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Research Article

volume 43 issue 5 (october 2020) : 634-640,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4045

Biochemical performance and protein profile of sensitive and tolerant varieties of chickpea under salinity

R
Rajnish Kumar
S
Swati Shahi
M
Malvika Srivastava
1Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273 009, Uttar Pradesh, India.

  • Submitted05-06-2018|

  • Accepted26-07-2018|

  • First Online 20-09-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-4045

Cite article:- Kumar Rajnish, Shahi Swati, Srivastava Malvika (2018). Biochemical performance and protein profile of sensitive and tolerant varieties of chickpea under salinity. Legume Research. 43(5): 634-640. doi: 10.18805/LR-4045.

ABSTRACT

Chickpea varieties (BG-256 and CSG-8962) were subjected to salt stress (50mM, 100mM and 150mM of NaCl) in a pot experiment. Untreated plants served as control. Plants were analyzed from 20 DAS up to 60 DAS at ten-day interval. Salt stress significantly reduced growth parameters like biomass, net assimilation rate, relative water content and biochemical parameters viz., total nitrogen and protein content of both the varieties. However, decrement was more pronounced in sensitive (BG-256) than in tolerant (CSG-8962) variety. Proline content increased with increase in salt exposure in both the varieties. SDS-PAGE of the protein reveal large amount of protein degradation in plants treated with high concentration of salt.

REFERENCES

  1. Amirinejad, A. A., Sayyari, M., Ghanbari, F. and Kordi, S. (2017) - Salycilic acid improves salinity alkalinity tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Advances in Horticulture Science. 31(3): 157-163.
  2. Anonymous (2000). Survey of Indian Agriculture. The Hindu. 57-60.
  3. Arefian, M., Vessal, S. and Bagheri, A. (2014). Biochemical changes and SDS-PAGE analyses of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in response to salinity during the early stages of seedling growth. Journal of Biology and Environmental Science. 8: 99-109.
  4. Ashraf, M., Athar, H.R., Harris, P.J.C. and Kwon, T.R. (2008). Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. Advances in Agronomy. 97: 45–110.
  5. Badran, A. E., Esraa, A. M., El-Sherebeny and Salama, Y. A. (2015). Performance of some alfalfa cultivars under salinity stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science. 7(10): 281-290
  6. Bates, L. S., Walden, R. P. and Teare, J. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline of water stress studies. Plant Soil. 39: 205-07.
  7. Bruning, B., van Logtestijn, R., Broekman, R., de Vos, A., Gonza´lez, A.P. and Rozema, J. (2015). Growth and nitrogen fixation of legumes at increased salinity under field conditions: implications for the use of green manures in saline environments. AoB PLANTS 7: plv010; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv010.
  8. Bybordi, A. (2010). The influence of salt stress on seed germination, growth and yield of canola cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 38 (1):128-133.
  9. Chen, C., Tao, C., Peng, H. and Ding, Y. (2007). Genetic analysis of salt stress responses in asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata L. ssp. Sesquipedalis verdc.). Journal of Heredity. 98 (7): 655-665.
  10. Datta, S.C. (1994). Plant Physiology. Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Age Intl. Ltd. New Delhi, India.
  11. Das, M. and Kundagrami, S.A. (2018). Screening for high productive salt tolerant mutant M4 lines in chickpea. (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research. 41(3): 356-352.
  12. Doneen, L. D. (1932). A micromethod for nitrogen estimation in plant materials. Plant Biochemistry. 14: 74-82.
  13. Elavumottil, O.C., Martin, J.P. and Moreno, M.L. (2003). Changes in sugars, sucrose synthase activity and proteins in salinity tolerant callus and cell suspension cultures of Brassica oleracea L. Biol. Plant. 46: 7-12.
  14. FAO. (2015). Technical issues of salt-affected soils.
  15. Garg, N. and Singla, R. (2009). Variability in the response of chickpea cultivars to short- term salinity, in terms of water retention capacity, membrane permeability, and osmo-protection. Turkish Journal of Agriculture. 33:57-63. doi:10.3906/tar-0712-41
  16. Gharsallah, C., Fakhfakh, H., Grubb, D. and Gorsane, F. (2016). Effect of salt stress on ion concentration, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato cultivars. AoB PLANTS 8: plw055; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw055
  17. Hasan, A., Hafiz1, H. R., Siddiqui, N., Khatun, M., Islam, R. and Al-Mamun, A. (2015). Evaluation of wheat genotypes for salt tolerance based on some physiological traits. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 18: 333-40. DOI No. 10.1007/    s12892-015-0064-2.
  18. Jukanti, A.K., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L. and Chibbar, R.N. (2012). Nutritional quality and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): A review. British Journal of Nutrition. 1: S11-26. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114512000797.
  19. Kapoor, K. and Srivastava, A. (2010). Assessment of salinity tolerance of Vigna mungo var.Pu-19 using ex vitro and in vitro methods. Asian Journal of Biotechnology. 2 (2): 73–85.
  20. Karan, R. and Subudhi, P.K. (2012). A stress inducible SUMO conjugating enzyme gene of a grass halophyte Spartina alterniflora (SaSce9) enhances salinity and drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. BMC Plant Biology. 12:187.
  21. Kumar, A., Agarwal, S. Kumar, P. and Singh, A. (2010). Effects of salinity on leaf and grain protein in some genotypes of Oat (Avena sativa L.). Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2(6): 85-87
  22. Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-85.
  23. Meratan, A.A., Ghaffari, S.M. and Niknam, V. (2008). Effects of salinity on growth, proteins and antioxidant enzymes in three Acanthophyllum species of different ploidy levels. JSUT. 33(4):1-8.
  24. Pegu, L., Kalita, P., Borah, H.K. and Konwar, M.J. (2018). Analysis of greengram genotypes based on morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield in relation to growing season. Legume Research. 41 (3): 342-348.
  25. Perez-Alfocea, F., Estan, M. T., Cruz, A. S. and Bolarin, M. C. (2015). Effects of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino add levels in tomato plants. Journal of Horticultural Science. 68:(6) 1021-1027, DOI: 10.1080/00221589.1993. 11516443
  26. Praveen, S., Qureshi, R.H., Akhar, B. and Aslam, M. (1990). Response of exotic wheat variety to salinity and hypoxia. 3rd National Cong. of soil Science. Soil Science Society of Pakistan, March 20-22, Lahore, Pakistan.
  27. Rahneshan, Z., Nasibi, F. and Moghadam, A. A. (2018). Effects of salinity stress on some growth, physiological, biochemical parameters and nutrients in two pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstocks. Journal of Plant Interactions. 13(1): 73-82. DOI: 10.1080/    17429145.2018.1424355
  28. Ramana, G.V., Padhy, S.P. and Chaitanya, K.V. (2012). differential responses of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars to salinity stress. Legume Research. 35(3): 185-193.
  29. Schonfeld, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Craver, B.F. and Mornhinweg, D.W. (1988). Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance    indicator. Crop Science. 28:526-531.
  30. Sehrawat, N., Bhatt, K.V., Sairam, R. K., Toomoka, N., Kaga, A., Shu, Y. and Jaiwal, P. K. (2013). Diversity analysis and confirmation of intra-specific hybrids for salt tolerance in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. International Journal of Integrative Biology. 14: 65.
  31. Shahi, S. and Srivastava, M. (2016). Foliar Application of Manganese for Increasing Salinity Tolerance in Mungbean. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 7(1): 148-153.
  32. Singh, S. L., Shahi, S and Srivastava, M. (2017). Mitigation of salinity by different plant nutrients in Sesamum indicum (L.). New Agriculturist. 28(1): 49-55.
  33. Sivasankaramoorthy, S. (2013). Effect of salinity on sodium, potassium and proline content of chickpea seedling. International Research Journal of Pharmacy. 4: 147-50.
  34. Srivastava, M. and Shahi, S. (2017). Biochemical response of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive wheat cultivars to salinity. Research on Crops. 18(4): 605-611.
  35. Srivastava, M. and Shahi, S. (2018). Effect of salinity on morpho-physiological aspects, antioxidant enzymatic studies and yield attributes in wheat genotypes. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology. 23(2): 385-392. DOI :10.1007/s40502-018-0375-7. 
  36. Srivastava, S.K., Sivaramane, N. and Mathur, V.C. (2010). “Diagnosis of pulses performance in India”. Agricultural Economics Research Review. 23: 137-148.
  37. Varshney, R.K., Hiremath, P.J., Lekha, P., Kashiwagi, J., Balaji, J., Deokar, A.A., Vadez, V., Xiao, Y., Srinivasan, R. (2009). A comprehensive resource of drought-and salinity responsive ESTs for gene discovery and marker development in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) BMC Genomics. 10:523. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-523.
  38. Wang, W.Y., Xiao-Feng, Y., Ying, J., Bo, Q., Yu-Feng, X. (2012). Effects of salt stress on water content and photosynthetic characteristics in Iris lacteal var. chinensis seedlings. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 12: 70 – 74.
  39. Watson, D. J. (1958). The dependence of net assimilation rate on leaf area index. Annals of Botany. 22:37-54. 
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    Research Article

    volume 43 issue 5 (october 2020) : 634-640,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-4045

    Biochemical performance and protein profile of sensitive and tolerant varieties of chickpea under salinity

    R
    Rajnish Kumar
    S
    Swati Shahi
    M
    Malvika Srivastava
    1Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273 009, Uttar Pradesh, India.

    • Submitted05-06-2018|

    • Accepted26-07-2018|

    • First Online 20-09-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-4045

    Cite article:- Kumar Rajnish, Shahi Swati, Srivastava Malvika (2018). Biochemical performance and protein profile of sensitive and tolerant varieties of chickpea under salinity. Legume Research. 43(5): 634-640. doi: 10.18805/LR-4045.

    ABSTRACT

    Chickpea varieties (BG-256 and CSG-8962) were subjected to salt stress (50mM, 100mM and 150mM of NaCl) in a pot experiment. Untreated plants served as control. Plants were analyzed from 20 DAS up to 60 DAS at ten-day interval. Salt stress significantly reduced growth parameters like biomass, net assimilation rate, relative water content and biochemical parameters viz., total nitrogen and protein content of both the varieties. However, decrement was more pronounced in sensitive (BG-256) than in tolerant (CSG-8962) variety. Proline content increased with increase in salt exposure in both the varieties. SDS-PAGE of the protein reveal large amount of protein degradation in plants treated with high concentration of salt.

    REFERENCES

    1. Amirinejad, A. A., Sayyari, M., Ghanbari, F. and Kordi, S. (2017) - Salycilic acid improves salinity alkalinity tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Advances in Horticulture Science. 31(3): 157-163.
    2. Anonymous (2000). Survey of Indian Agriculture. The Hindu. 57-60.
    3. Arefian, M., Vessal, S. and Bagheri, A. (2014). Biochemical changes and SDS-PAGE analyses of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes in response to salinity during the early stages of seedling growth. Journal of Biology and Environmental Science. 8: 99-109.
    4. Ashraf, M., Athar, H.R., Harris, P.J.C. and Kwon, T.R. (2008). Some prospective strategies for improving crop salt tolerance. Advances in Agronomy. 97: 45–110.
    5. Badran, A. E., Esraa, A. M., El-Sherebeny and Salama, Y. A. (2015). Performance of some alfalfa cultivars under salinity stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science. 7(10): 281-290
    6. Bates, L. S., Walden, R. P. and Teare, J. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline of water stress studies. Plant Soil. 39: 205-07.
    7. Bruning, B., van Logtestijn, R., Broekman, R., de Vos, A., Gonza´lez, A.P. and Rozema, J. (2015). Growth and nitrogen fixation of legumes at increased salinity under field conditions: implications for the use of green manures in saline environments. AoB PLANTS 7: plv010; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv010.
    8. Bybordi, A. (2010). The influence of salt stress on seed germination, growth and yield of canola cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 38 (1):128-133.
    9. Chen, C., Tao, C., Peng, H. and Ding, Y. (2007). Genetic analysis of salt stress responses in asparagus bean (Vigna unguiculata L. ssp. Sesquipedalis verdc.). Journal of Heredity. 98 (7): 655-665.
    10. Datta, S.C. (1994). Plant Physiology. Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Age Intl. Ltd. New Delhi, India.
    11. Das, M. and Kundagrami, S.A. (2018). Screening for high productive salt tolerant mutant M4 lines in chickpea. (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research. 41(3): 356-352.
    12. Doneen, L. D. (1932). A micromethod for nitrogen estimation in plant materials. Plant Biochemistry. 14: 74-82.
    13. Elavumottil, O.C., Martin, J.P. and Moreno, M.L. (2003). Changes in sugars, sucrose synthase activity and proteins in salinity tolerant callus and cell suspension cultures of Brassica oleracea L. Biol. Plant. 46: 7-12.
    14. FAO. (2015). Technical issues of salt-affected soils.
    15. Garg, N. and Singla, R. (2009). Variability in the response of chickpea cultivars to short- term salinity, in terms of water retention capacity, membrane permeability, and osmo-protection. Turkish Journal of Agriculture. 33:57-63. doi:10.3906/tar-0712-41
    16. Gharsallah, C., Fakhfakh, H., Grubb, D. and Gorsane, F. (2016). Effect of salt stress on ion concentration, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato cultivars. AoB PLANTS 8: plw055; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw055
    17. Hasan, A., Hafiz1, H. R., Siddiqui, N., Khatun, M., Islam, R. and Al-Mamun, A. (2015). Evaluation of wheat genotypes for salt tolerance based on some physiological traits. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 18: 333-40. DOI No. 10.1007/    s12892-015-0064-2.
    18. Jukanti, A.K., Gaur, P.M., Gowda, C.L. and Chibbar, R.N. (2012). Nutritional quality and health benefits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): A review. British Journal of Nutrition. 1: S11-26. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114512000797.
    19. Kapoor, K. and Srivastava, A. (2010). Assessment of salinity tolerance of Vigna mungo var.Pu-19 using ex vitro and in vitro methods. Asian Journal of Biotechnology. 2 (2): 73–85.
    20. Karan, R. and Subudhi, P.K. (2012). A stress inducible SUMO conjugating enzyme gene of a grass halophyte Spartina alterniflora (SaSce9) enhances salinity and drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. BMC Plant Biology. 12:187.
    21. Kumar, A., Agarwal, S. Kumar, P. and Singh, A. (2010). Effects of salinity on leaf and grain protein in some genotypes of Oat (Avena sativa L.). Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2(6): 85-87
    22. Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-85.
    23. Meratan, A.A., Ghaffari, S.M. and Niknam, V. (2008). Effects of salinity on growth, proteins and antioxidant enzymes in three Acanthophyllum species of different ploidy levels. JSUT. 33(4):1-8.
    24. Pegu, L., Kalita, P., Borah, H.K. and Konwar, M.J. (2018). Analysis of greengram genotypes based on morpho-physiological, biochemical attributes and seed yield in relation to growing season. Legume Research. 41 (3): 342-348.
    25. Perez-Alfocea, F., Estan, M. T., Cruz, A. S. and Bolarin, M. C. (2015). Effects of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino add levels in tomato plants. Journal of Horticultural Science. 68:(6) 1021-1027, DOI: 10.1080/00221589.1993. 11516443
    26. Praveen, S., Qureshi, R.H., Akhar, B. and Aslam, M. (1990). Response of exotic wheat variety to salinity and hypoxia. 3rd National Cong. of soil Science. Soil Science Society of Pakistan, March 20-22, Lahore, Pakistan.
    27. Rahneshan, Z., Nasibi, F. and Moghadam, A. A. (2018). Effects of salinity stress on some growth, physiological, biochemical parameters and nutrients in two pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstocks. Journal of Plant Interactions. 13(1): 73-82. DOI: 10.1080/    17429145.2018.1424355
    28. Ramana, G.V., Padhy, S.P. and Chaitanya, K.V. (2012). differential responses of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars to salinity stress. Legume Research. 35(3): 185-193.
    29. Schonfeld, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Craver, B.F. and Mornhinweg, D.W. (1988). Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance    indicator. Crop Science. 28:526-531.
    30. Sehrawat, N., Bhatt, K.V., Sairam, R. K., Toomoka, N., Kaga, A., Shu, Y. and Jaiwal, P. K. (2013). Diversity analysis and confirmation of intra-specific hybrids for salt tolerance in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. International Journal of Integrative Biology. 14: 65.
    31. Shahi, S. and Srivastava, M. (2016). Foliar Application of Manganese for Increasing Salinity Tolerance in Mungbean. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 7(1): 148-153.
    32. Singh, S. L., Shahi, S and Srivastava, M. (2017). Mitigation of salinity by different plant nutrients in Sesamum indicum (L.). New Agriculturist. 28(1): 49-55.
    33. Sivasankaramoorthy, S. (2013). Effect of salinity on sodium, potassium and proline content of chickpea seedling. International Research Journal of Pharmacy. 4: 147-50.
    34. Srivastava, M. and Shahi, S. (2017). Biochemical response of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive wheat cultivars to salinity. Research on Crops. 18(4): 605-611.
    35. Srivastava, M. and Shahi, S. (2018). Effect of salinity on morpho-physiological aspects, antioxidant enzymatic studies and yield attributes in wheat genotypes. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology. 23(2): 385-392. DOI :10.1007/s40502-018-0375-7. 
    36. Srivastava, S.K., Sivaramane, N. and Mathur, V.C. (2010). “Diagnosis of pulses performance in India”. Agricultural Economics Research Review. 23: 137-148.
    37. Varshney, R.K., Hiremath, P.J., Lekha, P., Kashiwagi, J., Balaji, J., Deokar, A.A., Vadez, V., Xiao, Y., Srinivasan, R. (2009). A comprehensive resource of drought-and salinity responsive ESTs for gene discovery and marker development in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) BMC Genomics. 10:523. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-523.
    38. Wang, W.Y., Xiao-Feng, Y., Ying, J., Bo, Q., Yu-Feng, X. (2012). Effects of salt stress on water content and photosynthetic characteristics in Iris lacteal var. chinensis seedlings. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 12: 70 – 74.
    39. Watson, D. J. (1958). The dependence of net assimilation rate on leaf area index. Annals of Botany. 22:37-54. 
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