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Research Article

volume 44 issue 11 (november 2021) : 1379-1385,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4533

Evaluation of Groundnut Segregating Population for Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii. using an Efficient Field Screening Technique

S
Santoshkumar Pujer
B
Babu N. Motagi
P
P.V. Kenchanagoudar
M
M.V.C. Gowda
1AICRP on Groundnut, MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India.

  • Submitted26-10-2020|

  • Accepted13-03-2021|

  • First Online 23-04-2021|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-4533

Cite article:- Pujer Santoshkumar, Motagi N. Babu, Kenchanagoudar P.V., Gowda M.V.C. (2021). Evaluation of Groundnut Segregating Population for Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii. using an Efficient Field Screening Technique. Legume Research. 44(11): 1379-1385. doi: 10.18805/LR-4533.

ABSTRACT

Background: Stem rot of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the major constraint to groundnut production in many countries and yield losses upto 10-25% were recorded. Screening of groundnut genotypes for resistance to stem rot under field conditions is complicated by the non-uniform spatial distribution of the pathogen.
Methods: A total of 165 segregants derived from TAG 24 and R 9227 were evaluated for resistance to stem and pod rot during rainy and summer seasons by using sick plot technique. The field is artificially inoculated at 30 days interval.
Result: Among different parameters, maximum phenotypic variability and heritability were observed for disease at 30, 60, 90 days after sowing. The strong negative associations were observed for disease incidence and plant population and positive association were observed for test weight and pod weight per plant. The higher number of superior segregants was observed for pod weight per plant followed by oil content and test weight as compared to both the parents. Generally, high frequencies of desirable segregants were observed for oil content combined with pod weight per plant followed by test weight and pod weight per plant. Out of 165 lines, only six lines showed moderate resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii with good yield attributing characters, further these lines can be utilized in future breeding programme.

REFERENCES

  1. Abeyagunawardena, D.V.W. and Wood, R.K.S. (1975). Effect of certain fungicide on Sclerotium rolfsii in soil. Phytopathology. 65: 607-609.
  2. Anonymous. (2017). Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2016, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, New Dehli, pp. 79.
  3. Arpita, K.R. and Kenchanagoudar, P.V. (2018). Evaluation for Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. resistance in F4 and F5 genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Farm Science. 31 (2): 127-130.
  4. Bagwan, N. B. (2011). Morphological variation in Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. isolates causing stem rot in groundnut (Arachishy pogaea L.). International Journal of Plant Protection. 4(1): 68-73.
  5. Bekriwala, T.H., Nath, K. and Chaudhary, D.A. (2016). Effect of age on susceptibility of groundnut plants to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. caused stem rot disease. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology. 7(12): 386.
  6. Bera, S.K., Kamdar, J. H., Kasundra S.V. and Thirumalaisami, P.P. (2016). Identification of groundnut genotypes and wild species resistant to stem rot using an efficient field screening technique. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 7(1): 61-70.
  7. Chapin, J.W., Thomas, J.S., Isleib, T.J., Shokes, F.M. and William, D. (2010). Field Evaluation of Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars for Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Late Leaf Spot and Stem Rot. Peanut Science. 37: 63-69.
  8. Cuong, N.L. (2011). Diversity and biological control of Sclerotium rolfsii, causal agent of stem rot of groundnut. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.
  9. Divya Rani, V., Sudini, H., Narayan Reddy, P., Vijaykrishna Kumar, K. and Uma Devi. (2018). Resistance Screening of Ground nut Advanced Breeding Lines against Collar Rot and Stem Rot Pathogens. International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience. 6(1): 467-474.
  10. Horland, W.D. and Csinos, A.S. (1939). Evaluation of peanut cultivar for resistance to field infection by Sclerotium rolfsii. Plant Disease. 71(3): 268-270.
  11. Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H.F. and Comstock, R.E. (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybean. Agronomy Journal. 47: 314-318.
  12. Pasupuleti, J., Nigam, S.N., Manish, K.P., Nagesh, P. and Varshney, R.K. (2013). Groundnut improvement: use of genetic and genomic tools. Plant science. 4(23): 1-16.
  13. Pujer, S.B., Kenchanagoudar, P.V., Gowda, M.V.C. and Hiremath, C. (2013). Genetic parameters and association analysis for resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 26 (2): 155-161.
  14. Pujer, S.B., Satish, R.G. and Boranayaka, M.B. (2011). Association analysis and identification superior segregants for resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii and yield component traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Agriculture Science. 7(1):1-7.
  15. Rakholiya, K.B. and Jadeja, K.B. (2010). Varietal screening of groundnut against stem and pod root (Sclerotium rolfsii). International Journal of Plant Protection. 3(2): 398-399
  16. Rangaswami. (1972). Diseases of Crop Plants in India, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 520. 
  17. Robinson, H.F., Comstock, R.E. and Harvey, P.H. (1949). Estimates of heritability and the degree of dominance in corn. Agronomy Journal. 41: 353-359.
  18. Sivasubramanian, S. and Madhavamenon, P. (1973). Genotypic and phenotypic variability in rice. Madras Agriculture Journal. 60: 1093-1096.
  19. Thirumalaisamy, P.P., Narendra Kumar, Radhakrishnan, T., Rathnakumar, A.L., Bera, S.K., Jadon, K.S., Mishra, G.P., Riddhi Rajyaguru and Binal Joshi. (2014). Phenotyping of Groundnut Genotypes for Resistance to Sclerotium Stem Rot. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology. 44 (4): 459-462.
  20. Zaman, M.A., Tuhina-Khatun, M., Ullah, M.Z., Moniruzzamn, M. and Alam, K.H. (2011). Genetic Variability and Path Analysis of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The Agriculturist. 9(1and2): 29-36. 
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    Research Article

    volume 44 issue 11 (november 2021) : 1379-1385,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4533

    Evaluation of Groundnut Segregating Population for Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii. using an Efficient Field Screening Technique

    S
    Santoshkumar Pujer
    B
    Babu N. Motagi
    P
    P.V. Kenchanagoudar
    M
    M.V.C. Gowda
    1AICRP on Groundnut, MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India.

    • Submitted26-10-2020|

    • Accepted13-03-2021|

    • First Online 23-04-2021|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-4533

    Cite article:- Pujer Santoshkumar, Motagi N. Babu, Kenchanagoudar P.V., Gowda M.V.C. (2021). Evaluation of Groundnut Segregating Population for Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii. using an Efficient Field Screening Technique. Legume Research. 44(11): 1379-1385. doi: 10.18805/LR-4533.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Stem rot of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the major constraint to groundnut production in many countries and yield losses upto 10-25% were recorded. Screening of groundnut genotypes for resistance to stem rot under field conditions is complicated by the non-uniform spatial distribution of the pathogen.
    Methods: A total of 165 segregants derived from TAG 24 and R 9227 were evaluated for resistance to stem and pod rot during rainy and summer seasons by using sick plot technique. The field is artificially inoculated at 30 days interval.
    Result: Among different parameters, maximum phenotypic variability and heritability were observed for disease at 30, 60, 90 days after sowing. The strong negative associations were observed for disease incidence and plant population and positive association were observed for test weight and pod weight per plant. The higher number of superior segregants was observed for pod weight per plant followed by oil content and test weight as compared to both the parents. Generally, high frequencies of desirable segregants were observed for oil content combined with pod weight per plant followed by test weight and pod weight per plant. Out of 165 lines, only six lines showed moderate resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii with good yield attributing characters, further these lines can be utilized in future breeding programme.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abeyagunawardena, D.V.W. and Wood, R.K.S. (1975). Effect of certain fungicide on Sclerotium rolfsii in soil. Phytopathology. 65: 607-609.
    2. Anonymous. (2017). Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2016, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, New Dehli, pp. 79.
    3. Arpita, K.R. and Kenchanagoudar, P.V. (2018). Evaluation for Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. resistance in F4 and F5 genotypes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Farm Science. 31 (2): 127-130.
    4. Bagwan, N. B. (2011). Morphological variation in Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. isolates causing stem rot in groundnut (Arachishy pogaea L.). International Journal of Plant Protection. 4(1): 68-73.
    5. Bekriwala, T.H., Nath, K. and Chaudhary, D.A. (2016). Effect of age on susceptibility of groundnut plants to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. caused stem rot disease. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology. 7(12): 386.
    6. Bera, S.K., Kamdar, J. H., Kasundra S.V. and Thirumalaisami, P.P. (2016). Identification of groundnut genotypes and wild species resistant to stem rot using an efficient field screening technique. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding. 7(1): 61-70.
    7. Chapin, J.W., Thomas, J.S., Isleib, T.J., Shokes, F.M. and William, D. (2010). Field Evaluation of Virginia-Type Peanut Cultivars for Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Late Leaf Spot and Stem Rot. Peanut Science. 37: 63-69.
    8. Cuong, N.L. (2011). Diversity and biological control of Sclerotium rolfsii, causal agent of stem rot of groundnut. PhD Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.
    9. Divya Rani, V., Sudini, H., Narayan Reddy, P., Vijaykrishna Kumar, K. and Uma Devi. (2018). Resistance Screening of Ground nut Advanced Breeding Lines against Collar Rot and Stem Rot Pathogens. International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience. 6(1): 467-474.
    10. Horland, W.D. and Csinos, A.S. (1939). Evaluation of peanut cultivar for resistance to field infection by Sclerotium rolfsii. Plant Disease. 71(3): 268-270.
    11. Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H.F. and Comstock, R.E. (1955). Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybean. Agronomy Journal. 47: 314-318.
    12. Pasupuleti, J., Nigam, S.N., Manish, K.P., Nagesh, P. and Varshney, R.K. (2013). Groundnut improvement: use of genetic and genomic tools. Plant science. 4(23): 1-16.
    13. Pujer, S.B., Kenchanagoudar, P.V., Gowda, M.V.C. and Hiremath, C. (2013). Genetic parameters and association analysis for resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 26 (2): 155-161.
    14. Pujer, S.B., Satish, R.G. and Boranayaka, M.B. (2011). Association analysis and identification superior segregants for resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii and yield component traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Agriculture Science. 7(1):1-7.
    15. Rakholiya, K.B. and Jadeja, K.B. (2010). Varietal screening of groundnut against stem and pod root (Sclerotium rolfsii). International Journal of Plant Protection. 3(2): 398-399
    16. Rangaswami. (1972). Diseases of Crop Plants in India, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp. 520. 
    17. Robinson, H.F., Comstock, R.E. and Harvey, P.H. (1949). Estimates of heritability and the degree of dominance in corn. Agronomy Journal. 41: 353-359.
    18. Sivasubramanian, S. and Madhavamenon, P. (1973). Genotypic and phenotypic variability in rice. Madras Agriculture Journal. 60: 1093-1096.
    19. Thirumalaisamy, P.P., Narendra Kumar, Radhakrishnan, T., Rathnakumar, A.L., Bera, S.K., Jadon, K.S., Mishra, G.P., Riddhi Rajyaguru and Binal Joshi. (2014). Phenotyping of Groundnut Genotypes for Resistance to Sclerotium Stem Rot. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology. 44 (4): 459-462.
    20. Zaman, M.A., Tuhina-Khatun, M., Ullah, M.Z., Moniruzzamn, M. and Alam, K.H. (2011). Genetic Variability and Path Analysis of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The Agriculturist. 9(1and2): 29-36. 
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