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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 42 issue 5 (october 2019) : 633-639,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3913

Deteriorative changes in enzyme activity of non-invigorated and invigorated soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax)

S
S. Bhattacharya
P
P. Guha
A
A.K. Mandal
1Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, 51/2 Hazra Road, Kolkata-700 019, West Bengal, India.

  • Submitted11-07-2017|

  • Accepted15-11-2017|

  • First Online 15-02-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3913

Cite article:- Bhattacharya S., Guha P., Mandal A.K. (2018). Deteriorative changes in enzyme activity of non-invigorated and invigorated soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax). Legume Research. 42(5): 633-639. doi: 10.18805/LR-3913.

ABSTRACT

Pre-storage seed invigoration treatment in freshly harvested soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax) with powdered crude plant materials (red chilli powder@1g/kg of seed; neem leaf powder@2g/kg of seed), chemicals (iodinated calcium carbonate@2g/kg of seed; para-amino benzoic acid and ferulic acid@500mg/kg of seed) and; pharmaceuticals (aspirin @50mg/kg of seed) significantly improved germinability, field performance and productivity over control. Among the treatments, Ferulic acid, aspirin and para-amino benzoic acid showed better results in improving storability and field performance. The wet treatments, soaking-drying showed adverse effect on germinability due to soaking injury. Biochemical studies revealed that the activity of dehydrogenase, amylase (a, b free and b bound), catalase and peroxidase enzymes were higher in all dry treated seeds compared to the untreated control. Among the treatments, ferulic acid followed by aspirin has shown higher enzyme activity. On the basis of the results, pre-storage dry treatments with ferulic acid, aspirin and para-amino benzoic acid may be suggested for improving storability and field performance of stored soybean seed.

REFERENCES

  1. Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology. 105: 121-126.
  2. Agrawal, P.K, Kharlukhi, L. (1987). Enzymic activities in seed during storage. Indian J. Exp.Biol., 25: 719-722.
  3. Basu, R. N. (1976). Physico-chemical control of seed deterioration. Seed Res., 4: 15-23.
  4. Basu, R. N. and Rudrapal, A. B. (1980). Iodination of mustard seed for the maintenance of vigour and viability. Indian J. of Biol., 18: 492-494.
  5. Bernfeld, P. and Colowick, S. P. (1955). Methods in enzymology. by SP Colowick and NO Kaplan, Academic Press Inc., New York, 149.
  6. Borges, A., Ferreira,C., Saavedra, M.J,andSimoes, M. (2013). Antibacterial Activity and Mode of action of Ferulic and Gallic Acids Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Microbial Drug Resistance. 00: 1-10.
  7. Brand, L.M., Share, K.L., Loomans, M.E. and Reller, H.H. (1990). Anti-inflammatory pharmacology and mechanism of the orally active capsaicin analogs. NE-19550 and NE-28345. Agents action., 31: 329-349.
  8. Demopoulos, H. B. (1973). The basis of free radical pathology. Fed. Proc., 32: 1859-1861.
  9. Dermirkaya, M., and Diet.z, K.J., and Sivritepe, H.O. (2010). Changes in antioxidant enzymes during ageing of onion seeds. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj, 38: 49-52.
  10. Dey, A. K. and Ghosh, J. J. (1993). Ultraviolet radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in liposomal membrane: modification by capsaicin. Phytother. Res., 7:87-89.
  11. Ellis, R.H., Osei-Bonsu, E.E., Roberts, E.H. (1982). The influence of genotype, temperature and moisture on seed longevity in chickpea, cowpea and soybean. J Annul Bot. 50:69-82.
  12. Evers, J., Johnson, M. C., Marini, M. A. (1994). Peroxidative activities of haemoglobin and haemoglobin derivatives, In: Methods in Enzymology, [J. Evers, K.D. Vandegriff, R.M. Winslow, (Eds.)], Academic press, San Diego. 231:547-561.
  13. Fisher, R. A. (1948). Statistical methods for research workers. Oliver and Boyd. Edinburgh.
  14. Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Khomari, S., Dalili, B., Hosseinzadeh-Mahootchy, B., Chadordooz-Jedi, A. (2010). Effect of seed aging on field performance of winter oil seed rape. J FoodAgric Envir., 8(1):175-178.
  15. Guha, P. and Mandal, A. K. (2013). Seed treatments for extended storability and their Physiology on different vigour status of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seed. Indian Agric., 57(1): 29-36.
  16. Kapoor, N., Arya, A., Siddiqui, M.A., Amir, A., Kumar, H. (2010). Seed deterioration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under accelerated aging. Asian J Plant Sci., 9(3):158-162.
  17. Kapri, B., Sengupta, A. K., De, B. K., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. (2003). Pre-storage seed invigoration treatments for improved germinability and field performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Ind. J. of Agri. Sci., 73(5): 276-279.
  18. Kausar, M., Mahmood, T., Basra, S.M.A., Arshad, M. (2009). Invigoration of low vigour sunflower hybrids by seed priming. Int J Agric Biol., 11:521-528. 
  19. Kittock, D. L. and Law, A. G. (1968). Relationship of seedling vigour, respiration and tetrazolium chloride reduction by germinating wheat seeds. Agron. J., 60: 286-288. 
  20. Krishnan, P., Nagarajan, S., Dadlani, M., Moharir, A.V. (2003). Characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) seed under accelerated aging condition bye proton nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. J Seed Sci Technol., 31:541-550.
  21. Krishnaswamy, V. and Seshu, D. V. (1989). Seed germination rate and associated characters in rice. Crop Sci., 29: 902-907.
  22. Kumar, S. and Nanda, K. K. (1981a). Effect of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid on the activities and the electrophoretic patterns of alkaline and acid phosphatises during floral induction in Impatiens balsamina Z. P falnzen Physiol., 101: 159-168.
  23. Kumar, S. and Nanda, K. K. (1981b). GA and salicylic acid caused changes in RNAs associated with floral induction in Impatiens balsamina exposed to inductive and non-inductive photoperiods. J. of Exp. Bot., 19: 961-965.
  24. Layek, N., Guha, P., De, B. K. and Mandal, A. K. (2012). Pre-storage seed invigoration treatments for the maintenance of germinability and field performance of urdbean [Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper]. Legume Res., 35(3): 220-225.
  25. Mandal, A. K., De, B. K., Saha, R. and Basu, R. N. (2000). Seed invigoration treatments for improved storability, field emergence and productivity of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill.), Seed Sci and Technol., 28: 201-207.
  26. Marshal, A.H., Levis, D.N. (2004). Influence of seed storage conditions on seedling emergence, seedling growth and dry matter production of temperate forage grasses. J Seed Sci Technol., 32:493-501.
  27. McDonald, M.B. (1999) Seed deterioration: Physiology, repair and assessment. J Seed Sci Technol., 27:177 273.
  28. Miao-Lin, H., Yang-Kong, C., Ling-Chun, C. and Mitsuaki, S. (1995). Para-amino benzoic acid scavenges reactive oxygen species and protects DNA against UV and free radical damage. Nutri. Biochem. 6: 504-508.
  29. Milvy, P. (1973). Control of free radical mechanism in nucleic acid systems: Studies in radio protection and radio-sensitization. Fed. Proc., 32: 1895-1902.
  30. Pallavi, M. S., Kumar, S., Dangi, K. S. and Reddy, A. V. (2003). Effect of seed ageing on physiological, biochemical and yield attributes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cv. Morden. Seed Res., 31(2): 161-168.
  31. Pryor, W. A. and Lasswell, L. D. (1975). Diels-alder and 1, 4-diradical intermediates in the spontaneous polymerization of vinyl monomers. In: Adv. Free Rad. Chem. (ed. Williims, G. H.). London: Flek Sci., 5: 27.
  32. Punjabi, B., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. (1982). Maintenance of vigour, viability and productivity of stored barley seed. Seed research, 10(1): 69-71.
  33. Rudrapal, A. B. and Basu, R. N. (1980). Iodine treatment of mungbean seeds for the maintenance of vigour and viability. Curr. Sci., 49: 319-320.
  34. Saha, D. and Mandal, A. K. (2014). Pre-storage seed treatment for improved storability and field performance of high-vigour sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed. Indian Biol., 46(1): 13-18.
  35. Saha, R., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. 1990. Physiology of seed invigoration treatments in soybean (Glycine max L..) Seed Sci. & Technol., 18: 269-276.
  36. Scialabba, A., Bellani, L. M. and Dell’aquila, A. (2002). Effects of ageing on peroxidase activity and localization in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds. Euro. J. of Histochem., 46(4): 351–358.
  37. Siadat, S.A., Moosavi, A., Sharafizadeh, M. (2012). Effect of seed priming on antioxidant activity and germination characteristics of Maize seeds under different aging treatments. Research Journals of Seed Science., 5(2): 51-62.
  38. Steer, K.A., Wallace, T.M., Bolton, C.H. and Hartog M. (1997). Aspirin protects low density lipoprotein from oxidative modification. Heart., 77: 333–337.
  39. Sundareswaran, S., Krishnasamy, V., Paramasivam, V. and Ganesan, K.N. (2009). Changes in enzyme activities during seed senescence in pearl millet. (Pennisetum glaucum L.) hybrids and their parental lines. Madras Agriculture Journal., 96(7-12): 300-304.
  40. TeKrony, D.M., Egli, D.B., Wickham, D.A. (1989). Corn seed vigour effect on no tillage field performance. J Crop Sci., 29:1523-1528.
  41. Umarani, R., Bharathi, A. and Karivaratharaju, T. V. (1997). Effect of seed treatments on storage life of Casuarina equisetifolia. J. of Trop. Forest Sci., 10: 18-23.
  42. USDA 2013-14. - www.nass.usda.gov
  43. Verma, S. S., Tomer, R. P. S. and Verma, U. (2003). Loss of viability and vigour in Indian mustard seeds stored under ambient conditions. Seed Res., 31(1): 90–93.
  44. Villiers, T. A. and Edgcumbe, D. J. (1975). On the cause of seed deterioration in dry storage. Seed Sci. and Technol., 3: 761-774.
  45. Yasar, F., Ellialtioglu, S. And Yildiz, K. (2008). Effect of salt stress on antioxidant defence systems, lipid peroxidation, and chlorophyll content in green bean. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology., 55: 782-786.
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 5 (october 2019) : 633-639,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3913

    Deteriorative changes in enzyme activity of non-invigorated and invigorated soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax)

    S
    S. Bhattacharya
    P
    P. Guha
    A
    A.K. Mandal
    1Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, 51/2 Hazra Road, Kolkata-700 019, West Bengal, India.

    • Submitted11-07-2017|

    • Accepted15-11-2017|

    • First Online 15-02-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3913

    Cite article:- Bhattacharya S., Guha P., Mandal A.K. (2018). Deteriorative changes in enzyme activity of non-invigorated and invigorated soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax). Legume Research. 42(5): 633-639. doi: 10.18805/LR-3913.

    ABSTRACT

    Pre-storage seed invigoration treatment in freshly harvested soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.]Merrill, cv. Soyamax) with powdered crude plant materials (red chilli powder@1g/kg of seed; neem leaf powder@2g/kg of seed), chemicals (iodinated calcium carbonate@2g/kg of seed; para-amino benzoic acid and ferulic acid@500mg/kg of seed) and; pharmaceuticals (aspirin @50mg/kg of seed) significantly improved germinability, field performance and productivity over control. Among the treatments, Ferulic acid, aspirin and para-amino benzoic acid showed better results in improving storability and field performance. The wet treatments, soaking-drying showed adverse effect on germinability due to soaking injury. Biochemical studies revealed that the activity of dehydrogenase, amylase (a, b free and b bound), catalase and peroxidase enzymes were higher in all dry treated seeds compared to the untreated control. Among the treatments, ferulic acid followed by aspirin has shown higher enzyme activity. On the basis of the results, pre-storage dry treatments with ferulic acid, aspirin and para-amino benzoic acid may be suggested for improving storability and field performance of stored soybean seed.

    REFERENCES

    1. Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology. 105: 121-126.
    2. Agrawal, P.K, Kharlukhi, L. (1987). Enzymic activities in seed during storage. Indian J. Exp.Biol., 25: 719-722.
    3. Basu, R. N. (1976). Physico-chemical control of seed deterioration. Seed Res., 4: 15-23.
    4. Basu, R. N. and Rudrapal, A. B. (1980). Iodination of mustard seed for the maintenance of vigour and viability. Indian J. of Biol., 18: 492-494.
    5. Bernfeld, P. and Colowick, S. P. (1955). Methods in enzymology. by SP Colowick and NO Kaplan, Academic Press Inc., New York, 149.
    6. Borges, A., Ferreira,C., Saavedra, M.J,andSimoes, M. (2013). Antibacterial Activity and Mode of action of Ferulic and Gallic Acids Against Pathogenic Bacteria. Microbial Drug Resistance. 00: 1-10.
    7. Brand, L.M., Share, K.L., Loomans, M.E. and Reller, H.H. (1990). Anti-inflammatory pharmacology and mechanism of the orally active capsaicin analogs. NE-19550 and NE-28345. Agents action., 31: 329-349.
    8. Demopoulos, H. B. (1973). The basis of free radical pathology. Fed. Proc., 32: 1859-1861.
    9. Dermirkaya, M., and Diet.z, K.J., and Sivritepe, H.O. (2010). Changes in antioxidant enzymes during ageing of onion seeds. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj, 38: 49-52.
    10. Dey, A. K. and Ghosh, J. J. (1993). Ultraviolet radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in liposomal membrane: modification by capsaicin. Phytother. Res., 7:87-89.
    11. Ellis, R.H., Osei-Bonsu, E.E., Roberts, E.H. (1982). The influence of genotype, temperature and moisture on seed longevity in chickpea, cowpea and soybean. J Annul Bot. 50:69-82.
    12. Evers, J., Johnson, M. C., Marini, M. A. (1994). Peroxidative activities of haemoglobin and haemoglobin derivatives, In: Methods in Enzymology, [J. Evers, K.D. Vandegriff, R.M. Winslow, (Eds.)], Academic press, San Diego. 231:547-561.
    13. Fisher, R. A. (1948). Statistical methods for research workers. Oliver and Boyd. Edinburgh.
    14. Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Khomari, S., Dalili, B., Hosseinzadeh-Mahootchy, B., Chadordooz-Jedi, A. (2010). Effect of seed aging on field performance of winter oil seed rape. J FoodAgric Envir., 8(1):175-178.
    15. Guha, P. and Mandal, A. K. (2013). Seed treatments for extended storability and their Physiology on different vigour status of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seed. Indian Agric., 57(1): 29-36.
    16. Kapoor, N., Arya, A., Siddiqui, M.A., Amir, A., Kumar, H. (2010). Seed deterioration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under accelerated aging. Asian J Plant Sci., 9(3):158-162.
    17. Kapri, B., Sengupta, A. K., De, B. K., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. (2003). Pre-storage seed invigoration treatments for improved germinability and field performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Ind. J. of Agri. Sci., 73(5): 276-279.
    18. Kausar, M., Mahmood, T., Basra, S.M.A., Arshad, M. (2009). Invigoration of low vigour sunflower hybrids by seed priming. Int J Agric Biol., 11:521-528. 
    19. Kittock, D. L. and Law, A. G. (1968). Relationship of seedling vigour, respiration and tetrazolium chloride reduction by germinating wheat seeds. Agron. J., 60: 286-288. 
    20. Krishnan, P., Nagarajan, S., Dadlani, M., Moharir, A.V. (2003). Characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) seed under accelerated aging condition bye proton nuclear magnetic spectroscopy. J Seed Sci Technol., 31:541-550.
    21. Krishnaswamy, V. and Seshu, D. V. (1989). Seed germination rate and associated characters in rice. Crop Sci., 29: 902-907.
    22. Kumar, S. and Nanda, K. K. (1981a). Effect of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid on the activities and the electrophoretic patterns of alkaline and acid phosphatises during floral induction in Impatiens balsamina Z. P falnzen Physiol., 101: 159-168.
    23. Kumar, S. and Nanda, K. K. (1981b). GA and salicylic acid caused changes in RNAs associated with floral induction in Impatiens balsamina exposed to inductive and non-inductive photoperiods. J. of Exp. Bot., 19: 961-965.
    24. Layek, N., Guha, P., De, B. K. and Mandal, A. K. (2012). Pre-storage seed invigoration treatments for the maintenance of germinability and field performance of urdbean [Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper]. Legume Res., 35(3): 220-225.
    25. Mandal, A. K., De, B. K., Saha, R. and Basu, R. N. (2000). Seed invigoration treatments for improved storability, field emergence and productivity of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill.), Seed Sci and Technol., 28: 201-207.
    26. Marshal, A.H., Levis, D.N. (2004). Influence of seed storage conditions on seedling emergence, seedling growth and dry matter production of temperate forage grasses. J Seed Sci Technol., 32:493-501.
    27. McDonald, M.B. (1999) Seed deterioration: Physiology, repair and assessment. J Seed Sci Technol., 27:177 273.
    28. Miao-Lin, H., Yang-Kong, C., Ling-Chun, C. and Mitsuaki, S. (1995). Para-amino benzoic acid scavenges reactive oxygen species and protects DNA against UV and free radical damage. Nutri. Biochem. 6: 504-508.
    29. Milvy, P. (1973). Control of free radical mechanism in nucleic acid systems: Studies in radio protection and radio-sensitization. Fed. Proc., 32: 1895-1902.
    30. Pallavi, M. S., Kumar, S., Dangi, K. S. and Reddy, A. V. (2003). Effect of seed ageing on physiological, biochemical and yield attributes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cv. Morden. Seed Res., 31(2): 161-168.
    31. Pryor, W. A. and Lasswell, L. D. (1975). Diels-alder and 1, 4-diradical intermediates in the spontaneous polymerization of vinyl monomers. In: Adv. Free Rad. Chem. (ed. Williims, G. H.). London: Flek Sci., 5: 27.
    32. Punjabi, B., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. (1982). Maintenance of vigour, viability and productivity of stored barley seed. Seed research, 10(1): 69-71.
    33. Rudrapal, A. B. and Basu, R. N. (1980). Iodine treatment of mungbean seeds for the maintenance of vigour and viability. Curr. Sci., 49: 319-320.
    34. Saha, D. and Mandal, A. K. (2014). Pre-storage seed treatment for improved storability and field performance of high-vigour sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed. Indian Biol., 46(1): 13-18.
    35. Saha, R., Mandal, A. K. and Basu, R. N. 1990. Physiology of seed invigoration treatments in soybean (Glycine max L..) Seed Sci. & Technol., 18: 269-276.
    36. Scialabba, A., Bellani, L. M. and Dell’aquila, A. (2002). Effects of ageing on peroxidase activity and localization in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds. Euro. J. of Histochem., 46(4): 351–358.
    37. Siadat, S.A., Moosavi, A., Sharafizadeh, M. (2012). Effect of seed priming on antioxidant activity and germination characteristics of Maize seeds under different aging treatments. Research Journals of Seed Science., 5(2): 51-62.
    38. Steer, K.A., Wallace, T.M., Bolton, C.H. and Hartog M. (1997). Aspirin protects low density lipoprotein from oxidative modification. Heart., 77: 333–337.
    39. Sundareswaran, S., Krishnasamy, V., Paramasivam, V. and Ganesan, K.N. (2009). Changes in enzyme activities during seed senescence in pearl millet. (Pennisetum glaucum L.) hybrids and their parental lines. Madras Agriculture Journal., 96(7-12): 300-304.
    40. TeKrony, D.M., Egli, D.B., Wickham, D.A. (1989). Corn seed vigour effect on no tillage field performance. J Crop Sci., 29:1523-1528.
    41. Umarani, R., Bharathi, A. and Karivaratharaju, T. V. (1997). Effect of seed treatments on storage life of Casuarina equisetifolia. J. of Trop. Forest Sci., 10: 18-23.
    42. USDA 2013-14. - www.nass.usda.gov
    43. Verma, S. S., Tomer, R. P. S. and Verma, U. (2003). Loss of viability and vigour in Indian mustard seeds stored under ambient conditions. Seed Res., 31(1): 90–93.
    44. Villiers, T. A. and Edgcumbe, D. J. (1975). On the cause of seed deterioration in dry storage. Seed Sci. and Technol., 3: 761-774.
    45. Yasar, F., Ellialtioglu, S. And Yildiz, K. (2008). Effect of salt stress on antioxidant defence systems, lipid peroxidation, and chlorophyll content in green bean. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology., 55: 782-786.
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