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Research Article

volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 108-113,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3829

Response of soil arthropods population to different farming systems under cotton integrated with groundnut and pigeonpea crops

R
R. Chethan
R
R.K. Patil
B
B. Halappa
1Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India

  • Submitted11-01-2017|

  • Accepted10-09-2017|

  • First Online 04-04-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3829

Cite article:- Chethan R., Patil R.K., Halappa B. (2018). Response of soil arthropods population to different farming systems under cotton integrated with groundnut and pigeonpea crops. Legume Research. 42(1): 108-113. doi: 10.18805/LR-3829.

ABSTRACT

A study was carried out to know the response of organic, integrated and conventional farming systems on the diversity of soil meso and macro arthropod populations in the cotton inter cropped with groundnut and pigeonpea at MARS, UAS, Dharwad during kharif -2015-16. The organic farming system has recorded highest meso and macro arthropod population of 21.35 per 100 g of soil and 42.00 per pitfall trap respectively. Cotton intercropped with groundnut has recorded higher population of meso and macro arthropods (15.50 /100 g of soil and 41.26/ pitfall trap, respectively). The seasonal abundance of soil arthropods was high in October (25.89/100g of soil) and least in December (5.78/ 100g of soil) months. The diversity of soil arthropod populations assessed on the Shannon’s index of below ground arthropod populations recorded was highest in organic farming (0.61) and least in conventional farming (0.51) system. Hence, the organic farming system increases abundance and diversity of soil organisms and soil fertility, and it adds large amounts of organic residue inputs, which in turn increases the biological activity in soil.

REFERENCES

  1. Abilasha, C. R., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G., Shilpa, V. A. and Mahbob, S. S. (2013a). Effect of farmyard manure and fertilizer on soil macro faunal activity with special reference to ant’s diversity in baby corn ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., GKVK, Bangalore, p. 119. 
  2. Abilasha, C. R., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G., Shilpa V. A. and Mahabob, S. S. (2013b). Changes in the soil meso-fauna in response to the application of various doses of farm yard manure in baby corn cropping system. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., GKVK, Bangalore, p. 103. 
  3. Adis, J., Ribeiro, E. F., Morais, J. W., Cavalcante, E. T. S. and De-morais, J. W. (1989). Vertical distribution and abundance of arthropods from white sand soil of a neotropical campinarana forest during the dry season. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ., 24(4): 201-211. 
  4. Braman, S. K. and Pandley, A. F. (1993). Relative and seasonal abundance of beneficial arthropods in centipede grass as influenced by management practice. J. Econ. Entomol., 86(2): 494-504. 
  5. Carlos, P., Carolina, B., David Garcia D. L., Marina, M. and Juan Carlos, A. (2011). Effects of organic farming on plant and arthropod communities: A case study in Mediterranean dryland cereal. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 14: 193–201. 
  6. Doring, T. F. and Kromp, B. (2003). Which carabid species benefit from organic agriculture? A review of comparative studies in winter cereals from Germany and Switzerland. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 98: 153–161. 
  7. Gkisakis, V. D., Kollaros, D., Bàrberi, P., Livieratos, I. C. and Kabourakis, E. M. (2014). Soil arthropod diversity in organic, integrated, and conventional olive orchards and different agroecological zones in crete, Greece, Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, pp. 255-285. 
  8. Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984) Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, Ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 284. 
  9. Gondim, S. C., Souto, J. S., Cavalcante, L. F., Araujo, K. D. and Rodrigues, M. Q. (2010) Bio-fertilizer bovine and water salinity on soil macrofauna cultivated with yellow passion fruit. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, 5(2): 35-45. 
  10. Gruzdeva, L. I., Matveeva, E. M. and Kovalenko, T. E., (2007). Changes in soil nematode communities under the impact of fertilizers. Eurasian Soil Sci., 40: 681 – 693. 
  11. Guru, P. N. (2015). Influence of conservation agriculture practices on arthropods population. M. Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Dharwad (India). 
  12. Jose, C. B., Mario, P. C. and Marcelo, E. D. (2006a). Influence of three different land management practices on soil mite (Arachnida: Acari) densities in relation to a natural soil. Appl. Soil Ecol., 32: 293–304. 
  13. Jose, C. B., Mario, P. C. and Marcelo, E. D. (2006b). Soil springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola), symphylans and pauropods (Arthropoda: Myriapoda) under different management systems in agroecosystems of the subhumid Pampa (Argentina). European J. Soil Bio., 42: 107–119. 
  14. Lavelle, P., Decaens, T., Aubert, M., Barota. S., Blouina, M., Bureau, F., Margerie, P., Mora, P. and Rossi, J. (2006). Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. Eur. J. Soil Biol., 43: 3-15.
  15. Letourneau, D. K. and Bothwell, S. G. (2008). Comparision of organic and conventional farms, challenging ecologists to make biodiversity functional. Front. Ecol. Environ., 6: 430-438.
  16. Mader, P., Fliebbach, A., Dubois, D., Gunst, L., Fried, P. and Niggli, U. (2002). Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science., 296: 1694–1697. 
  17. Nakhro, N. and Dkhar, M. S. (2010). Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on microbial populations and biomass carbon in paddy fields., J. Agron., 9:102-110. 
  18. Narasa reddy, G., Kumar, N. G., Shilpa, V. A. and Abilasha, C. R. (2013). Relationship between soil meso-fauna and abiotic factors in soybean cropping system. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., p. 123. 
  19. Narula, A., Vatsa, L. K. and Handa, S. (1996). Soil arthropods of a deciduous forest stand. Indian J. Forestry., 19(3): 285-288. 
  20. Naureen, R., Rana, S. A., Khan, H. A. and Sohail, A. (2010). Assessment of possible threats to soil macro-invertebrates diversity in wheat fields from high input farming. Int. J. Agric. Bio., 12(6): 801-808. 
  21. Palacios, V. J. G., Castaño, G., Gomez. J. A., Martinez, B. E. and Martinez, J. (2007). Litter and soil arthropods diversity and density in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Western Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation, 16: 3703-3717. 
  22. Parwez, H. and Abbas, M. J. (2012). Seasonal diversity, habitat quality and species specific differences of micro arthropods abundance in two different managed agro-ecosystems at Aligarh. Int. J. Geology, Earth and Environ. Sci., 2 (2): 206-217. 
  23. Rashmi, M. A., Kumar, N. G. and Balakrishna, A. N. (2013). Fluctuation of soil invertebrates population in relationship to soil factors and microbial biomass C in grassland ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., p. 127. 
  24. Salavuddin, M., Bontha Rajasekar. and Patil, R.K. (2016). Estimation of soil micro arthropods in cotton intercropped with groundnut under organic, integrated and conventional farming systems. Progressive Research, 11 (2): 961-963.
  25. Santiago, F., Peredo, P., Esperanza Parada, Z., Marcela Vega C., Claudia, P. and Barrera, S., (2009). Edaphic mesofauna community structure in organic and conventional management of cranberry (Vaccinium sp.) plantations: an agro-ecological approach. J. Soil. Sci. Pl. Nut., 9(3): 236-244. 
  26. Sanyal, A. K. (1996). Soil arthropod population in two contrasting sites at Nadia, West Bengal. Environ. Ecol., 11(2): 346-350. 
  27. Schrader, S., Kienle, J., Anderson, T. H., Paulsen, H. M. and Rahmann, G. (2006). Development of collembolans after conversion towards organic farming. Asp. Appl. Bio., 79: 181-186. 
  28. Shilpa, V. Akkur., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G. and Abilasha, C. R. (2013). Abundance of soil macro-fauna in soybean ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., pp. 112. 
  29. Sundararaj, N., Nagaraj, S., Venkataramu, M. N. and Jagannath, M. K. (1972). Design and analysis of field experiments. UAS, Misc. Series, No. 22, Bangalore. 
  30. Tester, C. F. (1990). Organic amendment effects on physical and chemical properties of a sandy soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65: 1284–1292. 
  31. William, P. M., Solange, S., David, C. L., Maria Inez, P. and Walter, G. W. (2012). Effect of Increased Soil Moisture and Reduced Soil Temperature on a Desert Soil Arthropod Community, American Midland Naturalist, 116(1): 45-56. 
  32. Wurst, S. (2013) Plant-mediated links between detritivores and aboveground herbivores. Front Plant Sci., 4: 380. 
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 108-113,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3829

    Response of soil arthropods population to different farming systems under cotton integrated with groundnut and pigeonpea crops

    R
    R. Chethan
    R
    R.K. Patil
    B
    B. Halappa
    1Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India

    • Submitted11-01-2017|

    • Accepted10-09-2017|

    • First Online 04-04-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3829

    Cite article:- Chethan R., Patil R.K., Halappa B. (2018). Response of soil arthropods population to different farming systems under cotton integrated with groundnut and pigeonpea crops. Legume Research. 42(1): 108-113. doi: 10.18805/LR-3829.

    ABSTRACT

    A study was carried out to know the response of organic, integrated and conventional farming systems on the diversity of soil meso and macro arthropod populations in the cotton inter cropped with groundnut and pigeonpea at MARS, UAS, Dharwad during kharif -2015-16. The organic farming system has recorded highest meso and macro arthropod population of 21.35 per 100 g of soil and 42.00 per pitfall trap respectively. Cotton intercropped with groundnut has recorded higher population of meso and macro arthropods (15.50 /100 g of soil and 41.26/ pitfall trap, respectively). The seasonal abundance of soil arthropods was high in October (25.89/100g of soil) and least in December (5.78/ 100g of soil) months. The diversity of soil arthropod populations assessed on the Shannon’s index of below ground arthropod populations recorded was highest in organic farming (0.61) and least in conventional farming (0.51) system. Hence, the organic farming system increases abundance and diversity of soil organisms and soil fertility, and it adds large amounts of organic residue inputs, which in turn increases the biological activity in soil.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abilasha, C. R., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G., Shilpa, V. A. and Mahbob, S. S. (2013a). Effect of farmyard manure and fertilizer on soil macro faunal activity with special reference to ant’s diversity in baby corn ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., GKVK, Bangalore, p. 119. 
    2. Abilasha, C. R., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G., Shilpa V. A. and Mahabob, S. S. (2013b). Changes in the soil meso-fauna in response to the application of various doses of farm yard manure in baby corn cropping system. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., GKVK, Bangalore, p. 103. 
    3. Adis, J., Ribeiro, E. F., Morais, J. W., Cavalcante, E. T. S. and De-morais, J. W. (1989). Vertical distribution and abundance of arthropods from white sand soil of a neotropical campinarana forest during the dry season. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ., 24(4): 201-211. 
    4. Braman, S. K. and Pandley, A. F. (1993). Relative and seasonal abundance of beneficial arthropods in centipede grass as influenced by management practice. J. Econ. Entomol., 86(2): 494-504. 
    5. Carlos, P., Carolina, B., David Garcia D. L., Marina, M. and Juan Carlos, A. (2011). Effects of organic farming on plant and arthropod communities: A case study in Mediterranean dryland cereal. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 14: 193–201. 
    6. Doring, T. F. and Kromp, B. (2003). Which carabid species benefit from organic agriculture? A review of comparative studies in winter cereals from Germany and Switzerland. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 98: 153–161. 
    7. Gkisakis, V. D., Kollaros, D., Bàrberi, P., Livieratos, I. C. and Kabourakis, E. M. (2014). Soil arthropod diversity in organic, integrated, and conventional olive orchards and different agroecological zones in crete, Greece, Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, pp. 255-285. 
    8. Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984) Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, Ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, p. 284. 
    9. Gondim, S. C., Souto, J. S., Cavalcante, L. F., Araujo, K. D. and Rodrigues, M. Q. (2010) Bio-fertilizer bovine and water salinity on soil macrofauna cultivated with yellow passion fruit. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentavel, 5(2): 35-45. 
    10. Gruzdeva, L. I., Matveeva, E. M. and Kovalenko, T. E., (2007). Changes in soil nematode communities under the impact of fertilizers. Eurasian Soil Sci., 40: 681 – 693. 
    11. Guru, P. N. (2015). Influence of conservation agriculture practices on arthropods population. M. Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Dharwad (India). 
    12. Jose, C. B., Mario, P. C. and Marcelo, E. D. (2006a). Influence of three different land management practices on soil mite (Arachnida: Acari) densities in relation to a natural soil. Appl. Soil Ecol., 32: 293–304. 
    13. Jose, C. B., Mario, P. C. and Marcelo, E. D. (2006b). Soil springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola), symphylans and pauropods (Arthropoda: Myriapoda) under different management systems in agroecosystems of the subhumid Pampa (Argentina). European J. Soil Bio., 42: 107–119. 
    14. Lavelle, P., Decaens, T., Aubert, M., Barota. S., Blouina, M., Bureau, F., Margerie, P., Mora, P. and Rossi, J. (2006). Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. Eur. J. Soil Biol., 43: 3-15.
    15. Letourneau, D. K. and Bothwell, S. G. (2008). Comparision of organic and conventional farms, challenging ecologists to make biodiversity functional. Front. Ecol. Environ., 6: 430-438.
    16. Mader, P., Fliebbach, A., Dubois, D., Gunst, L., Fried, P. and Niggli, U. (2002). Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science., 296: 1694–1697. 
    17. Nakhro, N. and Dkhar, M. S. (2010). Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on microbial populations and biomass carbon in paddy fields., J. Agron., 9:102-110. 
    18. Narasa reddy, G., Kumar, N. G., Shilpa, V. A. and Abilasha, C. R. (2013). Relationship between soil meso-fauna and abiotic factors in soybean cropping system. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., p. 123. 
    19. Narula, A., Vatsa, L. K. and Handa, S. (1996). Soil arthropods of a deciduous forest stand. Indian J. Forestry., 19(3): 285-288. 
    20. Naureen, R., Rana, S. A., Khan, H. A. and Sohail, A. (2010). Assessment of possible threats to soil macro-invertebrates diversity in wheat fields from high input farming. Int. J. Agric. Bio., 12(6): 801-808. 
    21. Palacios, V. J. G., Castaño, G., Gomez. J. A., Martinez, B. E. and Martinez, J. (2007). Litter and soil arthropods diversity and density in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Western Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation, 16: 3703-3717. 
    22. Parwez, H. and Abbas, M. J. (2012). Seasonal diversity, habitat quality and species specific differences of micro arthropods abundance in two different managed agro-ecosystems at Aligarh. Int. J. Geology, Earth and Environ. Sci., 2 (2): 206-217. 
    23. Rashmi, M. A., Kumar, N. G. and Balakrishna, A. N. (2013). Fluctuation of soil invertebrates population in relationship to soil factors and microbial biomass C in grassland ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., p. 127. 
    24. Salavuddin, M., Bontha Rajasekar. and Patil, R.K. (2016). Estimation of soil micro arthropods in cotton intercropped with groundnut under organic, integrated and conventional farming systems. Progressive Research, 11 (2): 961-963.
    25. Santiago, F., Peredo, P., Esperanza Parada, Z., Marcela Vega C., Claudia, P. and Barrera, S., (2009). Edaphic mesofauna community structure in organic and conventional management of cranberry (Vaccinium sp.) plantations: an agro-ecological approach. J. Soil. Sci. Pl. Nut., 9(3): 236-244. 
    26. Sanyal, A. K. (1996). Soil arthropod population in two contrasting sites at Nadia, West Bengal. Environ. Ecol., 11(2): 346-350. 
    27. Schrader, S., Kienle, J., Anderson, T. H., Paulsen, H. M. and Rahmann, G. (2006). Development of collembolans after conversion towards organic farming. Asp. Appl. Bio., 79: 181-186. 
    28. Shilpa, V. Akkur., Kumar, N. G., Narasa Reddy, G. and Abilasha, C. R. (2013). Abundance of soil macro-fauna in soybean ecosystem. 10th Nation. Symp. Soil Biol. Ecol., pp. 112. 
    29. Sundararaj, N., Nagaraj, S., Venkataramu, M. N. and Jagannath, M. K. (1972). Design and analysis of field experiments. UAS, Misc. Series, No. 22, Bangalore. 
    30. Tester, C. F. (1990). Organic amendment effects on physical and chemical properties of a sandy soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65: 1284–1292. 
    31. William, P. M., Solange, S., David, C. L., Maria Inez, P. and Walter, G. W. (2012). Effect of Increased Soil Moisture and Reduced Soil Temperature on a Desert Soil Arthropod Community, American Midland Naturalist, 116(1): 45-56. 
    32. Wurst, S. (2013) Plant-mediated links between detritivores and aboveground herbivores. Front Plant Sci., 4: 380. 
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