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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 41 issue 4 (august 2018) : 563-571,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3759

Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern U.P., India

H
Hemraj Meena
R
Ram Swaroop Meena
R
Rattan Lal
G
Gulab Singh Yadav
T
Tarik Mitran
J
Jayanta Layek
S
Somanagouda B. Patil
S
Sandeep Kumar
T
Tarun Verma
1Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India

  • Submitted27-07-2016|

  • Accepted26-06-2017|

  • First Online 15-02-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3759

Cite article:- Meena Hemraj, Meena Swaroop Ram, Lal Rattan, Yadav Singh Gulab, Mitran Tarik, Layek Jayanta, Patil B. Somanagouda, Kumar Sandeep, Verma Tarun (2018). Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern U.P., India. Legume Research. 41(4): 563-571. doi: 10.18805/LR-3759.

ABSTRACT

The impacts on yields of cluster bean were assessed for normal (15 July) and late (30 July) sowing environments and foliar spray of thiourea (500, 1000 ppm) and salicylic acid (50, 100 ppm) at 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS).Significantly higher yield parameters, yield, economics, protein content and nutrient uptake were recorded with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm as compared to all other bio regulator sprays. Similarly, spray of salicylic acid at 100 ppm enhanced yield and other growth parameters which were statistically at par with those for thiourea 500 ppm foliar spray at 45 and 60 DAS. The data show that the foliar application of bio regulators at normal sowing date enhances seed yield of clusterbean by improving the physiological processes. The interaction effects were significant between the sowing date and bio-regulators on the seed yield. The highest seed yield of 993 and 845 kg/ha was obtained with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm in normal and late sowing, respectively, while the lowest yield  of 775 and 769 kg/ha was obtained for the  water spray control in normal and  late sowing, respectively.

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  2. ASTM, (2000) Standard test methods for moisture, ash, and organic matter of peat and other organic soils. Method D 2974-00. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, PA 
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  4. Ayaz, S., McKenzie, B.A., Hill, G.D. and McNeil DL. (2004) Variability in yield of four grain legume species in a subhumid temperate environment. II. Yield components. J. Agric. Sci 142:21–28.
  5. Burman, U., Garg, B.K., and Kathju, S. (2004) Interactive effects of thiourea and phosphorus on clusterbean under water stress. Biol. Plant 486165
  6. Christensen, J.H. and Christensen, O.B. (2007) A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century. Climate Chan 81:7–30 10.1007/s10584-006-9210-7.
  7. Dadhich, R.K. and Meena, R.S. (2014) Performance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to foliar spray of thiourea and thioglycollic acid under different irrigation levels. Indian J. of Ecol. 41(2): 376-378.
  8. Dadhich, R.K., Meena R.S., Reager, M.L. and Kansotia, B.C. (2015) Response of bio-regulators to yield and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj and Cosson) under different irrigation environments. J. of Applied Sci. and Natur 7(1): 52- 57.
  9. Dadhich, R.K., Reager, M.L., Kansoti, B.C. and Meena R.S. (2014) Efficacy of growth substances on mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under hyper arid environmental condition of Rajasthan. The Ecos 8(3&4): 269-272.
  10. Dadhich, R.K., Reager, M.L., Meena, R.S. and Kansotia, B.C. (2015a) Effect of Foliar Spray of Thiourea and Thioglycollic Acid on Mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Bioinf 12(1A): 10-13. 
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  37. Meena, R. S., Yadav, R. S. and Meena, V. S. (2014). Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties to Sowing Dates and NP Fertilizers under Western Dry Zone of India. Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(2): 169-173.
  38. Meena, R. S., Yadav, R.S. and Meena, V.S. (2013) Heat unit efficiency of groundnut varieties in scattered planting with various fertility levels. The Bios. 8(4):1189-1192.
  39. Meena, R.S. and Meena, H.R. (2015) Role of Bio regulators in Clusterbean (Cyamopsistetragonoloba L.) Productivity. Ann. Agri-    Bio Res. 20(1): 37-39.
  40. Meena, R.S. and Yadav, R.S. (2014) Phonological performance of groundnut varieties under sowing environments in hyper arid zone of Rajasthan, India .J. Appl. Sci. Nat. 6(2): 344-348.
  41. Meena, R.S. and Yadav, R.S. (2013). Groundnut yields as influenced by heat unit efficiency, fertility levels and varieties under different growing environment in hyper arid of Rajasthan. Indian J. of Eco. 40(1): 110-114.
  42. Meena, R.S., Meena, V.S., Meena, S.K. and Verma, J.P. (2015a) Towards the plant stress mitigate the agricultural productivity: a book review. J. Cle. Prod. 102: 552-553.
  43. Meena, R.S., Yadav, R.S. (2015) Yield and profitability of groundnut (Arachishypogaea L) as influenced by sowing dates and nutrient levels with different varieties. Leg. Res. 38 (6): 791-797.
  44. Meena, R.S., Yadav, R.S., Reager, M.L., De, N., Meena, V.S., Verma, J.P., Verma, S.K. and Kansotia BC (2015b) Temperature use efficiency and yield of groundnut varieties in response to sowing dates and fertility levels in western dry zone of India. Ameri J. of Exp. Agri.7 (3): 170-177.
  45. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Kumar, R.K., Singh, M., Meena B.P., Meena, B.L., Meena, R.K., Kumar, U. and Kumar, S. (2016) Influence of growth regulators on nutrient concentrations, nutrient uptake and quality parameters of cluster bean varieties. Leg. Res. 39 (5): 797-801.
  46. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Meena, R.S., Meena, V.S and Meena, B.P. (2014a) Effect of growth regulators on clusterbean [Cyamopsistetragonoloba (L.)] Growth under aravali hills environment in Rajasthan. The Bios 9(2): 547-550.
  47. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Singh, M., Kumar, R.K., Meena, B.P., Meena, B.L., Meena,B.P., Ram,H., Kumar, U., Yadav,M.R. Makarana, G., Kumar, S. and Joshi, D. (2016b) Performance of cluster bean cultivars under the application of various agrochemicals in Sub - Humid area of Rajasthan. Leg. Res. 39 (5): 797-801.
  48. Meena,V.K., Kaushik, M.K. and Meena, R.S. (2014b) Response of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.)] to growth substances in sub-tropical climate of Rajasthan. Indian J. Eco. 41(1): 190-191.
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  52. Parry, M., Rosenzweig, C., Iglesias, A., Livermore, M. and Fischer, G. (2004) Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Global Environmental Change, Human and Policy Dimensions, 14: 53–67.
  53. Ravisankar, N., Balakrishnan, M., Ghoshal, S., Chaudhuri, A.S.K., Srivastava, R.C., Subramani, T. and Bommayasamy, N. (2010) Evaluation of time, method of sowing and varieties for table-purpose groundnut (Arachishypogaea) under Island ecosystem. Indian J. of Agric. Sci. 80(4): 293.
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  60. Lal, R. (2012) Climate change mitigation by managing the terrestrial biosphere. In R. Lal et al. (Eds) “Recarbonization of the Biosphere”. Springer, Dordrecht, Holland: 17-39
  61. Lal, R. (2013) Food security in a changing climate. Ecohydrol. and Hydrobio 13:1, (Sp. Iss) SI, 8-21.
  62. Lal, R. (2016) Global food security and nexus thinking. J. Soil and Water Cons. 71(4): 85A-90A
  63. Leong, S.K and Ong, C.K. (1983) The influence of temperature and soil water deficit on the development and morphology of peanuts (Arachishypogaea L.). J. Exp. Biotec. 34: 1551–1561.
  64. Mantri, N., Patade, V., Penna, S., Ford, R. and Pang, E. (2012) Abiotic stress responses in plants: present and future. In: Ahmad P, Prasad MNV (eds) Abiotic stress responses in plants: metabolism, productivity and sustainability. Springer, New York, pp 1–19.
  65. McCullough, B.D., Wilson, B. (2005) Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 49, pp. 1244-1252
  66. Mclean, E.Q. (1982) Soil pH and lime requirement. In: methods of soil analysis. R.H. Miller and D.R. keeney (Eds), Part 2, 2ndEdn, agron. Monogr. No 9, SAS abs SSA, Madison WL Pp. 199-234.
  67. Meena, R. S., Yadav, R. S. and Meena, V. S. (2014). Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties to Sowing Dates and NP Fertilizers under Western Dry Zone of India. Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(2): 169-173.
  68. Meena, R. S., Yadav, R.S. and Meena, V.S. (2013) Heat unit efficiency of groundnut varieties in scattered planting with various fertility levels. The Bios. 8(4):1189-1192.
  69. Meena, R.S. and Meena, H.R. (2015) Role of Bio regulators in Clusterbean (Cyamopsistetragonoloba L.) Productivity. Ann. Agri-    Bio Res. 20(1): 37-39.
  70. Meena, R.S. and Yadav, R.S. (2014) Phonological performance of groundnut varieties under sowing environments in hyper arid zone of Rajasthan, India .J. Appl. Sci. Nat. 6(2): 344-348.
  71. Meena, R.S. and Yadav, R.S. (2013). Groundnut yields as influenced by heat unit efficiency, fertility levels and varieties under different growing environment in hyper arid of Rajasthan. Indian J. of Eco. 40(1): 110-114.
  72. Meena, R.S., Meena, V.S., Meena, S.K. and Verma, J.P. (2015a) Towards the plant stress mitigate the agricultural productivity: a book review. J. Cle. Prod. 102: 552-553.
  73. Meena, R.S., Yadav, R.S. (2015) Yield and profitability of groundnut (Arachishypogaea L) as influenced by sowing dates and nutrient levels with different varieties. Leg. Res. 38 (6): 791-797.
  74. Meena, R.S., Yadav, R.S., Reager, M.L., De, N., Meena, V.S., Verma, J.P., Verma, S.K. and Kansotia BC (2015b) Temperature use efficiency and yield of groundnut varieties in response to sowing dates and fertility levels in western dry zone of India. Ameri J. of Exp. Agri.7 (3): 170-177.
  75. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Kumar, R.K., Singh, M., Meena B.P., Meena, B.L., Meena, R.K., Kumar, U. and Kumar, S. (2016) Influence of growth regulators on nutrient concentrations, nutrient uptake and quality parameters of cluster bean varieties. Leg. Res. 39 (5): 797-801.
  76. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Meena, R.S., Meena, V.S and Meena, B.P. (2014a) Effect of growth regulators on clusterbean [Cyamopsistetragonoloba (L.)] Growth under aravali hills environment in Rajasthan. The Bios 9(2): 547-550.
  77. Meena, V.K., Kaushik, M.K., Singh, M., Kumar, R.K., Meena, B.P., Meena, B.L., Meena,B.P., Ram,H., Kumar, U., Yadav,M.R. Makarana, G., Kumar, S. and Joshi, D. (2016b) Performance of cluster bean cultivars under the application of various agrochemicals in Sub - Humid area of Rajasthan. Leg. Res. 39 (5): 797-801.
  78. Meena,V.K., Kaushik, M.K. and Meena, R.S. (2014b) Response of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.)] to growth substances in sub-tropical climate of Rajasthan. Indian J. Eco. 41(1): 190-191.
  79. NIAM, (2014) National Institute of Agriculture Marketing, An analysis of performance of guar crop in India. GAIN report number: N4035.
  80. Nicholson, S.E. (2001) A review of climate dynamics and climate variability in Eastern Africa. In: The Limnology, Climatology and Paleoclimatology of the East African Lakes, pp. 25–56.
  81. Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E. (1982) Phosphorus. Pages 421-422 in method of soil analysis, part 2, chemical and microbiological properties. 2nd ed. A. L. Page et al eds. ASA SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  82. Parry, M., Rosenzweig, C., Iglesias, A., Livermore, M. and Fischer, G. (2004) Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Global Environmental Change, Human and Policy Dimensions, 14: 53–67.
  83. Ravisankar, N., Balakrishnan, M., Ghoshal, S., Chaudhuri, A.S.K., Srivastava, R.C., Subramani, T. and Bommayasamy, N. (2010) Evaluation of time, method of sowing and varieties for table-purpose groundnut (Arachishypogaea) under Island ecosystem. Indian J. of Agric. Sci. 80(4): 293.
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    Research Article

    volume 41 issue 4 (august 2018) : 563-571,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3759

    Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern U.P., India

    H
    Hemraj Meena
    R
    Ram Swaroop Meena
    R
    Rattan Lal
    G
    Gulab Singh Yadav
    T
    Tarik Mitran
    J
    Jayanta Layek
    S
    Somanagouda B. Patil
    S
    Sandeep Kumar
    T
    Tarun Verma
    1Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India

    • Submitted27-07-2016|

    • Accepted26-06-2017|

    • First Online 15-02-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3759

    Cite article:- Meena Hemraj, Meena Swaroop Ram, Lal Rattan, Yadav Singh Gulab, Mitran Tarik, Layek Jayanta, Patil B. Somanagouda, Kumar Sandeep, Verma Tarun (2018). Response of sowing dates and bio regulators on yield of clusterbean under current climate in alley cropping system in eastern U.P., India. Legume Research. 41(4): 563-571. doi: 10.18805/LR-3759.

    ABSTRACT

    The impacts on yields of cluster bean were assessed for normal (15 July) and late (30 July) sowing environments and foliar spray of thiourea (500, 1000 ppm) and salicylic acid (50, 100 ppm) at 45 and 60 days after sowing (DAS).Significantly higher yield parameters, yield, economics, protein content and nutrient uptake were recorded with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm as compared to all other bio regulator sprays. Similarly, spray of salicylic acid at 100 ppm enhanced yield and other growth parameters which were statistically at par with those for thiourea 500 ppm foliar spray at 45 and 60 DAS. The data show that the foliar application of bio regulators at normal sowing date enhances seed yield of clusterbean by improving the physiological processes. The interaction effects were significant between the sowing date and bio-regulators on the seed yield. The highest seed yield of 993 and 845 kg/ha was obtained with foliar spray of thiourea at 500 ppm in normal and late sowing, respectively, while the lowest yield  of 775 and 769 kg/ha was obtained for the  water spray control in normal and  late sowing, respectively.

    REFERENCES

    1. AOAC, (1960) Official methods of analysis. 18th Edition. Association of Official Agriculture Chemists, Washington.
    2. ASTM, (2000) Standard test methods for moisture, ash, and organic matter of peat and other organic soils. Method D 2974-00. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, PA 
    3. Atta-Aly, M.A., Brecht, J.K. and Huber, D.J. (2000) Ripening of tomato loculegel tissue in response to ethylene. Postharvest Bio. and Tech 19(3): 239 – 244.
    4. Ayaz, S., McKenzie, B.A., Hill, G.D. and McNeil DL. (2004) Variability in yield of four grain legume species in a subhumid temperate environment. II. Yield components. J. Agric. Sci 142:21–28.
    5. Burman, U., Garg, B.K., and Kathju, S. (2004) Interactive effects of thiourea and phosphorus on clusterbean under water stress. Biol. Plant 486165
    6. Christensen, J.H. and Christensen, O.B. (2007) A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century. Climate Chan 81:7–30 10.1007/s10584-006-9210-7.
    7. Dadhich, R.K. and Meena, R.S. (2014) Performance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to foliar spray of thiourea and thioglycollic acid under different irrigation levels. Indian J. of Ecol. 41(2): 376-378.
    8. Dadhich, R.K., Meena R.S., Reager, M.L. and Kansotia, B.C. (2015) Response of bio-regulators to yield and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj and Cosson) under different irrigation environments. J. of Applied Sci. and Natur 7(1): 52- 57.
    9. Dadhich, R.K., Reager, M.L., Kansoti, B.C. and Meena R.S. (2014) Efficacy of growth substances on mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under hyper arid environmental condition of Rajasthan. The Ecos 8(3&4): 269-272.
    10. Dadhich, R.K., Reager, M.L., Meena, R.S. and Kansotia, B.C. (2015a) Effect of Foliar Spray of Thiourea and Thioglycollic Acid on Mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Bioinf 12(1A): 10-13. 
    11. Dai A (2011) Drought under global warming: a review. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Chan 2: 45–65.
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