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Research Article

volume 40 issue 6 (december 2017) : 1060-1065,   Doi: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.9111

Preliminary estimation of forage yield and feeding value of Lupinus angustifolius varieties cultivated in Jalisco, México, during the cool season
 

J
Juan Francisco Zamora Natera
C
Celene del Rio Obregón
I
Isidro Zapata Hernández Ramón Rodríguez Macías
P
Pedro Macedonio García López
1Instituto de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara. Zapopan, Jalisco México.
Cite article:- Natera Zamora Francisco Juan, Obregón Rio del Celene, Macías Rodríguez Ramón Hernández Zapata Isidro, López García Macedonio Pedro (2017). Preliminary estimation of forage yield and feeding value of Lupinus angustifolius varieties cultivated in Jalisco, México, during the cool season. Legume Research. 40(6): 1060-1065. doi: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.9111.

ABSTRACT

The effects of genotype and harvest date on lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) forage yield and quality were evaluated in Zapopan Jalisco, Mexico. Cultivars Haags Blaue, Boregine, Borlu, Probor, Sonate, and Boruta were grown during the 2013–2014 cool season and harvested twice, in January (early harvest) and February (late harvest). Fresh and dry matter (FM, DM) yield, crude protein(CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), minerals, and total alkaloids were measured at each harvest. FM yields varied from 9.1 to 12.2 t ha-1 and from 23.4 t ha-1 to 35.3 t ha-1 at the first and late harvests, respectively. DM yields from early harvest plants varied from 1.2 to 1.7 t ha-1; those from the second harvest (late harvest date) varied from 3.4 to 6.8 t ha-1. The highest CP content for both (early and late harvests) was identified in the Probor cultivar, at 226 and 187 g/kg, respectively. At early harvest, ADF values varied from 291.2 in Sonate to 392.3 g/kg in Borlu; at late harvest, ADF values varied from 417.2 in Sonate to 488.3 g/kg in Borlu. Harvest date and varieties did not influence alkaloid and mineral content. 

REFERENCES

  1. Adejumo, J.O. (1992). Effect of plant age and harvest date in the dry season on yield and quality of Gliricidia sepium in southern Nigeria. Trop. Grasslands. 26: 21-24.
  2. Ahmad, Z., Ghafoor, A., and Ali, A. (2000). Evaluation of three exotic legume species for fodder potential. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 3:2079-2081.
  3. Aniszewski, T. (1988). Environment, phenological development and dry matter formation of the blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) varieties in northern Finland. Acta Agric. Scand. 38: 303-316. 
  4. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (1990). Official Method of Analysis AOAC. Arlington, USA. 
  5. Bhardwaj, H.L., Starner, D.E., and Van Santen, E. (2010). Preliminary evaluation of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as a forage crop in the mid-atlantic region of the United States of America. J. Agric. Sci. 2:13-17.
  6. Evitayani, L.W., Fariani, A., Ichinohe, T., and Fujihara, T. (2004). Study on nutritive value of tropical forages in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17: 1518-1523.
  7. Faligowska, A., Selwet, M., Panasiewicz, K., Szymañska, G. and Smiatacz, K. (2014).The effect of forage harvest date and inoculation on the yield and fermentation characteristics of narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) when ensiled as a whole crop. Legume Res. 37: 621-627.
  8. Forbes, J.C. and Gelman, A.L. (1981). Copper and other minerals in herbage species and varieties on copper deficient soils. Grass and Forage Sci. 36: 25-30.
  9. Fraser, M.D., Fychan, R. and Jones, R. (2001). The effect of harvest date and inoculation on the yield, fermentation characteristics and feeding value of forage pea and field bean silages. Grass Forage Sci. 56:218-230.
  10. Fraser, M.D., Fychan, R. and Jones, R. (2005). Comparative yield and chemical composition of two varieties of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) when harvested as whole-crop, moist grain and dry grain. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 120:43–50.
  11. Fulkerson, W. J., Neal J. S., Clark C. F., Horadagoda A., Nandra K. S. and Barchia, I. (2007) Nutritive value of forage species grown in the warm temperate climate of Australia for dairy cows: grasses and legumes. Livest. Sci. 107: 253–264. 
  12. Gladstones, J.S. (1998).Distribution, Origin, Taxonomy, History and Importance. In: Lupins as Crop Plants; Biology, Production and Utilization. Gladstones J.S., Atkins C. and Hamblin J. (Eds). CAB International, New York, USA, pp. 1-39.
  13. González-Andrés, F. and Ortiz, J.M. (1996). Potential of Cytisus and allied genera (Genisteae: Fabaceae) as forage shrubs: 1. Seed germination and agronomy. New Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 39:195-204.
  14. Jansen, G., Jürgens, H.U., Schliephake, E., Seddig, S. and Ordon, F. (2015). Effects of growing system and season on the alkaloid content and yield of different sweet L. angustifolius genotypes. J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 88:1-4
  15. Jansen, G., Jürgens, H. U., Schliephake, E. and Ordon, F. (2012). Effect of the Soil pH on the Alkaloid Content of Lupinus angustifolius. Int.J.Agron. 1-6.
  16. Kaplan M, Uzun S, Kökten K (2014). Effects of harvest time on hay yield and quality of different bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) lines. Legume Research. 37:188-194.
  17. Kirchhof, S.,Eisner, I., Gierus. M. and Südekum, K.H. (2010). Variation in the contents of crude protein fractions of different forage legumes during the spring growth. Grass Forage Sci. 65: 376–382
  18. Kökten, K., Seydoþoðlu, S., Kaplan, M. and Boydak, E. (2014). Forage nutritive value of soybean varieties. Legume Res. 37:206-214
  19. Lulseged G. and Jamal M. (1999).The potential of crop residues, particularly wheat straw, as livestock feed in Ethiopia. Farmers, their animals and the environment, ILRI on disc, a joint FAO/ILRI production.Lindström, B. E. M., Frankow-Lindberg, B. E., Dahlin, A. S., Wivstad, M., and Watson, C. A. (2013). Micronutrient concentrations in common and novel forage species and varieties grown on two contrasting soils. Grass and Forage Sci. 68: 427-436.
  20. Maknickienë, Z., and Asakavièiûtë, R. (2008). Alkaloid content variations in lupin (Lupinus L.) genotypes and vegetation periods. Biologija. 54: 112-115.
  21. Matizha, W., Ngongoni, N.T., Topps J.H. and Sibanda, S. (2001). Chemical composition of three herbaceous tropical forage legumes grown successfully in Zimbabwe. J. Appl. Sci. S. Afr. 7:73-82.
  22. Norton, B.W. and Poppi, D. P. (1995). Composition and nutritional attributes of pasture legumes. In: Tropical Legumes in Animal Nutrition. D‘Mello J.P.F., Devendra C. (Eds). CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 23-48.
  23. Romero, R.V., Hazard, S.T., Márquez, B.M. and Hiriart, L.M. (1993). Evaluación agronómica de dos especies de lupino Lupinus albus y Lupinus mutabilis como alternativas de forraje suplementario en secano. Agricultura Tecnica. 53: 303-309.
  24. Özcan, M.M. (2006). Determination of the mineral compositions of some selected oil-bearing seeds and kernels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES) (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry). Grasas y Aceites. 57: 211-218.
  25. Pirhofer Walzl, K., Søegaard, K., Høgh jensen, H., Eriksen, J., Sanderson, M.A. and Rasmussen, J. (2011). Forage herbs improve mineral composition of grassland herbage. Grass and Forage Sci. 66: 415-423.
  26. Sincik, M., Bilgili, U., Uzun, A. and Acikgoz, E. (2007). Harvest stage effects on forage yield and quality for rape and turnip genotypes. Span. J. Agric. Res. 5: 510-516.
  27. Sheaffer, C.C. and Seguin P. (2003). Forage legumes for sustainable cropping systems. J. Crop Prod. 8:187-216.
  28. Skujins, S. (1998). Handbook for ICP-AES (Varian-Vista). A short Guide To Vista Series ICP-AES Operation. Varian Int. AG, Zug, Version 1.0, Switzerland. 
  29. Schulze, J., Temple, G., Temple, S.J., Beschow, H., and Vance, C.P. (2006). Nitrogen fixation by white lupin under phosphorus deficiency.Ann. Bot. 98: 731-740.
  30. Tiemann, T.T., Franco, L.H., Peters, M., Frossard, E., Kreuzer, M., Lascano, C.E., and Hess, H.D. (2009). Effect of season, soil type and fertilizer on the biomass production and chemical composition of five tropical shrub legumes with forage potential. Grass and Forage Sci. 64: 255-265.
  31. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci .74: 3583 – 3597.
  32. Wink, M., Meißner, C., and Witte, L. (1995). Patterns of quinolizidine alkaloids in 56 species of the genus Lupinus. Phytochemistry. 38: 139-153
  33. Yeheyis, L., Kijora, C., Van Santen, E., and Peters, K.J. (2012a). Sweet annual lupins (Lupinus spp.); their adaptability and productivity in different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia. J.Anim. Sci. Adv. 2: 201-215.
  34. Yeheyis, L., Kijora C., Van Santen, E., Wink, M., Danier, J. and Peters, K.J. (2012b). Crude protein, amino acid and alkaloid contents of annual sweet lupin (Lupinus spp. L.) forages and seeds grown in Ethiopia. Exper. Agric. 48: 414-427
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    Research Article

    volume 40 issue 6 (december 2017) : 1060-1065,   Doi: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.9111

    Preliminary estimation of forage yield and feeding value of Lupinus angustifolius varieties cultivated in Jalisco, México, during the cool season
     

    J
    Juan Francisco Zamora Natera
    C
    Celene del Rio Obregón
    I
    Isidro Zapata Hernández Ramón Rodríguez Macías
    P
    Pedro Macedonio García López
    1Instituto de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara. Zapopan, Jalisco México.
    Cite article:- Natera Zamora Francisco Juan, Obregón Rio del Celene, Macías Rodríguez Ramón Hernández Zapata Isidro, López García Macedonio Pedro (2017). Preliminary estimation of forage yield and feeding value of Lupinus angustifolius varieties cultivated in Jalisco, México, during the cool season. Legume Research. 40(6): 1060-1065. doi: 10.18805/lr.v0iOF.9111.

    ABSTRACT

    The effects of genotype and harvest date on lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) forage yield and quality were evaluated in Zapopan Jalisco, Mexico. Cultivars Haags Blaue, Boregine, Borlu, Probor, Sonate, and Boruta were grown during the 2013–2014 cool season and harvested twice, in January (early harvest) and February (late harvest). Fresh and dry matter (FM, DM) yield, crude protein(CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), minerals, and total alkaloids were measured at each harvest. FM yields varied from 9.1 to 12.2 t ha-1 and from 23.4 t ha-1 to 35.3 t ha-1 at the first and late harvests, respectively. DM yields from early harvest plants varied from 1.2 to 1.7 t ha-1; those from the second harvest (late harvest date) varied from 3.4 to 6.8 t ha-1. The highest CP content for both (early and late harvests) was identified in the Probor cultivar, at 226 and 187 g/kg, respectively. At early harvest, ADF values varied from 291.2 in Sonate to 392.3 g/kg in Borlu; at late harvest, ADF values varied from 417.2 in Sonate to 488.3 g/kg in Borlu. Harvest date and varieties did not influence alkaloid and mineral content. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Adejumo, J.O. (1992). Effect of plant age and harvest date in the dry season on yield and quality of Gliricidia sepium in southern Nigeria. Trop. Grasslands. 26: 21-24.
    2. Ahmad, Z., Ghafoor, A., and Ali, A. (2000). Evaluation of three exotic legume species for fodder potential. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 3:2079-2081.
    3. Aniszewski, T. (1988). Environment, phenological development and dry matter formation of the blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) varieties in northern Finland. Acta Agric. Scand. 38: 303-316. 
    4. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (1990). Official Method of Analysis AOAC. Arlington, USA. 
    5. Bhardwaj, H.L., Starner, D.E., and Van Santen, E. (2010). Preliminary evaluation of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as a forage crop in the mid-atlantic region of the United States of America. J. Agric. Sci. 2:13-17.
    6. Evitayani, L.W., Fariani, A., Ichinohe, T., and Fujihara, T. (2004). Study on nutritive value of tropical forages in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17: 1518-1523.
    7. Faligowska, A., Selwet, M., Panasiewicz, K., Szymañska, G. and Smiatacz, K. (2014).The effect of forage harvest date and inoculation on the yield and fermentation characteristics of narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) when ensiled as a whole crop. Legume Res. 37: 621-627.
    8. Forbes, J.C. and Gelman, A.L. (1981). Copper and other minerals in herbage species and varieties on copper deficient soils. Grass and Forage Sci. 36: 25-30.
    9. Fraser, M.D., Fychan, R. and Jones, R. (2001). The effect of harvest date and inoculation on the yield, fermentation characteristics and feeding value of forage pea and field bean silages. Grass Forage Sci. 56:218-230.
    10. Fraser, M.D., Fychan, R. and Jones, R. (2005). Comparative yield and chemical composition of two varieties of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) when harvested as whole-crop, moist grain and dry grain. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 120:43–50.
    11. Fulkerson, W. J., Neal J. S., Clark C. F., Horadagoda A., Nandra K. S. and Barchia, I. (2007) Nutritive value of forage species grown in the warm temperate climate of Australia for dairy cows: grasses and legumes. Livest. Sci. 107: 253–264. 
    12. Gladstones, J.S. (1998).Distribution, Origin, Taxonomy, History and Importance. In: Lupins as Crop Plants; Biology, Production and Utilization. Gladstones J.S., Atkins C. and Hamblin J. (Eds). CAB International, New York, USA, pp. 1-39.
    13. González-Andrés, F. and Ortiz, J.M. (1996). Potential of Cytisus and allied genera (Genisteae: Fabaceae) as forage shrubs: 1. Seed germination and agronomy. New Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 39:195-204.
    14. Jansen, G., Jürgens, H.U., Schliephake, E., Seddig, S. and Ordon, F. (2015). Effects of growing system and season on the alkaloid content and yield of different sweet L. angustifolius genotypes. J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 88:1-4
    15. Jansen, G., Jürgens, H. U., Schliephake, E. and Ordon, F. (2012). Effect of the Soil pH on the Alkaloid Content of Lupinus angustifolius. Int.J.Agron. 1-6.
    16. Kaplan M, Uzun S, Kökten K (2014). Effects of harvest time on hay yield and quality of different bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) lines. Legume Research. 37:188-194.
    17. Kirchhof, S.,Eisner, I., Gierus. M. and Südekum, K.H. (2010). Variation in the contents of crude protein fractions of different forage legumes during the spring growth. Grass Forage Sci. 65: 376–382
    18. Kökten, K., Seydoþoðlu, S., Kaplan, M. and Boydak, E. (2014). Forage nutritive value of soybean varieties. Legume Res. 37:206-214
    19. Lulseged G. and Jamal M. (1999).The potential of crop residues, particularly wheat straw, as livestock feed in Ethiopia. Farmers, their animals and the environment, ILRI on disc, a joint FAO/ILRI production.Lindström, B. E. M., Frankow-Lindberg, B. E., Dahlin, A. S., Wivstad, M., and Watson, C. A. (2013). Micronutrient concentrations in common and novel forage species and varieties grown on two contrasting soils. Grass and Forage Sci. 68: 427-436.
    20. Maknickienë, Z., and Asakavièiûtë, R. (2008). Alkaloid content variations in lupin (Lupinus L.) genotypes and vegetation periods. Biologija. 54: 112-115.
    21. Matizha, W., Ngongoni, N.T., Topps J.H. and Sibanda, S. (2001). Chemical composition of three herbaceous tropical forage legumes grown successfully in Zimbabwe. J. Appl. Sci. S. Afr. 7:73-82.
    22. Norton, B.W. and Poppi, D. P. (1995). Composition and nutritional attributes of pasture legumes. In: Tropical Legumes in Animal Nutrition. D‘Mello J.P.F., Devendra C. (Eds). CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 23-48.
    23. Romero, R.V., Hazard, S.T., Márquez, B.M. and Hiriart, L.M. (1993). Evaluación agronómica de dos especies de lupino Lupinus albus y Lupinus mutabilis como alternativas de forraje suplementario en secano. Agricultura Tecnica. 53: 303-309.
    24. Özcan, M.M. (2006). Determination of the mineral compositions of some selected oil-bearing seeds and kernels using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES) (Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry). Grasas y Aceites. 57: 211-218.
    25. Pirhofer Walzl, K., Søegaard, K., Høgh jensen, H., Eriksen, J., Sanderson, M.A. and Rasmussen, J. (2011). Forage herbs improve mineral composition of grassland herbage. Grass and Forage Sci. 66: 415-423.
    26. Sincik, M., Bilgili, U., Uzun, A. and Acikgoz, E. (2007). Harvest stage effects on forage yield and quality for rape and turnip genotypes. Span. J. Agric. Res. 5: 510-516.
    27. Sheaffer, C.C. and Seguin P. (2003). Forage legumes for sustainable cropping systems. J. Crop Prod. 8:187-216.
    28. Skujins, S. (1998). Handbook for ICP-AES (Varian-Vista). A short Guide To Vista Series ICP-AES Operation. Varian Int. AG, Zug, Version 1.0, Switzerland. 
    29. Schulze, J., Temple, G., Temple, S.J., Beschow, H., and Vance, C.P. (2006). Nitrogen fixation by white lupin under phosphorus deficiency.Ann. Bot. 98: 731-740.
    30. Tiemann, T.T., Franco, L.H., Peters, M., Frossard, E., Kreuzer, M., Lascano, C.E., and Hess, H.D. (2009). Effect of season, soil type and fertilizer on the biomass production and chemical composition of five tropical shrub legumes with forage potential. Grass and Forage Sci. 64: 255-265.
    31. Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci .74: 3583 – 3597.
    32. Wink, M., Meißner, C., and Witte, L. (1995). Patterns of quinolizidine alkaloids in 56 species of the genus Lupinus. Phytochemistry. 38: 139-153
    33. Yeheyis, L., Kijora, C., Van Santen, E., and Peters, K.J. (2012a). Sweet annual lupins (Lupinus spp.); their adaptability and productivity in different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia. J.Anim. Sci. Adv. 2: 201-215.
    34. Yeheyis, L., Kijora C., Van Santen, E., Wink, M., Danier, J. and Peters, K.J. (2012b). Crude protein, amino acid and alkaloid contents of annual sweet lupin (Lupinus spp. L.) forages and seeds grown in Ethiopia. Exper. Agric. 48: 414-427
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