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Research Article

volume 41 issue 5 (october 2018) : 663-668,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3750

Genetic analysis and marker assisted backcrossing for transfer of mosaic virus resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

H
H.B. Dinesh
H
H.C. Lohithaswa
K
K.P. Viswanatha
P
Poonam Singh
L
L. Manjunatha
D
D.S. Ambika
M
M.K. Prasanna Kumar
1Kirkhouse Trust Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560 065, Karnataka, India.

  • Submitted08-07-2016|

  • Accepted09-04-2018|

  • First Online 20-08-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3750

Cite article:- Dinesh H.B., Lohithaswa H.C., Viswanatha K.P., Singh Poonam, Manjunatha L., Ambika D.S., Kumar Prasanna M.K. (2018). Genetic analysis and marker assisted backcrossing for transfer of mosaic virus resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Legume Research. 41(5): 663-668. doi: 10.18805/LR-3750.

ABSTRACT

Cowpea mosaic virus (CpMV) is known to cause yield loss of as much as 80-100 per cent. Among different approaches available in the management of this disease development and release of resistant varieties is the most viable option for farmers. Hence an investigation was carried out to study the inheritance of resistance to cowpea mosaic virus (CpMV) and to identify DNA markers linked to genomic regions conferring resistance to CpMV. The resistance was found to be governed by single recessive gene in the 191 F2:3 progenies derived from the cross C-152 (susceptible) × V-57817 (resistant).  Single marker analysis with 191 F2 individuals and 106 polymorphic SSR markers indicated that two markers, MA15 and MA80 were linked to CpMV resistance as evidenced by significant mean sum of squares due to between marker classes and putative linkage of these markers for resistance to CpMV was confirmed by bulked segregant analysis. Through linkage map constructed utilizing 91 polymorphic SSR markers it was possible for us to show that the two markers MA15 and MA80 were included in the linkage group 6 and the marker gene was likely to be present between these markers. Marker assisted backcrossing was practiced to transfer resistance gene in to an agronomically superior variety C-152.

REFERENCES

  1. Ammavasai, S., Phogat, D.S. and Solanki, I.S. (2004). Inheritance of resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Indian J. Genet., 64: 146.
  2. Andargie, M., Pasquet, R.S., Gowda, B.S., Muluvi, G.M. and Timko, M.P. (2011). Construction of a SSR based genetic map and identification of QTL for domestication traits using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between wild and cultivated cowpea [V. unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Mol. Breed., 28: 413-420.
  3. Arshad, M., Bashir, M., Sharif, A.and Malik, B.A. (1998). Inheritance of resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] to blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus. Pakistan J. Bot.,30: 263-270.
  4. Chant, S.R. (1960). The effect of infection with tobacco mosaic and cowpea yellow mosaic viruses on the growth rate and yield of cowpea in Nigeria. Emp. J. Exp. Agric., 28: 114-120.
  5. Charles, A., Walker, Jr. and Chambliss, O.L. (1981). Inheritance of resistance to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus in [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. J. American Soc. Hort. Sci., 106(4): 410-412.
  6. Diwakar, M.P. and Mali, V.R. (1976). Cowpea mosaic virus, a new record for Marathwada. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 1: 274-277.
  7. Fenner, F. (1976). The classification and nomenclature of viruses. Summary of results of meetings of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in Madrid, September, 1975. Virology, 71: 371-378.
  8. Gilmer, R.M., Whitney, W.K. and Williams, R.J. (1974). Epidemiology and control of cowpea mosaic in Western Nigeria. In pro.1st IITA Grain legume improvement workshop. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp. 325.
  9. Gioi, T.D., Boora, K.S. and Kamla Chaudhary (2012). Identification and characterization of SSR markers linked to yellow mosaic virus resistance gene(s) in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Int. J. Plant. Res. 100: 1217-1224.
  10. Gupta, P.K. and Varshney, R.K. (2000). The development and use of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and plant breeding with emphasis on bread wheat. Euphytica, 113: 163-185.
  11. Haley, C.A. and Knott, S.A. (1992). A simple regression method for mapping quantitative trait loci in line crosses using flanking markers. Heredity, 69: 315-324.
  12. Haldane, J. B. S. (1919). The probable errors of calculated linkage values, and the most accurate method of determining gametic from certain zygotic series. J. Genet., 8(4): 291–297.
  13. Kearsey, M.J. and Pooni, H.S. (1996). The Genetical Analysis of Quantitative traits. Chapman and Hall, pp. 381.
  14. Lucas, M.R., Diop, N.N., Wanamaker, S., Ehlers, J.D., Roberts, P.A. and Close, T.J. (2011). Cowpea soybean synteny clarified through an improved genetic map. Plant Genome,4: 218-225.
  15. Michelmore, R.W., Paran, I. and Kesseli, R.V. (1991). Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: A rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc Natl.Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 9828-9832.
  16. Muchero, W., Ndeye, N., Bhat, P., Fenton, R., Wanamaker, S., Pottorff, M., Hearne, S., Cisse, N., Fatokun, C., Ehlers, J.D., Roberts, P.A. and Close, T.A. (2009). A consensus genetic map of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.] and synteny based on EST derived SNPs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106: 18159-18164. 
  17. Ribaut, J.M. and Hoisington, D., (1998). Marker-assisted selection: New tools and strategies. Trends Plant. Sci., 3: 236-239.
  18. Sambrook, J., Fritsch and F.F,,Maniatis, T. (2001). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp.931-957.
  19. Singh, B.B., Chambliss, O.L. and Shamar, B. (1997). Recent advances in cowpea breeding. In: Advances in Cowpea Research. IITA-    JIRCAS, Ibadan, Nigeria.
  20. Stam, P. (1993). Construction of integrated genetic linkage maps by means of a new computer package: JOINMAP. Plant J., 3(5): 739-    744.
  21. Steele, W.M. (1972). Cowpea in Africa. Doctoral thesis submitted to University of Reading, United Kingdom, p. 114.
  22. Taiwo, M.A., Provvidenti, R. and Gonsalves, D. (1981). Inheritance of resistance to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus in Vigna unguiculata. J. Hered.,72: 433-43.
  23. Thottappilly, G. and Rossel, H.W. (1992). Virus diseases of cowpea in Tropical Africa. Trop. Pest Management, 38: 337-348.
  24. Van Hoof, H.A. (1963). Transmission of cowpea mosaic virus in Surinam. De Surinaamse Landbouw, 11:131-137.
  25. Williams, R. J. (1977). Identification of multiple disease resistance in cowpea. Trop Agric., 54 (1): 53-59.
  26. Zhang, Y.M. and Xu, S. (2004). Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in F2 incorporating phenotypes of F3 progeny. Genetics, 166: 1981-    1993. 
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    Research Article

    volume 41 issue 5 (october 2018) : 663-668,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3750

    Genetic analysis and marker assisted backcrossing for transfer of mosaic virus resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

    H
    H.B. Dinesh
    H
    H.C. Lohithaswa
    K
    K.P. Viswanatha
    P
    Poonam Singh
    L
    L. Manjunatha
    D
    D.S. Ambika
    M
    M.K. Prasanna Kumar
    1Kirkhouse Trust Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore 560 065, Karnataka, India.

    • Submitted08-07-2016|

    • Accepted09-04-2018|

    • First Online 20-08-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3750

    Cite article:- Dinesh H.B., Lohithaswa H.C., Viswanatha K.P., Singh Poonam, Manjunatha L., Ambika D.S., Kumar Prasanna M.K. (2018). Genetic analysis and marker assisted backcrossing for transfer of mosaic virus resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Legume Research. 41(5): 663-668. doi: 10.18805/LR-3750.

    ABSTRACT

    Cowpea mosaic virus (CpMV) is known to cause yield loss of as much as 80-100 per cent. Among different approaches available in the management of this disease development and release of resistant varieties is the most viable option for farmers. Hence an investigation was carried out to study the inheritance of resistance to cowpea mosaic virus (CpMV) and to identify DNA markers linked to genomic regions conferring resistance to CpMV. The resistance was found to be governed by single recessive gene in the 191 F2:3 progenies derived from the cross C-152 (susceptible) × V-57817 (resistant).  Single marker analysis with 191 F2 individuals and 106 polymorphic SSR markers indicated that two markers, MA15 and MA80 were linked to CpMV resistance as evidenced by significant mean sum of squares due to between marker classes and putative linkage of these markers for resistance to CpMV was confirmed by bulked segregant analysis. Through linkage map constructed utilizing 91 polymorphic SSR markers it was possible for us to show that the two markers MA15 and MA80 were included in the linkage group 6 and the marker gene was likely to be present between these markers. Marker assisted backcrossing was practiced to transfer resistance gene in to an agronomically superior variety C-152.

    REFERENCES

    1. Ammavasai, S., Phogat, D.S. and Solanki, I.S. (2004). Inheritance of resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Indian J. Genet., 64: 146.
    2. Andargie, M., Pasquet, R.S., Gowda, B.S., Muluvi, G.M. and Timko, M.P. (2011). Construction of a SSR based genetic map and identification of QTL for domestication traits using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between wild and cultivated cowpea [V. unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Mol. Breed., 28: 413-420.
    3. Arshad, M., Bashir, M., Sharif, A.and Malik, B.A. (1998). Inheritance of resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] to blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus. Pakistan J. Bot.,30: 263-270.
    4. Chant, S.R. (1960). The effect of infection with tobacco mosaic and cowpea yellow mosaic viruses on the growth rate and yield of cowpea in Nigeria. Emp. J. Exp. Agric., 28: 114-120.
    5. Charles, A., Walker, Jr. and Chambliss, O.L. (1981). Inheritance of resistance to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus in [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. J. American Soc. Hort. Sci., 106(4): 410-412.
    6. Diwakar, M.P. and Mali, V.R. (1976). Cowpea mosaic virus, a new record for Marathwada. J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ., 1: 274-277.
    7. Fenner, F. (1976). The classification and nomenclature of viruses. Summary of results of meetings of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in Madrid, September, 1975. Virology, 71: 371-378.
    8. Gilmer, R.M., Whitney, W.K. and Williams, R.J. (1974). Epidemiology and control of cowpea mosaic in Western Nigeria. In pro.1st IITA Grain legume improvement workshop. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp. 325.
    9. Gioi, T.D., Boora, K.S. and Kamla Chaudhary (2012). Identification and characterization of SSR markers linked to yellow mosaic virus resistance gene(s) in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Int. J. Plant. Res. 100: 1217-1224.
    10. Gupta, P.K. and Varshney, R.K. (2000). The development and use of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and plant breeding with emphasis on bread wheat. Euphytica, 113: 163-185.
    11. Haley, C.A. and Knott, S.A. (1992). A simple regression method for mapping quantitative trait loci in line crosses using flanking markers. Heredity, 69: 315-324.
    12. Haldane, J. B. S. (1919). The probable errors of calculated linkage values, and the most accurate method of determining gametic from certain zygotic series. J. Genet., 8(4): 291–297.
    13. Kearsey, M.J. and Pooni, H.S. (1996). The Genetical Analysis of Quantitative traits. Chapman and Hall, pp. 381.
    14. Lucas, M.R., Diop, N.N., Wanamaker, S., Ehlers, J.D., Roberts, P.A. and Close, T.J. (2011). Cowpea soybean synteny clarified through an improved genetic map. Plant Genome,4: 218-225.
    15. Michelmore, R.W., Paran, I. and Kesseli, R.V. (1991). Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: A rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc Natl.Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 9828-9832.
    16. Muchero, W., Ndeye, N., Bhat, P., Fenton, R., Wanamaker, S., Pottorff, M., Hearne, S., Cisse, N., Fatokun, C., Ehlers, J.D., Roberts, P.A. and Close, T.A. (2009). A consensus genetic map of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.] and synteny based on EST derived SNPs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106: 18159-18164. 
    17. Ribaut, J.M. and Hoisington, D., (1998). Marker-assisted selection: New tools and strategies. Trends Plant. Sci., 3: 236-239.
    18. Sambrook, J., Fritsch and F.F,,Maniatis, T. (2001). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp.931-957.
    19. Singh, B.B., Chambliss, O.L. and Shamar, B. (1997). Recent advances in cowpea breeding. In: Advances in Cowpea Research. IITA-    JIRCAS, Ibadan, Nigeria.
    20. Stam, P. (1993). Construction of integrated genetic linkage maps by means of a new computer package: JOINMAP. Plant J., 3(5): 739-    744.
    21. Steele, W.M. (1972). Cowpea in Africa. Doctoral thesis submitted to University of Reading, United Kingdom, p. 114.
    22. Taiwo, M.A., Provvidenti, R. and Gonsalves, D. (1981). Inheritance of resistance to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus in Vigna unguiculata. J. Hered.,72: 433-43.
    23. Thottappilly, G. and Rossel, H.W. (1992). Virus diseases of cowpea in Tropical Africa. Trop. Pest Management, 38: 337-348.
    24. Van Hoof, H.A. (1963). Transmission of cowpea mosaic virus in Surinam. De Surinaamse Landbouw, 11:131-137.
    25. Williams, R. J. (1977). Identification of multiple disease resistance in cowpea. Trop Agric., 54 (1): 53-59.
    26. Zhang, Y.M. and Xu, S. (2004). Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in F2 incorporating phenotypes of F3 progeny. Genetics, 166: 1981-    1993. 
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