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Research Article

volume 42 issue 6 (december 2019) : 763-767,   Doi: 10.18805/A-302

Peanut genotypes with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature are preferred in breeding program for drought prone areas

A
A.S. Shaibu
B
B.N. Motagi
K
K.S. Muhammad
1Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

  • Submitted06-11-2017|

  • Accepted13-03-2019|

  • First Online 30-04-2019|

  • doi 10.18805/A-302

Cite article:- Shaibu A.S., Motagi B.N., Muhammad K.S. (2019). Peanut genotypes with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature are preferred in breeding program for drought prone areas. Legume Research. 42(6): 763-767. doi: 10.18805/A-302.

ABSTRACT

An understanding of drought stress and water use in relation to plant growth is of importance for sustainable agriculture. Groundnut genotypes respond differently to different stages of drought stress. The aim of this research was to study the response of groundnut genotypes to different stages of moisture stress. Seven groundnut genotypes (Samnut 25, Kwankwaso, Maibargo, Samnut 23, Samnut 24, EX dakar, and Samnut 21) and three water supply (80% field capacity, 40% field capacity and without irrigation) with three replications were used for the study. The water stress was imposed after 14 days of initial growth of the plants and was maintained by using TDR to check the moisture level every three days. Significant differences was observed between the genotypes for leaf temperature and chlorophyll content at two weeks after imposition of moisture stress. Also, significant differences was observed between the moisture levels for all variable measured except for the chlorophyll content before imposing moisture stress. An interaction effect was observed between the genotypes and water stress for root length and Mai Bargo produced the highest root length when terminal drought was simulated. The research shows that the genotypes have varying responses to leaf temperature and chlorophyll content and will consistently vary under different moisture stresses. Therefore, genotypes identified with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature can be selected as parents for further breeding program or introduction into drought prone areas.

REFERENCES

  1. Arunyanark, A., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Kesmala, T., Nageswara Rao, R.C., et al. (2008). Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 194: 113–12.
  2. Awan, S.I., Malik, M.F.A., Siddique, M. (2005). Study on seedling traits for drought tolerance in wheat und er moisture stress conditions. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 3: 247–54. 
  3. Babu, V.R., Rao, D.V.M. (1983). Water stress adaptations in the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) – foliar characteristics and adaptations to moisture stress. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 10: 64–80.
  4. Bhagsari, A.S., Brown, R.H., Schepers, J.S. (1976). Effect of moisture stress on photosynthesis and some related physiological characteristics in peanuts. Crop Science, 16: 712–715.
  5. Dhanda, S.S., Sethi, G.S., Behl, R.K. (2004). Indices of drought tolerance in wheat genotypes at early stages of plant growth. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 190: 6–12.
  6. FAOSTAT 2014. Available: http://faostat.fao.org/. Accessed on 20th April 2014.
  7. Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez-Vilar, M. (2001). Determination of Relative Water Content. In: Handbook of Plant Ecophysiology Techniques, [Roger, M.J.R. (Ed.)]. Springer, Netherlands. pp. 207-212.
  8. John, K., Vasanthi, R.P., Venkateswarlu, O. (2007). Variability and correlation studies for pod yield and its attributes in F2 generation of six virginia x spanish crosses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Legume Research, 30: 292-296.
  9. Khan, M.Q., Anwar, S., Khan, M.I. (2002). Genetic variability for seedling traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under moisture stress conditions. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 5: 588–90.
  10. Krishnan, A., Pereira, A. (2008). Integrative approaches for mining transcriptional regulatory programs in Arabidopsis. Briefing in Functional Genomics and Proteomics, 7: 264–274.
  11. Mahantesh, S., Ramesh Babu, H.N., Ghanti, K., Raddy, P.C. (2018). Identification of drought tolerant genotypes based on physiological, biomass and yield response in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52: 221-227.
  12. Nageswara Rao, R.C., Talwar, H.C., Wright, G.C. (2001). Rapid assessment of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using a chlorophyll meter. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 189: 175-182.
  13. Pandey, M.K., Monyo, E., Ozias-Akins, P., Liang, X., Guimarães, P., Nigam, S.N., et al. (2012). Advances in Arachis genomics for peanut improvement. Biotechnology Advances, 30: 639–651. 
  14. Pavithradevi, S., Manivannan, N., Vindhiya Varman, P., Ganesamurthy, K. (2015). Evaluation of groundnut genotypes for late season drought tolerance. Legume Research, 38: 763-766.
  15. Pimratch, S., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Toomsan, B., Patanothai, A., Holbrook, C.C. (2008). Relationship between biomass production and nitrogen fixation under drought stress conditions in peanut genotypes with different levels of drought resistance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194: 15-25.
  16. Price, A.H., Cairns, J.E., Horton, P., Jones, H.G., Griffiths, H. (2002). Linking drought-resistance mechanisms to drought avoidance in upland rice using a QTL approach: progress and new opportunities to integrate stomatal and mesophyll responses. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53: 989–1004.
  17. Rosegrant, M.W., Cline, S.A. (2003). Global food security: challenges and policies. Science 302: 1917–1919.
  18. SAS Institute Inc. (2015). SASUniversity Edition: Installation Guide for Windows. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
  19. Songsri, P., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Akkasaeng, C., Patanothai, A., Holbrook, C.C. (2008). Root distribution of drought-resistant peanut genotypes in response to drought. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194: 92-103.
  20. Suther, D.M., Patel, M.S. (1992). Yield and nutrient absorption by groundnut and iron availability in soil as influenced by lime and soil water. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 40: 594–596.
  21. Taru, V.B., Kyagya, I.Z., Mshelia, S.I. (2010). Profitability of groundnuts production in Michika Local government area of adamawa State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1: 25-29.
  22. Thirumala Rao, V. (2016). Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis under drought in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Legume Research, 39: 319-322.
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 6 (december 2019) : 763-767,   Doi: 10.18805/A-302

    Peanut genotypes with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature are preferred in breeding program for drought prone areas

    A
    A.S. Shaibu
    B
    B.N. Motagi
    K
    K.S. Muhammad
    1Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.

    • Submitted06-11-2017|

    • Accepted13-03-2019|

    • First Online 30-04-2019|

    • doi 10.18805/A-302

    Cite article:- Shaibu A.S., Motagi B.N., Muhammad K.S. (2019). Peanut genotypes with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature are preferred in breeding program for drought prone areas. Legume Research. 42(6): 763-767. doi: 10.18805/A-302.

    ABSTRACT

    An understanding of drought stress and water use in relation to plant growth is of importance for sustainable agriculture. Groundnut genotypes respond differently to different stages of drought stress. The aim of this research was to study the response of groundnut genotypes to different stages of moisture stress. Seven groundnut genotypes (Samnut 25, Kwankwaso, Maibargo, Samnut 23, Samnut 24, EX dakar, and Samnut 21) and three water supply (80% field capacity, 40% field capacity and without irrigation) with three replications were used for the study. The water stress was imposed after 14 days of initial growth of the plants and was maintained by using TDR to check the moisture level every three days. Significant differences was observed between the genotypes for leaf temperature and chlorophyll content at two weeks after imposition of moisture stress. Also, significant differences was observed between the moisture levels for all variable measured except for the chlorophyll content before imposing moisture stress. An interaction effect was observed between the genotypes and water stress for root length and Mai Bargo produced the highest root length when terminal drought was simulated. The research shows that the genotypes have varying responses to leaf temperature and chlorophyll content and will consistently vary under different moisture stresses. Therefore, genotypes identified with high chlorophyll content and low leaf temperature can be selected as parents for further breeding program or introduction into drought prone areas.

    REFERENCES

    1. Arunyanark, A., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Kesmala, T., Nageswara Rao, R.C., et al. (2008). Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 194: 113–12.
    2. Awan, S.I., Malik, M.F.A., Siddique, M. (2005). Study on seedling traits for drought tolerance in wheat und er moisture stress conditions. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 3: 247–54. 
    3. Babu, V.R., Rao, D.V.M. (1983). Water stress adaptations in the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) – foliar characteristics and adaptations to moisture stress. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 10: 64–80.
    4. Bhagsari, A.S., Brown, R.H., Schepers, J.S. (1976). Effect of moisture stress on photosynthesis and some related physiological characteristics in peanuts. Crop Science, 16: 712–715.
    5. Dhanda, S.S., Sethi, G.S., Behl, R.K. (2004). Indices of drought tolerance in wheat genotypes at early stages of plant growth. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 190: 6–12.
    6. FAOSTAT 2014. Available: http://faostat.fao.org/. Accessed on 20th April 2014.
    7. Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez-Vilar, M. (2001). Determination of Relative Water Content. In: Handbook of Plant Ecophysiology Techniques, [Roger, M.J.R. (Ed.)]. Springer, Netherlands. pp. 207-212.
    8. John, K., Vasanthi, R.P., Venkateswarlu, O. (2007). Variability and correlation studies for pod yield and its attributes in F2 generation of six virginia x spanish crosses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Legume Research, 30: 292-296.
    9. Khan, M.Q., Anwar, S., Khan, M.I. (2002). Genetic variability for seedling traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under moisture stress conditions. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 5: 588–90.
    10. Krishnan, A., Pereira, A. (2008). Integrative approaches for mining transcriptional regulatory programs in Arabidopsis. Briefing in Functional Genomics and Proteomics, 7: 264–274.
    11. Mahantesh, S., Ramesh Babu, H.N., Ghanti, K., Raddy, P.C. (2018). Identification of drought tolerant genotypes based on physiological, biomass and yield response in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52: 221-227.
    12. Nageswara Rao, R.C., Talwar, H.C., Wright, G.C. (2001). Rapid assessment of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using a chlorophyll meter. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 189: 175-182.
    13. Pandey, M.K., Monyo, E., Ozias-Akins, P., Liang, X., Guimarães, P., Nigam, S.N., et al. (2012). Advances in Arachis genomics for peanut improvement. Biotechnology Advances, 30: 639–651. 
    14. Pavithradevi, S., Manivannan, N., Vindhiya Varman, P., Ganesamurthy, K. (2015). Evaluation of groundnut genotypes for late season drought tolerance. Legume Research, 38: 763-766.
    15. Pimratch, S., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Toomsan, B., Patanothai, A., Holbrook, C.C. (2008). Relationship between biomass production and nitrogen fixation under drought stress conditions in peanut genotypes with different levels of drought resistance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194: 15-25.
    16. Price, A.H., Cairns, J.E., Horton, P., Jones, H.G., Griffiths, H. (2002). Linking drought-resistance mechanisms to drought avoidance in upland rice using a QTL approach: progress and new opportunities to integrate stomatal and mesophyll responses. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53: 989–1004.
    17. Rosegrant, M.W., Cline, S.A. (2003). Global food security: challenges and policies. Science 302: 1917–1919.
    18. SAS Institute Inc. (2015). SASUniversity Edition: Installation Guide for Windows. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
    19. Songsri, P., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Akkasaeng, C., Patanothai, A., Holbrook, C.C. (2008). Root distribution of drought-resistant peanut genotypes in response to drought. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194: 92-103.
    20. Suther, D.M., Patel, M.S. (1992). Yield and nutrient absorption by groundnut and iron availability in soil as influenced by lime and soil water. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 40: 594–596.
    21. Taru, V.B., Kyagya, I.Z., Mshelia, S.I. (2010). Profitability of groundnuts production in Michika Local government area of adamawa State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1: 25-29.
    22. Thirumala Rao, V. (2016). Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis under drought in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Legume Research, 39: 319-322.
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