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Research Article

volume 54 issue 5 (october 2020) : 547-554,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5400

Photocatalytic Degradation of Herbicide Orthosulfamuron using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Water 

G
Gaggara Naveetha
A
Atmakuru Ramesh
C
Chirukuri Rajasekharam
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, International Institute of Biotechnology and Toxicology (IIBAT), Affiliated to the University of Madras, Padappai, Chennai-601 301, Tamilnadu, India. 
Cite article:- Naveetha Gaggara, Ramesh Atmakuru, Rajasekharam Chirukuri (2020). Photocatalytic Degradation of Herbicide Orthosulfamuron using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Water. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 54(5): 547-554. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5400.

ABSTRACT

In the present study, the Photocatalysis of Orthosulfamuron, a new class of sulfonyl urea herbicide was investigated using ZnO nano particles in different buffer solutions of pH ranging from 4 to 9. In this study, optimum concentration of the catalyst, initial concentration of the orthosulfamuron and effect of pH of the buffer solution were studied under direct sunlight. The ZnO nano particles were synthesized by sol-gel process and characterized by using SEM, XRD and FT-IR. A commercial formulation of the herbicide having the active strength of 50% was used for the experiment. The rate of reaction followed pseudo first-order kinetics in water. The rate of reaction was 12 folds higher when compared to photolysis. The DT50 values of orthosulfamuron with ZnO nano particles in different buffer solution were 6. 42, 21.68 and 35.22 hours, respectively. The optimum concentration of nano particles to decontamination of orthosulfamuron was observed at 100 mg L-1 and the initial concentration of the orthosulfamuron used in the photocatalysis is 10 mg L-1. The fastest degradation of herbicide orthosulafamuron was observed in pH 4 buffer solution. The degradation products formed during the photocatalysis were identified by using LC-MS/MS which were N-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea, 2- dimet hyl carbamoylphenyl sulf amic acid and 1-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[2-(dimethylcarbamoyl) pheny lsulfamoyl] urea.

REFERENCES

  1. Ahmed S and D F Ollis (1984). Solar assisted catalytic decomposition of the chlorinated hydrocarbons trichloroethylene and trichloromethane. Solar Energy. 32 (5): 597-601.
  2. Andelka tomasevic, Jelena Daja, Slobodan Petrovic, Erno E. Kiss, Dusan Mijin (2009). A Study of the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methomyl by UV Light. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 15 (1): 17-19.
  3. A P Davis and C P Huang (1989). The removal of phenols from water by a Photocatalytic Oxidation Process. Wat. Sci. Tech. Vol. 21: 455-464. 
  4. B.O’Regan and M. Gr¨atzel (1991). A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films. Nature. 353: 737-740. 
  5. C. Cheng, A. Amini, C. Zhu, Z. Xu, H. Song and N. Wang (2014). Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2- ZnO hybrid nanostructures. Scientific Reports. 4.
  6. C. J. Barb´e, F. Arendse, P. Comte (1997). Nanocrystalline titaniumoxide electrodes for photovoltaic applications. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 3157-3171.
  7. Dindar S and Icli (2001). Unusal photoreactivity of Zinc Oxide irradiated by Concentrated Sunlight. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology A: Chem. 140: 263-268.
  8. EI Saeed AM, EI-Fattah MA, Azzam AM (2015). Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and studying its influence on the antimicrobial, anticorrosion and mechanical behavior of polyurethane composite for surface coating. Dyes Pigments. 121:282-9.
  9. Gilliom, R. J., Barbash, J. E., Kolpin, D. W., Larson, S. J (1999). Peer reviewed: Testing water quality for pesticide pollution. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33: 164A-169A.
  10. H. Nouri, Habibi-Yangjeh A (2014). Microwave assisted method for preparation of Znl-xMgxO nanostructures and their activites for photodegradation of methylene blue. Advanced powder Technology. 25: 3:1016-1025.
  11. Linder M., D. Bahnemann, B. Hirtheandw. Griebler (1995). Solar water detoxification:Novel TiO2 powders as highly active photocatalysts. Solar Engineering-1: 399-408.
  12. MacBean C (2012). The pesticide manual, 16th ed. Hampshire; UK: British Crop Production Council.
  13. Mendez-Arriaga, F Esplugas, S Gimenez J (2008). Photocatalytic degradation of non-steroidal anti-inflamamatory drugs with TiO2 and simulated solar irradiation. Water Res. 42: 585-594. 
  14. Chong, M.N.B. Jin, C.W. Chow, C. Saint (2010). Recent developments in Photocatalytic water treatment technology. a review, Water Research. 44:2997-3027.
  15. M. R. Hoffmann, S. T. Martin, W. Choi and D.W Bahnemann (1995). Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chemical Reviews. 95: 69-96.
  16. M. Vafaee and M.S. Ghamsari (2007). Preparation and Charactrization of ZnO nanoparticles by a novel sol-gel route. Materials Letters. 61:3265-3268.
  17. Nasrabadi, T., Bidhendi, G. N., Karbassi, A., Grathwohl, P., Mehradadi, N., (2011). Impact of major organophosphate pesticides used in agriculture to surface water and sediment quality (Southren Caspian Sea basin, Haraz River). Environ. Earth. sci. 63: 873-883.
  18. N. Daneshvar, S. Aber, M. S. Seyed Dorraji, A.R Khatae, M.H. Rasoulifard (2008). Preparation and Investigation of Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Nanocrystals: Effect of Operational Parameters and Kinetic Study. Int. J. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 1: 24-29.
  19. Neppolian, B., Choi, H.C., Sakthivel, S., Arabindoo, B., Murugesan, V (2002). Solar/UVinduced photocatlaytic degradation of three commericial textile dyes. J. Hazard. Mater. 89: 303-    317. 
  20. Nuria Vela, Gabriel perez-Lucas, Jose fenoll and Simon Navarro (2017). Recent Overview on the Abatement of Pesticide residues in Water by Photocatalytic treatment Using TiO2. Intech open science.
  21. Ozgur O, Alivov Y A, Liu C, Teke A, Reschikov M A, Dogan S, Avrutin V, Cho S J and Morkoc H (2005). A Comprehensive review of ZnO materials and Devices. Journal of Applied Physics. 98.
  22. OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (No. 301, Adopted: 17th July 1992). Ready biodegradability. 
  23. Q Wan, TH Wang, JC Zhao (2005). Enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanotetrapods. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87: 083105-    083107.
  24. Rohini kitture, Soumya J. Koppikar, Ruchikakaul-Ghanekar, S.N. Kale (2011). Catlyst efficiency, photostability and reusability study of ZnO nanoparticles in Visible light for dye degradation. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 72: 60-66.
  25. R Saleh and NF Djaja (2014). UV light photocatlytic degradation of organic dyes with Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Superlattices and microstructures. 74: 217-233. 
  26. Tan T K, Khiew p S, Chiu, Radiman S, Abd-Shukor R, Huang N M and H N Lim (2011). Photodegradation of Phenol Red in the Presence of ZnO Nanoparticles. World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol. 5: 613-618. 
  27. United States environmental protection agency (2014). Washington, D. C. 20460; PPDB Ref IR 5878. 
  28. Y. Zheng, C. Chen, Y. Zhan, X. Lin, Q. Zheng, K. Wei, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu (2007). Luminescence and Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanocrystals: Correlation between Structure and Property. Inorg. Chem. 46.6675- 6682.
  29. Zhang Y., J.C Crittenden, D.W. Hand and D.L Perram (1994). Fixed-    bed photocatalysis for solar decontamination of water. Environmental Science Technology. 28: 435-442.
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Research Article

    volume 54 issue 5 (october 2020) : 547-554,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5400

    Photocatalytic Degradation of Herbicide Orthosulfamuron using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Water 

    G
    Gaggara Naveetha
    A
    Atmakuru Ramesh
    C
    Chirukuri Rajasekharam
    1Department of Analytical Chemistry, International Institute of Biotechnology and Toxicology (IIBAT), Affiliated to the University of Madras, Padappai, Chennai-601 301, Tamilnadu, India. 
    Cite article:- Naveetha Gaggara, Ramesh Atmakuru, Rajasekharam Chirukuri (2020). Photocatalytic Degradation of Herbicide Orthosulfamuron using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Water. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 54(5): 547-554. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5400.

    ABSTRACT

    In the present study, the Photocatalysis of Orthosulfamuron, a new class of sulfonyl urea herbicide was investigated using ZnO nano particles in different buffer solutions of pH ranging from 4 to 9. In this study, optimum concentration of the catalyst, initial concentration of the orthosulfamuron and effect of pH of the buffer solution were studied under direct sunlight. The ZnO nano particles were synthesized by sol-gel process and characterized by using SEM, XRD and FT-IR. A commercial formulation of the herbicide having the active strength of 50% was used for the experiment. The rate of reaction followed pseudo first-order kinetics in water. The rate of reaction was 12 folds higher when compared to photolysis. The DT50 values of orthosulfamuron with ZnO nano particles in different buffer solution were 6. 42, 21.68 and 35.22 hours, respectively. The optimum concentration of nano particles to decontamination of orthosulfamuron was observed at 100 mg L-1 and the initial concentration of the orthosulfamuron used in the photocatalysis is 10 mg L-1. The fastest degradation of herbicide orthosulafamuron was observed in pH 4 buffer solution. The degradation products formed during the photocatalysis were identified by using LC-MS/MS which were N-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea, 2- dimet hyl carbamoylphenyl sulf amic acid and 1-(4-hydroxy-6-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[2-(dimethylcarbamoyl) pheny lsulfamoyl] urea.

    REFERENCES

    1. Ahmed S and D F Ollis (1984). Solar assisted catalytic decomposition of the chlorinated hydrocarbons trichloroethylene and trichloromethane. Solar Energy. 32 (5): 597-601.
    2. Andelka tomasevic, Jelena Daja, Slobodan Petrovic, Erno E. Kiss, Dusan Mijin (2009). A Study of the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methomyl by UV Light. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 15 (1): 17-19.
    3. A P Davis and C P Huang (1989). The removal of phenols from water by a Photocatalytic Oxidation Process. Wat. Sci. Tech. Vol. 21: 455-464. 
    4. B.O’Regan and M. Gr¨atzel (1991). A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films. Nature. 353: 737-740. 
    5. C. Cheng, A. Amini, C. Zhu, Z. Xu, H. Song and N. Wang (2014). Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2- ZnO hybrid nanostructures. Scientific Reports. 4.
    6. C. J. Barb´e, F. Arendse, P. Comte (1997). Nanocrystalline titaniumoxide electrodes for photovoltaic applications. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 3157-3171.
    7. Dindar S and Icli (2001). Unusal photoreactivity of Zinc Oxide irradiated by Concentrated Sunlight. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology A: Chem. 140: 263-268.
    8. EI Saeed AM, EI-Fattah MA, Azzam AM (2015). Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and studying its influence on the antimicrobial, anticorrosion and mechanical behavior of polyurethane composite for surface coating. Dyes Pigments. 121:282-9.
    9. Gilliom, R. J., Barbash, J. E., Kolpin, D. W., Larson, S. J (1999). Peer reviewed: Testing water quality for pesticide pollution. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33: 164A-169A.
    10. H. Nouri, Habibi-Yangjeh A (2014). Microwave assisted method for preparation of Znl-xMgxO nanostructures and their activites for photodegradation of methylene blue. Advanced powder Technology. 25: 3:1016-1025.
    11. Linder M., D. Bahnemann, B. Hirtheandw. Griebler (1995). Solar water detoxification:Novel TiO2 powders as highly active photocatalysts. Solar Engineering-1: 399-408.
    12. MacBean C (2012). The pesticide manual, 16th ed. Hampshire; UK: British Crop Production Council.
    13. Mendez-Arriaga, F Esplugas, S Gimenez J (2008). Photocatalytic degradation of non-steroidal anti-inflamamatory drugs with TiO2 and simulated solar irradiation. Water Res. 42: 585-594. 
    14. Chong, M.N.B. Jin, C.W. Chow, C. Saint (2010). Recent developments in Photocatalytic water treatment technology. a review, Water Research. 44:2997-3027.
    15. M. R. Hoffmann, S. T. Martin, W. Choi and D.W Bahnemann (1995). Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chemical Reviews. 95: 69-96.
    16. M. Vafaee and M.S. Ghamsari (2007). Preparation and Charactrization of ZnO nanoparticles by a novel sol-gel route. Materials Letters. 61:3265-3268.
    17. Nasrabadi, T., Bidhendi, G. N., Karbassi, A., Grathwohl, P., Mehradadi, N., (2011). Impact of major organophosphate pesticides used in agriculture to surface water and sediment quality (Southren Caspian Sea basin, Haraz River). Environ. Earth. sci. 63: 873-883.
    18. N. Daneshvar, S. Aber, M. S. Seyed Dorraji, A.R Khatae, M.H. Rasoulifard (2008). Preparation and Investigation of Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Nanocrystals: Effect of Operational Parameters and Kinetic Study. Int. J. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 1: 24-29.
    19. Neppolian, B., Choi, H.C., Sakthivel, S., Arabindoo, B., Murugesan, V (2002). Solar/UVinduced photocatlaytic degradation of three commericial textile dyes. J. Hazard. Mater. 89: 303-    317. 
    20. Nuria Vela, Gabriel perez-Lucas, Jose fenoll and Simon Navarro (2017). Recent Overview on the Abatement of Pesticide residues in Water by Photocatalytic treatment Using TiO2. Intech open science.
    21. Ozgur O, Alivov Y A, Liu C, Teke A, Reschikov M A, Dogan S, Avrutin V, Cho S J and Morkoc H (2005). A Comprehensive review of ZnO materials and Devices. Journal of Applied Physics. 98.
    22. OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (No. 301, Adopted: 17th July 1992). Ready biodegradability. 
    23. Q Wan, TH Wang, JC Zhao (2005). Enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanotetrapods. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87: 083105-    083107.
    24. Rohini kitture, Soumya J. Koppikar, Ruchikakaul-Ghanekar, S.N. Kale (2011). Catlyst efficiency, photostability and reusability study of ZnO nanoparticles in Visible light for dye degradation. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 72: 60-66.
    25. R Saleh and NF Djaja (2014). UV light photocatlytic degradation of organic dyes with Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Superlattices and microstructures. 74: 217-233. 
    26. Tan T K, Khiew p S, Chiu, Radiman S, Abd-Shukor R, Huang N M and H N Lim (2011). Photodegradation of Phenol Red in the Presence of ZnO Nanoparticles. World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol. 5: 613-618. 
    27. United States environmental protection agency (2014). Washington, D. C. 20460; PPDB Ref IR 5878. 
    28. Y. Zheng, C. Chen, Y. Zhan, X. Lin, Q. Zheng, K. Wei, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu (2007). Luminescence and Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanocrystals: Correlation between Structure and Property. Inorg. Chem. 46.6675- 6682.
    29. Zhang Y., J.C Crittenden, D.W. Hand and D.L Perram (1994). Fixed-    bed photocatalysis for solar decontamination of water. Environmental Science Technology. 28: 435-442.
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