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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 52 issue 6 (december 2018) : 631-636,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5099

Weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by nitrogen management and live mulching with cowpea

N
N. Khumdemo Ezung
J
J.K. Choudhary
J
J.C. Das
N
Noyingthung Kikon
R
Rukuosietuo Kuotsu
1ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema-797 106, Nagaland, India.
Cite article:- Ezung Khumdemo N., Choudhary J.K., Das J.C., Kikon Noyingthung, Kuotsu Rukuosietuo (2018). Weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by nitrogen management and live mulching with cowpea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(6): 631-636. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5099.

ABSTRACT

Field investigations were conducted during 2015 and 2016 kharif seasons at the experimental farm of ICAR, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema to study weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by N management and live mulching with cowpea. The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD with two kharif crops viz., rice (C1) and maize (C2), two organic N management viz., vermicompost @ 2 t/ha (N1) and vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2) and two mulches viz., control (No mulching) (L1) and live mulching with cowpea (L2). The dominant weed species observed were Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria setigera, Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus viridis, Cyperus iria and Cyperus rotundus. Weed density, dry weight and NPK uptake was found to be significantly lower in maize compared to rice during both years. Weed growth and NPK uptake was also found to be significantly higher with application of vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2) compared to 2 t/ha (N1) whereas, significantly lower weed growth as well as NPK uptake was also recorded with cowpea live mulch (L2) as compared to no mulching (L1). Cowpea live mulch (L2) with application of vermicompost @ 2 t/ha (N1) was found to record significantly lower NPK uptake by weeds in both crops. Yield and yield attributes of rice and maize were observed to be higher under cowpea live mulch with application of vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2).

REFERENCES

  1. Anitha, S., Mathew, J. and Abraham, C.T. (2012). Concurrent growing of green manure with wet-seeded rice for cost - effective weed management. Indian Journal of Weed Science 44(1): 34-3. 
  2. Arif, M., Jan, M.T., Khan, M.J., Saeed, M., Munir, I., Ziauddin, Akbar, H., Shahenshah and Khan, M.Z. (2011). Effect of cropping system and residue management on maize. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(2): 915-920. 
  3. Borah, D., Ghosh, M and Ghosh, D.C. (2015). Effect of nutrient management practices on weed infestation, crop productivity and economics of rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa l.) in Arunachal Pradesh. International Journal Of Bio-Resource, Environment And Agricultural Sciences (IJBEAS) 1(3): 77-83.
  4. Hassan, D. and Upasani, R.R. (2015). Effect of crop establishment and weed control methods on productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Crop and Weed 11(Special Issue): 228-230.
  5. Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
  6. Jamshidi, K., Yousefi, A.R. and Oveisi, M. (2013). Effect of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping on weed biomass and maize (Zea mays L.) yield. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 41(4): 180-188.
  7. Lemerle, D., Gill, G.S., Murphy, C.E., Walker, S.R., Cousens, R.D., Mokhtari, S., Peltzer, S.J., Coleman, R and Luckett, D.J. (2001). Genetic improvement and agronomy for enhanced wheat competitiveness with weeds. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52: 527-548.
  8. Mishra, B.N., Yadav, R.S., Rajput, A.L. and Pandey, S.M. (1995). Response of maize (Zea mays) to different types of mulches under rainfed condition. Indian Journal of Agronomy 40(1): 104-106
  9. Ramesh, P., Panwar, N.R., Singh, A.B and Ramana, S. (2008). Effect of organic manures on productivity, nutrient uptake soil fertility of maize (Zea mays L.) - linseed (Linum usitatissium L.) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 78(4): 351-354.
  10. Sharma, U.C and Datta, M. (2006). Physiography and resources in soils and their management in North East India. ICAR Research Complex for North East Region, Umiom, Meghalaya, pp. 35-62.
  11. Talenneigi, R.M. and Ghadiri, H. (2012). Effects of cowpea living mulch on weed control and maize yield. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences 6(17): 189-193.
  12. Uchino, H., Iwama, K., Jitsuyama, Y., Yudate, T and Nakamura, S. (2009). Yield losses of soybean and maize by competition with inter seeded cover crops and weeds in organic - based cropping systems. Field Crops Research 113: 342-351.
  13. Willer, H and Yussefi, M. (2006). The world of organic agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends (2006). International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Bonn, Germany.
  14. Zystro, Jared P., Leon, Natalia de and Tracy, William F. (2012). Analysis of traits related to weed competitiveness in sweet corn (Zea mays L.). Sustainibility 4: 543-560.
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 6 (december 2018) : 631-636,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5099

    Weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by nitrogen management and live mulching with cowpea

    N
    N. Khumdemo Ezung
    J
    J.K. Choudhary
    J
    J.C. Das
    N
    Noyingthung Kikon
    R
    Rukuosietuo Kuotsu
    1ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema-797 106, Nagaland, India.
    Cite article:- Ezung Khumdemo N., Choudhary J.K., Das J.C., Kikon Noyingthung, Kuotsu Rukuosietuo (2018). Weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by nitrogen management and live mulching with cowpea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(6): 631-636. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5099.

    ABSTRACT

    Field investigations were conducted during 2015 and 2016 kharif seasons at the experimental farm of ICAR, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema to study weed growth and nutrient uptake in organically managed rice and maize as affected by N management and live mulching with cowpea. The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD with two kharif crops viz., rice (C1) and maize (C2), two organic N management viz., vermicompost @ 2 t/ha (N1) and vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2) and two mulches viz., control (No mulching) (L1) and live mulching with cowpea (L2). The dominant weed species observed were Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria setigera, Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus viridis, Cyperus iria and Cyperus rotundus. Weed density, dry weight and NPK uptake was found to be significantly lower in maize compared to rice during both years. Weed growth and NPK uptake was also found to be significantly higher with application of vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2) compared to 2 t/ha (N1) whereas, significantly lower weed growth as well as NPK uptake was also recorded with cowpea live mulch (L2) as compared to no mulching (L1). Cowpea live mulch (L2) with application of vermicompost @ 2 t/ha (N1) was found to record significantly lower NPK uptake by weeds in both crops. Yield and yield attributes of rice and maize were observed to be higher under cowpea live mulch with application of vermicompost @ 2.7 t/ha (N2).

    REFERENCES

    1. Anitha, S., Mathew, J. and Abraham, C.T. (2012). Concurrent growing of green manure with wet-seeded rice for cost - effective weed management. Indian Journal of Weed Science 44(1): 34-3. 
    2. Arif, M., Jan, M.T., Khan, M.J., Saeed, M., Munir, I., Ziauddin, Akbar, H., Shahenshah and Khan, M.Z. (2011). Effect of cropping system and residue management on maize. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(2): 915-920. 
    3. Borah, D., Ghosh, M and Ghosh, D.C. (2015). Effect of nutrient management practices on weed infestation, crop productivity and economics of rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa l.) in Arunachal Pradesh. International Journal Of Bio-Resource, Environment And Agricultural Sciences (IJBEAS) 1(3): 77-83.
    4. Hassan, D. and Upasani, R.R. (2015). Effect of crop establishment and weed control methods on productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Crop and Weed 11(Special Issue): 228-230.
    5. Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
    6. Jamshidi, K., Yousefi, A.R. and Oveisi, M. (2013). Effect of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping on weed biomass and maize (Zea mays L.) yield. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 41(4): 180-188.
    7. Lemerle, D., Gill, G.S., Murphy, C.E., Walker, S.R., Cousens, R.D., Mokhtari, S., Peltzer, S.J., Coleman, R and Luckett, D.J. (2001). Genetic improvement and agronomy for enhanced wheat competitiveness with weeds. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52: 527-548.
    8. Mishra, B.N., Yadav, R.S., Rajput, A.L. and Pandey, S.M. (1995). Response of maize (Zea mays) to different types of mulches under rainfed condition. Indian Journal of Agronomy 40(1): 104-106
    9. Ramesh, P., Panwar, N.R., Singh, A.B and Ramana, S. (2008). Effect of organic manures on productivity, nutrient uptake soil fertility of maize (Zea mays L.) - linseed (Linum usitatissium L.) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 78(4): 351-354.
    10. Sharma, U.C and Datta, M. (2006). Physiography and resources in soils and their management in North East India. ICAR Research Complex for North East Region, Umiom, Meghalaya, pp. 35-62.
    11. Talenneigi, R.M. and Ghadiri, H. (2012). Effects of cowpea living mulch on weed control and maize yield. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences 6(17): 189-193.
    12. Uchino, H., Iwama, K., Jitsuyama, Y., Yudate, T and Nakamura, S. (2009). Yield losses of soybean and maize by competition with inter seeded cover crops and weeds in organic - based cropping systems. Field Crops Research 113: 342-351.
    13. Willer, H and Yussefi, M. (2006). The world of organic agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends (2006). International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Bonn, Germany.
    14. Zystro, Jared P., Leon, Natalia de and Tracy, William F. (2012). Analysis of traits related to weed competitiveness in sweet corn (Zea mays L.). Sustainibility 4: 543-560.
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