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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 4 (august 2019) : 496-499,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5221

Assessment of drip lateral design methods based on uniformity coefficient 

J
J. Ramachandran
V
V. Ravikumar
R
R. Lalitha
1Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kumulur, Trichy-621 712, Tamil Nadu, India.
Cite article:- Ramachandran J., Ravikumar V., Lalitha R. (2019). Assessment of drip lateral design methods based on uniformity coefficient. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(4): 496-499. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5221.

ABSTRACT

In this paper, six drip lateral design methods were selected and a comparative assessment was done to find its practical applicability for finding accurate uniformity coefficient. Step-By-Step (SBS) method, Differential method (DM), Constant Discharge method (CDM), Variable discharge method (VDM), Outlet variation method (OVM) and Statistical method (STM) were the different methods assessed. The percentage relative error in calculating the uniformity coefficient by different methods were obtained as the difference between step-by-step method (true) value and alternate method (observed) value. These errors were tabulated. VDM and OVM method performed well with equal accuracy to SBS method at different slopes. For L=250m, DM method performed well. The STM performed good for down slope and lateral length of 250m with 6 per cent relative error. The method having lesser relative percentage error can be selected by the design engineers for designing the laterals from the relative percentage error tables.

REFERENCES

  1. Anyoji, H. and Wu, I. P. (1987). Statistical approach for drip lateral design. Trans. ASAE. 30(1): 187-192.
  2. Christiansen, J. E. (1942). Irrigation by sprinkling. California Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull., 670.
  3. Gellespie, V. A., Phillips, A. L., and Wu, I. P. (1979). Drip irrigation design equations. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 105(3): 247-257.
  4. Kang, Y., and Nishiyama, S. (1996). Analysis and design of microirrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 122(2): 75-81.
  5. Khatri, K. C., Wu, I-P., Gitlin, H. M., and Phillips, A. L. (1979). Hydraulics of microtube emitters. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 105(2): 163-173.
  6. Perold, R. P. (1977). Design of irrigation pipe laterals. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 103(2): 179-195.
  7. Ravikumar, V., Ranganathan, C. R. and Santhana Bosu, S. (2003). Analytical equation for variation of discharge in drip irrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 129(4): 295-298.
  8. Valiantzas, J. D. (1998). Analytical approach for direct drip lateral hydraulic calculation. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 124(6): 300-305.
  9. Valiantzas, J. D. (2002a). Continuous outflow variation along irrigation laterals: effect of the number of outlets. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 128(1): 34-42.
  10. Valiantzas, J. D. (2002b). Hydraulic analysis and optimum design of multi-diameter Irrigation lateral. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 128(2): 78-86.
  11. Vallesquino, P., and Luque-Escamilla, P. L. (2001). New algorithm for hydraulic calculation in irrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 127(4): 254-260.
  12. Warrick, A. W., and Yitayew, M. (1987). An analytical solution for flow in a manifold. Advance Water Resource. 10: 58-63.
  13. Warrick, A. W., and Yitayew, M. (1988). Trickle lateral hydraulics. I: Analytical solution. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 114(2): 281-288.
  14. Wu, I. P. and Gitlin, H. M. (1975). Energy Gradient line for drip irrigation laterals. Technical notes. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 101(4): 323-326.
  15. Yildirim, G. and Agýralioglu, N. (2004). Comparative analysis of hydraulic calculation methods in Design of Microirrigation Laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 130(1): 201-217 
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 4 (august 2019) : 496-499,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5221

    Assessment of drip lateral design methods based on uniformity coefficient 

    J
    J. Ramachandran
    V
    V. Ravikumar
    R
    R. Lalitha
    1Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Kumulur, Trichy-621 712, Tamil Nadu, India.
    Cite article:- Ramachandran J., Ravikumar V., Lalitha R. (2019). Assessment of drip lateral design methods based on uniformity coefficient. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(4): 496-499. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5221.

    ABSTRACT

    In this paper, six drip lateral design methods were selected and a comparative assessment was done to find its practical applicability for finding accurate uniformity coefficient. Step-By-Step (SBS) method, Differential method (DM), Constant Discharge method (CDM), Variable discharge method (VDM), Outlet variation method (OVM) and Statistical method (STM) were the different methods assessed. The percentage relative error in calculating the uniformity coefficient by different methods were obtained as the difference between step-by-step method (true) value and alternate method (observed) value. These errors were tabulated. VDM and OVM method performed well with equal accuracy to SBS method at different slopes. For L=250m, DM method performed well. The STM performed good for down slope and lateral length of 250m with 6 per cent relative error. The method having lesser relative percentage error can be selected by the design engineers for designing the laterals from the relative percentage error tables.

    REFERENCES

    1. Anyoji, H. and Wu, I. P. (1987). Statistical approach for drip lateral design. Trans. ASAE. 30(1): 187-192.
    2. Christiansen, J. E. (1942). Irrigation by sprinkling. California Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull., 670.
    3. Gellespie, V. A., Phillips, A. L., and Wu, I. P. (1979). Drip irrigation design equations. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 105(3): 247-257.
    4. Kang, Y., and Nishiyama, S. (1996). Analysis and design of microirrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 122(2): 75-81.
    5. Khatri, K. C., Wu, I-P., Gitlin, H. M., and Phillips, A. L. (1979). Hydraulics of microtube emitters. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 105(2): 163-173.
    6. Perold, R. P. (1977). Design of irrigation pipe laterals. J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE. 103(2): 179-195.
    7. Ravikumar, V., Ranganathan, C. R. and Santhana Bosu, S. (2003). Analytical equation for variation of discharge in drip irrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 129(4): 295-298.
    8. Valiantzas, J. D. (1998). Analytical approach for direct drip lateral hydraulic calculation. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 124(6): 300-305.
    9. Valiantzas, J. D. (2002a). Continuous outflow variation along irrigation laterals: effect of the number of outlets. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 128(1): 34-42.
    10. Valiantzas, J. D. (2002b). Hydraulic analysis and optimum design of multi-diameter Irrigation lateral. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 128(2): 78-86.
    11. Vallesquino, P., and Luque-Escamilla, P. L. (2001). New algorithm for hydraulic calculation in irrigation laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 127(4): 254-260.
    12. Warrick, A. W., and Yitayew, M. (1987). An analytical solution for flow in a manifold. Advance Water Resource. 10: 58-63.
    13. Warrick, A. W., and Yitayew, M. (1988). Trickle lateral hydraulics. I: Analytical solution. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 114(2): 281-288.
    14. Wu, I. P. and Gitlin, H. M. (1975). Energy Gradient line for drip irrigation laterals. Technical notes. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 101(4): 323-326.
    15. Yildirim, G. and Agýralioglu, N. (2004). Comparative analysis of hydraulic calculation methods in Design of Microirrigation Laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 130(1): 201-217 
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