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Research Article

volume 42 issue 6 (december 2019) : 750-756,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-441

Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm

R
R.H. Sammour
S
S. Fahmee
A
A-E. Mustafa
W
W. Taher
1Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

  • Submitted10-07-2018|

  • Accepted31-10-2018|

  • First Online 24-05-2019|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-441

Cite article:- Sammour R.H., Fahmee S., Mustafa A-E., Taher W. (2019). Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm. Legume Research. 42(6): 750-756. doi: 10.18805/LR-441.

ABSTRACT

This work aimed at exploring the genetic variability, population structure and relationships of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm using isozyme analysis. The data of isozyme analysis revealed 12 putative polymorphic loci of a total 33 alleles, indicating that studied accessions express good allelic richness and had an apparent rate of allogamy. The mean average of the expected heterozygosity (0.483) was more than the mean average of the observed heterozygosity (0.449) suggesting an apparent rate of allogamy taking place in Lathyrus sativus L. The average of total heterozygosity (HT) and intra-accessional genetic diversity (HS) were 0.559 and 0.428 respectively indicating that majority of genetic diversity was intra-accessional. The low levels and non-significant of genetic diversity among accessions (DST = 0.190, X2 = 62.59, p = 0.029) were probably indicative of occurrence of several gene flows. The coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) showed significant variation, suggesting the heterogonous distribution of L. sativus accessions among different geographic regions. The mean average of FST was 0.327, suggesting the occurrence of random mating system for the studied accessions and reflecting adaptation to strong environmental dissimilarities. Cluster analysis based on isozyme data suggested that the environment had no influence on the genetic diversity and confirmed that Lathyrus sativus L. had a polyphyletic origin. 

REFERENCES

  1. Ambade, R.L., Verma, S.K., Nanda, H.C., Nair, S.K., Verulkar, S.B. (2015). Genetic diversity based on molecular markers in Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Legume Research, 38:43-46. 
  2. Bakshi, M. and Konnert, M. (2011). Genetic diversity and differentiation through isozymes in natural populations of Pinus wallichiana A.B. Jacks (Blue Pine) in India. Annals of Forest Research, 54: 23-37. 
  3. Ben Brahim, N., Combes, D., Marrakchi, M. (2001). Autogamy and allogamy in genus Lathyrus. Lathyrus lathyrism Newsletter, 2:21-26.
  4. Campbell, C. (1997). Grass pea: Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops 18. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic. pp. 1-91. 
  5. Chowdhury, M.A. and Slinkard, A.E. (2000). Genetic diversity in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 47:163–169.
  6. El-Esawi, M.A., Mustafa, A.E.Z., Badr, S., Sammour, R.H. (2017). Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lactuca L. germplasm. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 70:73-79. 
  7. Indira, K. P., Muthiah, A.R., Jayamani, P. (2015). Molecular characterization of CGMS, maintainer and inbred lines and diversity analysis in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp]. Legume Research, 38: 734-741.
  8. Karam, M.A., Sammour, R.H., Ahmed, M.F.F., Ashour, M., EL-Sedak, L.M. (1999). Relationships among some Medicago species as revealed by isozyme electrophoresis. J. Union Arab Biology, 9: 269-279.
  9. Kaul, A.K., Islam, M.Q., Hamid, A. (2010). Screening of Lathyrus germplasm of Bangladesh for BOAA content and some agronomic characters. In: Kaul, .AK., Combes, D. (ed.) Lathyrus and Lathyrism. Third World Medical Research Foundation, New York: pp.130-141. 
  10. Kislev, M.E. (1989). Origin of the cultivation of Lathyrus sativus and L. cicera (Fabaceae). Economic Botany, 43: 262–270. 
  11. Lioi, L., Sparvoli, F., Sonnante, G., Laghetti, G., Lupo, F., Zaccardelli, M. (2011). Characterization of Italian grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) germplasm using agronomic traits, biochemical and molecular markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 58: 425-437.
  12. Manchenko, G. (1994). Handbook of Detection of Enzymes on Electrophoretic Gels. CRC Press, Florida: pp.334.
  13. Nei, M. (1973). Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Sunderland, Mas-    sachusetts, USA.
  14. Pegu, L., Kalita, P., Borah, H.K., Konwar, M.J. (2018). Analysis of greengram genotypes based on morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield in relation to growing season. Legume Research, 41: 342-348
  15. Sammour, R.H. (1999). SDS-PAGE analysis of the seed protein of some Trifolium taxa, Plant Varieties and Seeds, 12:11-210.
  16. Sammour, R.H. and Mustafa, A.E.Z. (2013). Genetic variation in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm. Research and Review of Bioscience, 7:19-26.
  17. Sammour, R.H., Mustafa, A.E.Z., Badr, S., Tahr, W. (2007). Genetic variations in accessions of Lathyrus sativus L. Acta. Botanica. Croatica, 66:1-13
  18. Tadesse, W. and Bekele, E. (2001). Factor analysis of components of yield in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Lathyrus Lathyrism Newsletter, 2: 91-93 
  19. Thakur, B., Sharma, S., Sharma, I., Deepika, S.P., Zargar, S.M. (2018). Diversity analysis of pea genotypes using RAPD markers. Legume Research, 41:196-201
  20. Vavilov, N.I. (1957). World Resources of Cereals, Leguminous Seed Crops and Flax, and Their Utilization in Plant Breeding. Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moscow.
  21. Wright, S. (1951). The genetical structure of populations. Annals of Eugenetics, 15: 323-354.
  22. Yamamoto, K., Fujiware, T., Blumenreich, I.D. (1986). Isozymic variation and nterspecific crossability in annual species of the genus Lathyrus. In: Kaul, A.K., Combes, D. (ed..) Lathyrus and Lathyrism. Third World Medical Research Foundation, New York: pp. 118-129.
  23. Yunus, A.G. and Jackson, M.T. (1991). The gene pools of grass pea. Plant Breeding 106:319-328. 
  24. Yunus, A.G., Jackson, M.T., Catty, J.P. (1984). Phenotypic polymorphisms of six enzymes in grass pea. Euphytica, 55:33-42.
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 6 (december 2019) : 750-756,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-441

    Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm

    R
    R.H. Sammour
    S
    S. Fahmee
    A
    A-E. Mustafa
    W
    W. Taher
    1Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

    • Submitted10-07-2018|

    • Accepted31-10-2018|

    • First Online 24-05-2019|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-441

    Cite article:- Sammour R.H., Fahmee S., Mustafa A-E., Taher W. (2019). Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm. Legume Research. 42(6): 750-756. doi: 10.18805/LR-441.

    ABSTRACT

    This work aimed at exploring the genetic variability, population structure and relationships of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm using isozyme analysis. The data of isozyme analysis revealed 12 putative polymorphic loci of a total 33 alleles, indicating that studied accessions express good allelic richness and had an apparent rate of allogamy. The mean average of the expected heterozygosity (0.483) was more than the mean average of the observed heterozygosity (0.449) suggesting an apparent rate of allogamy taking place in Lathyrus sativus L. The average of total heterozygosity (HT) and intra-accessional genetic diversity (HS) were 0.559 and 0.428 respectively indicating that majority of genetic diversity was intra-accessional. The low levels and non-significant of genetic diversity among accessions (DST = 0.190, X2 = 62.59, p = 0.029) were probably indicative of occurrence of several gene flows. The coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) showed significant variation, suggesting the heterogonous distribution of L. sativus accessions among different geographic regions. The mean average of FST was 0.327, suggesting the occurrence of random mating system for the studied accessions and reflecting adaptation to strong environmental dissimilarities. Cluster analysis based on isozyme data suggested that the environment had no influence on the genetic diversity and confirmed that Lathyrus sativus L. had a polyphyletic origin. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Ambade, R.L., Verma, S.K., Nanda, H.C., Nair, S.K., Verulkar, S.B. (2015). Genetic diversity based on molecular markers in Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Legume Research, 38:43-46. 
    2. Bakshi, M. and Konnert, M. (2011). Genetic diversity and differentiation through isozymes in natural populations of Pinus wallichiana A.B. Jacks (Blue Pine) in India. Annals of Forest Research, 54: 23-37. 
    3. Ben Brahim, N., Combes, D., Marrakchi, M. (2001). Autogamy and allogamy in genus Lathyrus. Lathyrus lathyrism Newsletter, 2:21-26.
    4. Campbell, C. (1997). Grass pea: Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops 18. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic. pp. 1-91. 
    5. Chowdhury, M.A. and Slinkard, A.E. (2000). Genetic diversity in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 47:163–169.
    6. El-Esawi, M.A., Mustafa, A.E.Z., Badr, S., Sammour, R.H. (2017). Isozyme analysis of genetic variability and population structure of Lactuca L. germplasm. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 70:73-79. 
    7. Indira, K. P., Muthiah, A.R., Jayamani, P. (2015). Molecular characterization of CGMS, maintainer and inbred lines and diversity analysis in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp]. Legume Research, 38: 734-741.
    8. Karam, M.A., Sammour, R.H., Ahmed, M.F.F., Ashour, M., EL-Sedak, L.M. (1999). Relationships among some Medicago species as revealed by isozyme electrophoresis. J. Union Arab Biology, 9: 269-279.
    9. Kaul, A.K., Islam, M.Q., Hamid, A. (2010). Screening of Lathyrus germplasm of Bangladesh for BOAA content and some agronomic characters. In: Kaul, .AK., Combes, D. (ed.) Lathyrus and Lathyrism. Third World Medical Research Foundation, New York: pp.130-141. 
    10. Kislev, M.E. (1989). Origin of the cultivation of Lathyrus sativus and L. cicera (Fabaceae). Economic Botany, 43: 262–270. 
    11. Lioi, L., Sparvoli, F., Sonnante, G., Laghetti, G., Lupo, F., Zaccardelli, M. (2011). Characterization of Italian grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) germplasm using agronomic traits, biochemical and molecular markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 58: 425-437.
    12. Manchenko, G. (1994). Handbook of Detection of Enzymes on Electrophoretic Gels. CRC Press, Florida: pp.334.
    13. Nei, M. (1973). Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Sunderland, Mas-    sachusetts, USA.
    14. Pegu, L., Kalita, P., Borah, H.K., Konwar, M.J. (2018). Analysis of greengram genotypes based on morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield in relation to growing season. Legume Research, 41: 342-348
    15. Sammour, R.H. (1999). SDS-PAGE analysis of the seed protein of some Trifolium taxa, Plant Varieties and Seeds, 12:11-210.
    16. Sammour, R.H. and Mustafa, A.E.Z. (2013). Genetic variation in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm. Research and Review of Bioscience, 7:19-26.
    17. Sammour, R.H., Mustafa, A.E.Z., Badr, S., Tahr, W. (2007). Genetic variations in accessions of Lathyrus sativus L. Acta. Botanica. Croatica, 66:1-13
    18. Tadesse, W. and Bekele, E. (2001). Factor analysis of components of yield in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Lathyrus Lathyrism Newsletter, 2: 91-93 
    19. Thakur, B., Sharma, S., Sharma, I., Deepika, S.P., Zargar, S.M. (2018). Diversity analysis of pea genotypes using RAPD markers. Legume Research, 41:196-201
    20. Vavilov, N.I. (1957). World Resources of Cereals, Leguminous Seed Crops and Flax, and Their Utilization in Plant Breeding. Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moscow.
    21. Wright, S. (1951). The genetical structure of populations. Annals of Eugenetics, 15: 323-354.
    22. Yamamoto, K., Fujiware, T., Blumenreich, I.D. (1986). Isozymic variation and nterspecific crossability in annual species of the genus Lathyrus. In: Kaul, A.K., Combes, D. (ed..) Lathyrus and Lathyrism. Third World Medical Research Foundation, New York: pp. 118-129.
    23. Yunus, A.G. and Jackson, M.T. (1991). The gene pools of grass pea. Plant Breeding 106:319-328. 
    24. Yunus, A.G., Jackson, M.T., Catty, J.P. (1984). Phenotypic polymorphisms of six enzymes in grass pea. Euphytica, 55:33-42.
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