b). Effects of sodium chloride treatments on growth and ion accumulation of the halophyte Haloxylon recurvum. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 31: 2763-2774.
  16. Lauchli, A. (1984). Salt exclusion: An adaptation of legumes for crops and pastures under saline conditions. In: Salinity Tolerance in Plants-Strategies for Crop Improvement. STAPLES, R. C. and Toenniessen G. H. (eds.): John Wiley and Sons, New York p.171-178.
  17. Mohammad, M., Campbell, E.F., Rumbaugh, M.D. (1989). Variation in salt tolerance of alfalfa. Arid Soil Reabil. 3:11-20.
  18. Morgan, R.S., Abd El-Hady, M., Rahim, I.S. (2018). Soil salinity mapping utilizing sentinel-2 and neural networks. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52:524-529
  19. Murphy, J., Riley, J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta. 27:31-36.
  20. Peltier, J.P., Marigo, D., Marigo, G. (1997). Involvement of malate and mannitol in the diurnal regulation of the water status in members of Oleaceae. Trees-Structure and Function. 12:27-34.
  21. Raggi, V. (1994). Changes in free amino acids and osmotic adjustment in leaves of water-stressed bean. Physiologia Plantarum. 91: 890-903.
  22. Rhodes, D. and Felker, P. (1988). Mass screening of Prosopis (mesquite) seedlings for growth at seawater salinity concentrations. Forest Ecology and Management. 24:169-176.
  23. Singleton, P.W. and Bohlool, B. (1984). Effect of salinity on nodule formation by soybean. Plant Physiology. 74: 72-76.
  24. Singleton, P.W., Swaify, S.A., Bohlool, B.B. (1982). Effect of salinity on Rhizobium growth and survival. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 44:884-890.
  25. Singleton, P.W. (1983). A split-root growth system for evaluating the effect of salinity on the components of the soybean Rhizobium japonicum symbiosis. Crop Science. 23:259-262.
  26. Soussi, M., Lluch. C., Ocaòa, A. (1999). Comparative study of nitrogen fixation and carbon metabolism in two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under salt stress. Journal of Experimental Botany. 50:1701-1708.
  27. Tablott, L.D. and Zeiger, E. (1998). The role of sucrose in guard cell osmoregulation. Journal of Experimental Botany. 49: 329-337.
  28. Udvardi, M.K. and Day, D.A. (1997). Metabolite transport across symbiotic membranes of legume nodules. Plant Molecular Biology. 48: 493-523.
  29. Ushakova, S.A., Kovaleva, N.P., Gribovskaya, I.V., Dolgushev, V.A., Tikhomirova, N. A. (2005). Effect of NaCl concentration on productivity and mineral composition of Salicornia europaea as a potential crop for utilization NaCl in LSS. Advances in Space Research. 36: 1349-1353.
  30. Vincent, J.M. (1970). A manual for the Practical Study of Root-nodule Bacteria, I.B.P. Handbook No. 15, p. 44. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  31. Waisel, Y. (1989). Adaptation to salinity. In: Physiology of Stress, Raghavendra, A. S. (ed.): John Wiley and Sons, New York p.359-383.
  32. Weil, R.R. and Khalil, N.A. (1986). Salinity tolerance of winged beans as compared to that of soybean. Agronomy Journal. 78: 67-70.
  33. Yousef, A.N, and Sprent, J.I. (1983). Effect of NaCl on growth, nitrogen incroporation and chemical composition of inoculated and NH4NO3 fertilized Vicia faba L. plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 143: 941-950.
  34. Zahran, H.H. and Sprent, J.I. (1986). Effects of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol on root-hair infection and nodulation of Viciafaba L. plants by Rhizobium leguminosarum. Planta. 167:303-309.
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    Research Article

    volume 43 issue 4 (august 2020) : 573-579,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-486

    Effects of Rhizobium Strain on the Growth, Nodulation, N2 Fixation and Ions Accumulation in Vicia Faba Plant Under Salt Stress

    B
    Boulbaba L’taief
    N
    Neila Abdi
    S
    Sihem Smari
    A
    Amel Ayari-Akkari
    M
    Mouna Jeridi
    M
    Manar D. Alsenidi
    B
    Bouaziz Sifi
    1Biology Department, College of Sciences in Abha, King Khaled University, P.O. Box 960, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

    • Submitted27-03-2019|

    • Accepted21-08-2019|

    • First Online 04-10-2019|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-486

    Cite article:- L’taief Boulbaba, Abdi Neila, Smari Sihem, Ayari-Akkari Amel, Jeridi Mouna, Alsenidi D. Manar, Sifi Bouaziz (2019). Effects of Rhizobium Strain on the Growth, Nodulation, N2 Fixation and Ions Accumulation in Vicia Faba Plant Under Salt Stress. Legume Research. 43(4): 573-579. doi: 10.18805/LR-486.

    ABSTRACT

    Vicia faba L.-rhizobia symbiosis is utilized in different biological ways to improve the productivity of faba beans. This research aims to analyze the effects of the Rhizobium strain on nodulation, N2 fixation, growth, and ion accumulation under salt stress in Viciafaba. The commercial cultivar of faba beans (Viciafaba L. var. minor) was inoculated with the Rhizobium leguminosarumbiovar, by considering viciae strains S10 and S16, after 15 days of growth. This inoculation was carried out in the solution culture consisting of two salt concentrations; 0 mmole l-1NaCl and 50 mmole l-1NaCl. The results revealed that under saline and non-saline conditions, S10 and S16 strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum resulted in the formation of ineffective and effective symbiosis with faba beans. However, the presence of salt stress resulted in increasing the biomass of nodule and nitrogen content. The concentrations of sodium and chloride, in shoot and root, were increased in the presence of salinity. However, potassium concentration was only increased in the shoot. With and without salinity, phosphorus concentration in the shoots was not modified. The results revealed that the salt tolerance of faba beans, inoculated with two strains of Rhizobium were found to possess association with their stable growth. Moreover, the salt tolerance of faba beans inoculated with two salts tolerant rhizobia was also associated with an increment in the capacity of faba beans to increase nodulation and the concentration of shoot N2, Na and Cl-content. In addition, salt tolerance of this variety, inoculated with Rhizobium strains was associated with a decrement in the concentration of K+ in shoot under the salt constraints.

    REFERENCES

    1. Attia, H., Karray, N., Rabhif, M., Lachaal, M. (2008). Salt-imposed restrictions on the uptake of macroelements by roots of Arabidopsisthaliana.    Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 30: 723-727.
    2. Bhardwaj, K.K.R. (1975). Survival and symbiotic characteristics of Rhizobium in saline-alkali soils. Plant Soil. 43: 377-385.
    3. Borsani, O., Cuartero, J., Fernandez, J. A., Valpuesta, V., Botella, M.A. (2001). Identification of two loci in tomato reveals distinct mechanisms for salt tolerance. Plant Cell. 13: 873-887.
    4. Chen, Z., Newman, I., Zhou, M., Mendham, N., Zhang, G., Shabala, S. (2005). Screening plants for salt tolerance by measuring K+ flux: a case study for barley. Plant Cell And Environment. 28:1230-1246.
    5. Dutta, P. and Bera, A.K. (2014). Effect of NaCl salinity on seed germination and seedling growth of Mung bean cultivars. Legume Research. 37 (2): 161-164.
    6. Elsheikh, E.A.E. and Wood, M. (1990). Effect of salinity on growth, nodulation and nitrogen yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Experimental Botany. 41: 1263-1269.
    7. Grattan, S.R. and Maas, E.V. (1988). Effect of salinity on phosphate accumulation and injury in soybean: 1. Influence of CaCl2/NaCl ratios. Plant Soil. 105: 25-32.
    8. Gulmezoglu, N., Aydogan, C., Turhan, E. (2016). Physiological, biochemical and mineral dimensions of green bean genotypes depending on Zn priming and salinity. Legume Research. 39 (5):713-721.
    9. Hafeez, F.Y., Aslam, Z., Malik, K.A. (1988). Effect of salinity and inoculation on growth, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake of Vigna radiata L. Wilczek. Plant Soil. 106: 3-8.
    10. Hansen, E.H., and Munns, D.N. (1985). Screening of Sesbania sp. for NaCl tolerance. Nitrogen fixing tree research report. 3:60-61.
    11. Hu, Y., Fricke, W., Schmidhalter, U. (2005). Salinity and the growth of non-halophytic grass leaves: the role of mineral nutrient distribution. Functional Plant Biology. 32: 973-985.
    12. Irigoyen, J.J., Emirich, D.W., Sanchez-Diaz, M. (1992). Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicagosativa) plants. Physiol. Plant. 84:55-60.
    13. Khan, F. (2018). Salinity stress phenotyping for soybean (Glycine max L.) for Middle East Asia. Legume Research. 41(4): 551-556.
    14. Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A., Showalter, A.M. (2000a). Effects of salinity on growth, water relations and ion accumulation of the subtropical perennial halophyte, Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii. Annals of Botany. 85: 225-232.
    15. Khan, M.A., Ungar, I.A., Showalter, A.M. (2000b). Effects of sodium chloride treatments on growth and ion accumulation of the halophyte Haloxylon recurvum. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 31: 2763-2774.
    16. Lauchli, A. (1984). Salt exclusion: An adaptation of legumes for crops and pastures under saline conditions. In: Salinity Tolerance in Plants-Strategies for Crop Improvement. STAPLES, R. C. and Toenniessen G. H. (eds.): John Wiley and Sons, New York p.171-178.
    17. Mohammad, M., Campbell, E.F., Rumbaugh, M.D. (1989). Variation in salt tolerance of alfalfa. Arid Soil Reabil. 3:11-20.
    18. Morgan, R.S., Abd El-Hady, M., Rahim, I.S. (2018). Soil salinity mapping utilizing sentinel-2 and neural networks. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52:524-529
    19. Murphy, J., Riley, J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimica Acta. 27:31-36.
    20. Peltier, J.P., Marigo, D., Marigo, G. (1997). Involvement of malate and mannitol in the diurnal regulation of the water status in members of Oleaceae. Trees-Structure and Function. 12:27-34.
    21. Raggi, V. (1994). Changes in free amino acids and osmotic adjustment in leaves of water-stressed bean. Physiologia Plantarum. 91: 890-903.
    22. Rhodes, D. and Felker, P. (1988). Mass screening of Prosopis (mesquite) seedlings for growth at seawater salinity concentrations. Forest Ecology and Management. 24:169-176.
    23. Singleton, P.W. and Bohlool, B. (1984). Effect of salinity on nodule formation by soybean. Plant Physiology. 74: 72-76.
    24. Singleton, P.W., Swaify, S.A., Bohlool, B.B. (1982). Effect of salinity on Rhizobium growth and survival. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 44:884-890.
    25. Singleton, P.W. (1983). A split-root growth system for evaluating the effect of salinity on the components of the soybean Rhizobium japonicum symbiosis. Crop Science. 23:259-262.
    26. Soussi, M., Lluch. C., Ocaòa, A. (1999). Comparative study of nitrogen fixation and carbon metabolism in two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars under salt stress. Journal of Experimental Botany. 50:1701-1708.
    27. Tablott, L.D. and Zeiger, E. (1998). The role of sucrose in guard cell osmoregulation. Journal of Experimental Botany. 49: 329-337.
    28. Udvardi, M.K. and Day, D.A. (1997). Metabolite transport across symbiotic membranes of legume nodules. Plant Molecular Biology. 48: 493-523.
    29. Ushakova, S.A., Kovaleva, N.P., Gribovskaya, I.V., Dolgushev, V.A., Tikhomirova, N. A. (2005). Effect of NaCl concentration on productivity and mineral composition of Salicornia europaea as a potential crop for utilization NaCl in LSS. Advances in Space Research. 36: 1349-1353.
    30. Vincent, J.M. (1970). A manual for the Practical Study of Root-nodule Bacteria, I.B.P. Handbook No. 15, p. 44. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
    31. Waisel, Y. (1989). Adaptation to salinity. In: Physiology of Stress, Raghavendra, A. S. (ed.): John Wiley and Sons, New York p.359-383.
    32. Weil, R.R. and Khalil, N.A. (1986). Salinity tolerance of winged beans as compared to that of soybean. Agronomy Journal. 78: 67-70.
    33. Yousef, A.N, and Sprent, J.I. (1983). Effect of NaCl on growth, nitrogen incroporation and chemical composition of inoculated and NH4NO3 fertilized Vicia faba L. plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 143: 941-950.
    34. Zahran, H.H. and Sprent, J.I. (1986). Effects of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol on root-hair infection and nodulation of Viciafaba L. plants by Rhizobium leguminosarum. Planta. 167:303-309.
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