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Research Article

volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 96-101,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3811

Insight into floral biology and ancillary characteristics of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.]
 

K
Kailash Chandra
R
R. Nandini
G
Gobu R
P
Pranesh
C
Chitti Bharat Kumar
R
R. Muthuraju
1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560 065, Karnataka, India

  • Submitted09-12-2016|

  • Accepted21-04-2017|

  • First Online 04-12-2017|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3811

Cite article:- Chandra Kailash, Nandini R., R Gobu, Pranesh, Kumar Bharat Chitti, Muthuraju R. (2017). Insight into floral biology and ancillary characteristics of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.]. Legume Research. 42(1): 96-101. doi: 10.18805/LR-3811.

ABSTRACT

The present study floral biology and ancillary characteristics of Bambara groundnut used SB-42, Uniswa Red, S-165-A, S-193 and nine isolated gamma irradiated stabilized mutants of SB-42 for this investigation. Mutant 11 produced significantly maximum number of pods per plant (46.05 g/ plant) and seed yield per plant (28.96 g/plant), compared to control SB-42 (40.85 g/plant, 20.54 g/plant) respectively. Results obtained from flower biology studies were, Inflorescence- Simple Racemes, Flower- Bracteates, Zygomorphic, Hermaphrodite, Pedicellate, hypogynous, Calyx- sepal 5, gamosepalous, valvate aestivation, Corolla- petals 5, Polypetalous, Papilionaceous with a standard (vexilum/banner) petal, 2 wing petals(Alae) and 2 keel petals (Carinea), Androecium- stamens 10, Didelphous condition (9+1), Gynoecium- Ovary superior, Floral formula- Br Brl       %  K(5) C1+ 2 + (2) A 9+1 G (1). 

REFERENCES

  1. Bamshaiye, O. M., Adegbola, J. A. and Bamishaiye, E. I., (2011), Bambara groundnut: An under-utilized nut in Africa, Adv. in Agri. Biotech., 1: 60-72.
  2. Begemann, F., (1988), Promotion of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), Latest developments of Bambara groundnut research. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop of the International Bambara Groundnut Network (BAMNET), 23-25 September (1998), CSIR, Accra.Ghana (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Nairobi, Kenya).
  3. Brink, M., (1997), Rates of progress toward flowering and podding in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as a function of temperature and photoperiod Ann. of Bot., 80: 505-513.
  4. Doku, E.V. and Karikari, S.K., (1970), Flowering and pod production of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterrenea) in Ghana. Ghana J. Agric Sci, 3:17-26.
  5. Doku, E. V. and Karikari, S.K., (1971), Bambara groundnut. Econ. Bot., 25(3):225-252.
  6. Ganguli, P. K. and Bhaduri, P. N., (1980), Effect of X-rays and thermal neutrons on dry seeds of green gram. Genetica Agraria, 34: 257-276.
  7. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, Gobu R., R. Muthuraju, Chitti Bharatkumar and Pranesh.(2016). In-vitro study of pollen tube length and pollen germination of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Eco. Env. & Cons. 22 (September Suppl.): 2016; pp. (S209-S213) Copyright@ EM International ISSN 0971–765X.
  8. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, Pranesh, Chitti Bharat Kumar, R. Gobu, (2017a), Improving nutritional security of India through a potential underutilized legume-Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). Environment & Ecology 35 (2): 606—610.
  9. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, R. Gobu, Pranesh and Chitti Bharat Kumar. (2017b), Studies on Emasculation and Pollination in Underutilized Legume-Bambara Groundnut- [Vigna subterranea (L.)Verdc.]. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 6(3): 266-275. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.029 
  10. Khan, I.A., (1985), Correlation and path co-efficient analysis of yield components in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb). Botanical Bull. Aca Sinica., 26(1):13-20.
  11. Khatun, S.T. and Flowers, J., (1994), The estimation of pollen viability in rice. J. Exp. Bot. 46: 151-154.
  12. Kumaga, F.K., Ofori, K. and Coblavi. C.S., (2002), Effect of time of planting on growth, flowering and seed yield of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranean (L) Verdc.]. Begemann F., I. Mukema and E. Obed – Lawson, (eds.). pp. 60 – 65.
  13. Mbagwu, F.N. and Edeoga, H.O., (2006 a), Palynological studies on some Nigerian species in Vigna savi. J. of Biol. Sci., 6(6): 1122-    1125.
  14. Mohd R. and Khan S., (2006), Estimates of genetic variability in mutated populations and the scope of selection for yield attributes in [Vigna radiata (L.] Wilczek). Egyptian .J. Biol., 8:1-6.
  15. Singh, B. and Rao, G. T., (2007), Induced morphological mutations in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Legume Res., 30(2): 137- 140.
  16. Sharma, S. K., Sood, R.K. and Pandey, D.P., (2005), Studies on mutagen sensitivity, effectiveness and efficiency in urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Indian J. Genet. Plant Breed., 65(1): 20-22.
  17. Veeraghanti, S. S., (2012), Studies on Genetic Variability in M3 generation of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) treated with gamma rays, M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agril. Sci., Bengaluru.
  18. Vijayakumar, L., (2011), Gamma irradiated variability studies in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea(L) Verdc], M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agril. Sci., Bengaluru. 
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 96-101,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3811

    Insight into floral biology and ancillary characteristics of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.]
     

    K
    Kailash Chandra
    R
    R. Nandini
    G
    Gobu R
    P
    Pranesh
    C
    Chitti Bharat Kumar
    R
    R. Muthuraju
    1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560 065, Karnataka, India

    • Submitted09-12-2016|

    • Accepted21-04-2017|

    • First Online 04-12-2017|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3811

    Cite article:- Chandra Kailash, Nandini R., R Gobu, Pranesh, Kumar Bharat Chitti, Muthuraju R. (2017). Insight into floral biology and ancillary characteristics of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.]. Legume Research. 42(1): 96-101. doi: 10.18805/LR-3811.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study floral biology and ancillary characteristics of Bambara groundnut used SB-42, Uniswa Red, S-165-A, S-193 and nine isolated gamma irradiated stabilized mutants of SB-42 for this investigation. Mutant 11 produced significantly maximum number of pods per plant (46.05 g/ plant) and seed yield per plant (28.96 g/plant), compared to control SB-42 (40.85 g/plant, 20.54 g/plant) respectively. Results obtained from flower biology studies were, Inflorescence- Simple Racemes, Flower- Bracteates, Zygomorphic, Hermaphrodite, Pedicellate, hypogynous, Calyx- sepal 5, gamosepalous, valvate aestivation, Corolla- petals 5, Polypetalous, Papilionaceous with a standard (vexilum/banner) petal, 2 wing petals(Alae) and 2 keel petals (Carinea), Androecium- stamens 10, Didelphous condition (9+1), Gynoecium- Ovary superior, Floral formula- Br Brl       %  K(5) C1+ 2 + (2) A 9+1 G (1). 

    REFERENCES

    1. Bamshaiye, O. M., Adegbola, J. A. and Bamishaiye, E. I., (2011), Bambara groundnut: An under-utilized nut in Africa, Adv. in Agri. Biotech., 1: 60-72.
    2. Begemann, F., (1988), Promotion of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), Latest developments of Bambara groundnut research. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop of the International Bambara Groundnut Network (BAMNET), 23-25 September (1998), CSIR, Accra.Ghana (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Nairobi, Kenya).
    3. Brink, M., (1997), Rates of progress toward flowering and podding in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as a function of temperature and photoperiod Ann. of Bot., 80: 505-513.
    4. Doku, E.V. and Karikari, S.K., (1970), Flowering and pod production of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterrenea) in Ghana. Ghana J. Agric Sci, 3:17-26.
    5. Doku, E. V. and Karikari, S.K., (1971), Bambara groundnut. Econ. Bot., 25(3):225-252.
    6. Ganguli, P. K. and Bhaduri, P. N., (1980), Effect of X-rays and thermal neutrons on dry seeds of green gram. Genetica Agraria, 34: 257-276.
    7. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, Gobu R., R. Muthuraju, Chitti Bharatkumar and Pranesh.(2016). In-vitro study of pollen tube length and pollen germination of underutilized legume-Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Eco. Env. & Cons. 22 (September Suppl.): 2016; pp. (S209-S213) Copyright@ EM International ISSN 0971–765X.
    8. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, Pranesh, Chitti Bharat Kumar, R. Gobu, (2017a), Improving nutritional security of India through a potential underutilized legume-Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). Environment & Ecology 35 (2): 606—610.
    9. Kailash Chandra, R. Nandini, R. Gobu, Pranesh and Chitti Bharat Kumar. (2017b), Studies on Emasculation and Pollination in Underutilized Legume-Bambara Groundnut- [Vigna subterranea (L.)Verdc.]. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 6(3): 266-275. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.029 
    10. Khan, I.A., (1985), Correlation and path co-efficient analysis of yield components in mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb). Botanical Bull. Aca Sinica., 26(1):13-20.
    11. Khatun, S.T. and Flowers, J., (1994), The estimation of pollen viability in rice. J. Exp. Bot. 46: 151-154.
    12. Kumaga, F.K., Ofori, K. and Coblavi. C.S., (2002), Effect of time of planting on growth, flowering and seed yield of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranean (L) Verdc.]. Begemann F., I. Mukema and E. Obed – Lawson, (eds.). pp. 60 – 65.
    13. Mbagwu, F.N. and Edeoga, H.O., (2006 a), Palynological studies on some Nigerian species in Vigna savi. J. of Biol. Sci., 6(6): 1122-    1125.
    14. Mohd R. and Khan S., (2006), Estimates of genetic variability in mutated populations and the scope of selection for yield attributes in [Vigna radiata (L.] Wilczek). Egyptian .J. Biol., 8:1-6.
    15. Singh, B. and Rao, G. T., (2007), Induced morphological mutations in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Legume Res., 30(2): 137- 140.
    16. Sharma, S. K., Sood, R.K. and Pandey, D.P., (2005), Studies on mutagen sensitivity, effectiveness and efficiency in urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Indian J. Genet. Plant Breed., 65(1): 20-22.
    17. Veeraghanti, S. S., (2012), Studies on Genetic Variability in M3 generation of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) treated with gamma rays, M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agril. Sci., Bengaluru.
    18. Vijayakumar, L., (2011), Gamma irradiated variability studies in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea(L) Verdc], M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Agril. Sci., Bengaluru. 
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