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volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 367-374,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00099.5

Co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. as bio-enhancer and bio-fertilizer in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

N
Navprabhjot Kaur
P
Poonam Sharma*
S
Sunita Sharma
1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India.
Cite article:- Kaur Navprabhjot, Sharma* Poonam, Sharma Sunita (2025). Co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. as bio-enhancer and bio-fertilizer in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research. 38(3): 367-374. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00099.5.

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was undertaken to study the synergistic effect of recommended Mesorhizobium sp. (LGR -33) (Meso) and native potential PGPR Pseudomonas sp. (PGPR 2 and PGPR 3) along with reference strain Pseudomonas diminuta (LK884) on bio-enhancing activity, symbiotic parameters and grain yield in desi (PBG 1) and kabuli (BG 1053) under field conditions in chickpea during rabi 2009-2010. Significant improvement in growth and symbiotic parameters was observed with co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. with native potential Pseudomonas sp. PGPR as compared to single inoculants of Mesorhizobium sp. in both varieties. Maximum improvement in symbiotic parameters was observed with co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and PGPR 3 followed by native PGPR 2 as compared to LK884 (reference). On an average, co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. with PGPR 3 improved the yield by 7.0% (desi) and 5.3% (kabuli) over Mesorhizobium sp. alone. It appears that native potential Pseudomonas sp. PGPR can be explored as potent bio-enhancers and bio-fertilizers along with Mesorhizobium sp. in chickpea under low input technology programme of sustainable agriculture.

REFERENCES

  1. Afzal, A. and Bano, A. (2008) Rhizobium and phosphate solubilising bacteria improve the yield and phosphorus uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Int J Agri Biol 10:85-88.
  2. Amir, H.G., Shamsuddinm, Z.H., Halimi, M.S., Ramlan, M.F., Marziah, M. (2001) Effects of Azospirillum inoculation on N2 fixation and growth of oil palm plantlets at nursery stage. J Oil Palm Research 13: 42–49.
  3. Ashrafuzzaman, M., Hossen, F.A., Ismail, M.R., Hoque, Md. A., Islam, M.Z., Shahidullah, S.M., Mcon, S. (2009) Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the enhancement of rice growth. Afr J Biotech 8:1247-1252.
  4. Bansal R. K. (2009) Synergistic effect of Rhizobium, PSB and PGPR on nodulation and grain yield of mungbean. J Food Legumes 22(1):37-39.
  5. Barea J.M., Pozo, M.J., Azcón, R., Azcón-Aguilar, C. (200 Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. J Expl Bot 56:1761- 1778.
  6. Biswas, J.C. (1998) Effect of nitrogen fixing bacteria on growth promotion of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.).Ph.D. Thesis University of Philippines, Los Ban˜os.
  7. Chandra,R. and Pareek, R.P. (2002) Effect of Rhizobacteria in urdbean and lentil. Indian J Pulses Res 15:152-155.
  8. Garcia, J.A., Probanza, A., Ramos, B., Burriuso, J., Manero, F.J. (2004) Effect of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and Sinorhizobium fredii on biological nitrogen fixation, nodulation and growth of Glycine max cv. Osumi. Pl Soil 267:143-153.
  9. Gulati, S.L., Mishra, S.K., Gulati, N., Tyagi, M.C. (2001) Effect of inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on cowpea. Indian J Microbiol 41:223-224.
  10. Hafeez, F.Y., Safdar, M.E., Chaudhry, A.U., Malik, K.A. (2004) Rhizobial inoculation improves seedling emergence, nutrient uptake and growth of cotton. Aust J Exper Agric 44: 617-622.
  11. Halverson, L.J. and Handelsman, J. (1991) Enhancement of soybean nodulation by Bacillus cereus UW85 in the field and in a growth chamber. Appl Envir Microbiol 57(9): 2767-2770.
  12. Jackson, M.L. (1973) Phosphorous determination for soils.In: Soil Chemical Analysis.pp 134-82. Prentic Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi India.
  13. Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Wani, P.A. (2006) Role of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture – A review. Agron Sustainable Dev 26:1-15.
  14. Khurana, A.S. and Sharma, P. (2000) Effect of dual inoculation of phosphate solubilising bacteria, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Cicer) and phosphorus on nitrogen fixation and yield of chickpea. Indian J Pulses Res 13:66-67.
  15. Kumar, B.S.D., Berggren, I. Marlensson, A.M. (2000) Potential for improving pea production by co-inoculation with fluorescent Pseudomonas and Rhizobium. Pl Soil 229:25-34.
  16. Kumar, R. and Chandra, R. (2008) Influence of PGPR and PSB on Rhizobium leguminosarum Bv. Viciae strain competition and symbiotic performance in lentil. World J Agric Sci 4:297-301.
  17. Ladha, J.K., Kirk, G.J.D., Bennett, J., Reddy, C.K., Reddy, P.M., Singh, U. (1998) Opportunities for increased nitrogen use efficiency from improved lowland rice germplasm. Field Crop Res 56:36-69.
  18. Lata, A.K.S. and Tilak, K.V.B.R. (2000) Bio-fertilizers to augment soil fertility and crop production. In: Krishna K R (ed) Soil Fertility and Crop production. Pp 279-312. Science Publishers, Enfield, New York, USA.
  19. Mahmoud, A.L.E. and Abd-Alla, M.H. (2001 Siderophore production by some microorganisms and their effect on Bradyrhizobium-Mung Bean symbiosis. Int J Agric Biol 3(2):157-162.
  20. McKenzie, H.A. and Wallace, H.A. (1954) The kjeldahl determination of nitrogen. Aust J Chem 16:55-79.
  21. Parmar, N. and Dadarwal, K.R. (1999) Stimulation of nitrogen fixation and induction of flavonoid like compounds by rhizobacteria. J Appl Microbiol 86:36-44.
  22. Perret, X., Staehelin, C., Broughton, W. J. (2000) Molecular basis of symbiotic promiscuity. Microbiol Molecul Biol Rev 64:180-201.
  23. Qureshi, M.A., Ahmad, Naveed, M., Iqbal, A., Akhtar, N., Niazi, K.H. (2009) Co-inoculation with Mesorhizobium ciceri and Azotobacter chroococcum for improving growth, nodulation and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Soil Environ 28:124-129.
  24. Rai, R. and Hunt, P.G. (1993) Inoculation of maize varieties with salt tolerant mutants of Azospirillum brasilense and VAM fungi in saline calcareous soil. Microbiol. Res1: 243–251.
  25. Roopa, B., Maya C and Makari, H.K.(2012)Effect of different PGPR strains with Rhizobium on nodulation and chickpea productivity. Asian J Exp Biol Sci 3:424-426.
  26. Sahin, F., Cakmakci, R., Kantar, F. (2004) Sugar beet and barley yields in relation to inoculation with N2-fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Pl Soil 265: 123–129.
  27. Sarig, S., Okon, Y., Blum, A. (1990) Promoting of leaf area development and yield on Sorghum bicolor inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Symbiosis 9:235-245.
  28. Sarna, S., Sharma, P., Khurana, A.S. (2008) Combined inoculation of Azotobacter and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on the efficiency of Rhizobium in chickpea. Ann Pl Soil Res 10: 39-43.
  29. Sharma, P. and Khurana, A.S. (2007) Consortia of Rhizobium, phosphorus solubilising bacteria and rhizobacteria in lentil (Lens culianris Medik.). Indian J Ecol 33: 106-108.
  30. Sharma, P., Jeenie., Singh, P. (2007) Synergism among phosphate solubilising bacteria, Rhizobium and PGPR in green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek.) and black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Microbiol World 9: 41-44.
  31. Singh, B.C. and Hiremath, S.M. (1990) Effect of Rhizobium on nodulation and leghaemoglobin in mungbean. Curr Res 19:101-102.
  32. Singh, N.P. (2012) Project Coordinator’s report (2011-12), In: All India Coordinated Research Project in Chickpea. Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur. pp 19-20.
  33. Sivaramaiah, N., Malik, D.K., Sindhu, S.S. (2007) Improvement in symbiotic efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) by co-inocualtion of Bacillus strains with Mesorhizobium sp. Cicer. Indian J Microbiol 47: 51-56.
  34. Tilak, K.V.B.R., Ranganayaki, N., Pal, K.K., De, R., Saxena, A.K., Nautiyal, C.S., Mittal, S., Tripathi, A.K., Johri, B.N. (2005) Diversity of plant growth and soil health supporting bacteria. Curr Sci 89(1):136-149.
  35. Wilson, D.O. and Reisenauer. (1963 ) Determination of leghaemoglobin in legume nodules. Anal Biochem 6: 27-30.
  36. Witham, P.H., Baidyes, D.F., Delvin, R.M. (1971) Chlorophyll absorption of sp. ectrum and quantitative determination. Expt Plant Physiology. Published by Von Nastrand Reinhoed Company, New York. pp. 51-56.
  37. Yadav, J, Verma J P and Tiwan N K (2010) Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on seed germination and plant growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under in vitro conditions. Biol. Forum. Inter. J (2): 15-18
  38. Zhang, F., Dashti, N., Hynes, R.K. Smith, D.L. (1996) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) nodulation and nitrogen fixation at suboptimal root zone temperature. Ann Bot 79:243-249.
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    volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 367-374,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00099.5

    Co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. as bio-enhancer and bio-fertilizer in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

    N
    Navprabhjot Kaur
    P
    Poonam Sharma*
    S
    Sunita Sharma
    1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India.
    Cite article:- Kaur Navprabhjot, Sharma* Poonam, Sharma Sunita (2025). Co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. as bio-enhancer and bio-fertilizer in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research. 38(3): 367-374. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00099.5.

    ABSTRACT

    The present investigation was undertaken to study the synergistic effect of recommended Mesorhizobium sp. (LGR -33) (Meso) and native potential PGPR Pseudomonas sp. (PGPR 2 and PGPR 3) along with reference strain Pseudomonas diminuta (LK884) on bio-enhancing activity, symbiotic parameters and grain yield in desi (PBG 1) and kabuli (BG 1053) under field conditions in chickpea during rabi 2009-2010. Significant improvement in growth and symbiotic parameters was observed with co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. with native potential Pseudomonas sp. PGPR as compared to single inoculants of Mesorhizobium sp. in both varieties. Maximum improvement in symbiotic parameters was observed with co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. and PGPR 3 followed by native PGPR 2 as compared to LK884 (reference). On an average, co-inoculation of Mesorhizobium sp. with PGPR 3 improved the yield by 7.0% (desi) and 5.3% (kabuli) over Mesorhizobium sp. alone. It appears that native potential Pseudomonas sp. PGPR can be explored as potent bio-enhancers and bio-fertilizers along with Mesorhizobium sp. in chickpea under low input technology programme of sustainable agriculture.

    REFERENCES

    1. Afzal, A. and Bano, A. (2008) Rhizobium and phosphate solubilising bacteria improve the yield and phosphorus uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Int J Agri Biol 10:85-88.
    2. Amir, H.G., Shamsuddinm, Z.H., Halimi, M.S., Ramlan, M.F., Marziah, M. (2001) Effects of Azospirillum inoculation on N2 fixation and growth of oil palm plantlets at nursery stage. J Oil Palm Research 13: 42–49.
    3. Ashrafuzzaman, M., Hossen, F.A., Ismail, M.R., Hoque, Md. A., Islam, M.Z., Shahidullah, S.M., Mcon, S. (2009) Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the enhancement of rice growth. Afr J Biotech 8:1247-1252.
    4. Bansal R. K. (2009) Synergistic effect of Rhizobium, PSB and PGPR on nodulation and grain yield of mungbean. J Food Legumes 22(1):37-39.
    5. Barea J.M., Pozo, M.J., Azcón, R., Azcón-Aguilar, C. (200 Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. J Expl Bot 56:1761- 1778.
    6. Biswas, J.C. (1998) Effect of nitrogen fixing bacteria on growth promotion of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.).Ph.D. Thesis University of Philippines, Los Ban˜os.
    7. Chandra,R. and Pareek, R.P. (2002) Effect of Rhizobacteria in urdbean and lentil. Indian J Pulses Res 15:152-155.
    8. Garcia, J.A., Probanza, A., Ramos, B., Burriuso, J., Manero, F.J. (2004) Effect of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and Sinorhizobium fredii on biological nitrogen fixation, nodulation and growth of Glycine max cv. Osumi. Pl Soil 267:143-153.
    9. Gulati, S.L., Mishra, S.K., Gulati, N., Tyagi, M.C. (2001) Effect of inoculation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on cowpea. Indian J Microbiol 41:223-224.
    10. Hafeez, F.Y., Safdar, M.E., Chaudhry, A.U., Malik, K.A. (2004) Rhizobial inoculation improves seedling emergence, nutrient uptake and growth of cotton. Aust J Exper Agric 44: 617-622.
    11. Halverson, L.J. and Handelsman, J. (1991) Enhancement of soybean nodulation by Bacillus cereus UW85 in the field and in a growth chamber. Appl Envir Microbiol 57(9): 2767-2770.
    12. Jackson, M.L. (1973) Phosphorous determination for soils.In: Soil Chemical Analysis.pp 134-82. Prentic Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi India.
    13. Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Wani, P.A. (2006) Role of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture – A review. Agron Sustainable Dev 26:1-15.
    14. Khurana, A.S. and Sharma, P. (2000) Effect of dual inoculation of phosphate solubilising bacteria, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Cicer) and phosphorus on nitrogen fixation and yield of chickpea. Indian J Pulses Res 13:66-67.
    15. Kumar, B.S.D., Berggren, I. Marlensson, A.M. (2000) Potential for improving pea production by co-inoculation with fluorescent Pseudomonas and Rhizobium. Pl Soil 229:25-34.
    16. Kumar, R. and Chandra, R. (2008) Influence of PGPR and PSB on Rhizobium leguminosarum Bv. Viciae strain competition and symbiotic performance in lentil. World J Agric Sci 4:297-301.
    17. Ladha, J.K., Kirk, G.J.D., Bennett, J., Reddy, C.K., Reddy, P.M., Singh, U. (1998) Opportunities for increased nitrogen use efficiency from improved lowland rice germplasm. Field Crop Res 56:36-69.
    18. Lata, A.K.S. and Tilak, K.V.B.R. (2000) Bio-fertilizers to augment soil fertility and crop production. In: Krishna K R (ed) Soil Fertility and Crop production. Pp 279-312. Science Publishers, Enfield, New York, USA.
    19. Mahmoud, A.L.E. and Abd-Alla, M.H. (2001 Siderophore production by some microorganisms and their effect on Bradyrhizobium-Mung Bean symbiosis. Int J Agric Biol 3(2):157-162.
    20. McKenzie, H.A. and Wallace, H.A. (1954) The kjeldahl determination of nitrogen. Aust J Chem 16:55-79.
    21. Parmar, N. and Dadarwal, K.R. (1999) Stimulation of nitrogen fixation and induction of flavonoid like compounds by rhizobacteria. J Appl Microbiol 86:36-44.
    22. Perret, X., Staehelin, C., Broughton, W. J. (2000) Molecular basis of symbiotic promiscuity. Microbiol Molecul Biol Rev 64:180-201.
    23. Qureshi, M.A., Ahmad, Naveed, M., Iqbal, A., Akhtar, N., Niazi, K.H. (2009) Co-inoculation with Mesorhizobium ciceri and Azotobacter chroococcum for improving growth, nodulation and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Soil Environ 28:124-129.
    24. Rai, R. and Hunt, P.G. (1993) Inoculation of maize varieties with salt tolerant mutants of Azospirillum brasilense and VAM fungi in saline calcareous soil. Microbiol. Res1: 243–251.
    25. Roopa, B., Maya C and Makari, H.K.(2012)Effect of different PGPR strains with Rhizobium on nodulation and chickpea productivity. Asian J Exp Biol Sci 3:424-426.
    26. Sahin, F., Cakmakci, R., Kantar, F. (2004) Sugar beet and barley yields in relation to inoculation with N2-fixing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Pl Soil 265: 123–129.
    27. Sarig, S., Okon, Y., Blum, A. (1990) Promoting of leaf area development and yield on Sorghum bicolor inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Symbiosis 9:235-245.
    28. Sarna, S., Sharma, P., Khurana, A.S. (2008) Combined inoculation of Azotobacter and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on the efficiency of Rhizobium in chickpea. Ann Pl Soil Res 10: 39-43.
    29. Sharma, P. and Khurana, A.S. (2007) Consortia of Rhizobium, phosphorus solubilising bacteria and rhizobacteria in lentil (Lens culianris Medik.). Indian J Ecol 33: 106-108.
    30. Sharma, P., Jeenie., Singh, P. (2007) Synergism among phosphate solubilising bacteria, Rhizobium and PGPR in green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek.) and black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Microbiol World 9: 41-44.
    31. Singh, B.C. and Hiremath, S.M. (1990) Effect of Rhizobium on nodulation and leghaemoglobin in mungbean. Curr Res 19:101-102.
    32. Singh, N.P. (2012) Project Coordinator’s report (2011-12), In: All India Coordinated Research Project in Chickpea. Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur. pp 19-20.
    33. Sivaramaiah, N., Malik, D.K., Sindhu, S.S. (2007) Improvement in symbiotic efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) by co-inocualtion of Bacillus strains with Mesorhizobium sp. Cicer. Indian J Microbiol 47: 51-56.
    34. Tilak, K.V.B.R., Ranganayaki, N., Pal, K.K., De, R., Saxena, A.K., Nautiyal, C.S., Mittal, S., Tripathi, A.K., Johri, B.N. (2005) Diversity of plant growth and soil health supporting bacteria. Curr Sci 89(1):136-149.
    35. Wilson, D.O. and Reisenauer. (1963 ) Determination of leghaemoglobin in legume nodules. Anal Biochem 6: 27-30.
    36. Witham, P.H., Baidyes, D.F., Delvin, R.M. (1971) Chlorophyll absorption of sp. ectrum and quantitative determination. Expt Plant Physiology. Published by Von Nastrand Reinhoed Company, New York. pp. 51-56.
    37. Yadav, J, Verma J P and Tiwan N K (2010) Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on seed germination and plant growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under in vitro conditions. Biol. Forum. Inter. J (2): 15-18
    38. Zhang, F., Dashti, N., Hynes, R.K. Smith, D.L. (1996) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) nodulation and nitrogen fixation at suboptimal root zone temperature. Ann Bot 79:243-249.
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