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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 52 issue 5 (october 2018) : 566-570,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5058

Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)

G
Gurpreet Kaur
M
Madhu Sharma
1Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
Cite article:- Kaur Gurpreet, Sharma Madhu (2018). Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(5): 566-570. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5058.

ABSTRACT

A field trial was conducted in 2016-2017 at Vegetable Seed Production Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana in randomized complete block design with three doses of nitrogen (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) and four summer season vegetables (capsicum, chilli, cucumber and tomato) as intercrops replicated thrice. The maximum plant height (57.11 cm), number of leaves per plant (15.85), leaf size (394.87 cm2), leaf area index (3.39), plant spread (64 cm), head weight (176.72 g), number of axillary sprouts per plant (9.01), weight of axillary sprouts per plant (130.50 g) and total yield (145.47 q/ha) obtained with nitrogen @ 175 kg/ha were statistically at par with nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha. The statistical differences were found to be non-significant in intercropping systems but the sole crop of broccoli showed maximum values for growth and yield parameters.  The highest benefit cost ratio (BCR: 3.74) and land equivalent ratio (LER: 1.67) were observed in broccoli + tomato followed by broccoli + chilli. 

REFERENCES

  1. Ahmad, S., Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M.Y., Ashraf, M. and Waraich, E.A. (2009). Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Botany.41(2):647-654.
  2. Ali, S., Khan, A.Z., Mairaj, G., Arif, M., Fida, M. and Bibi, S. (2008). Assessment of different crop nutrient management practices for yield improvement. Australian Journal of Crop Sciences.2(3):150-157.
  3. Anonymous, (2011). Vision 2030, ICAR, New Delhi, pp.2-3.
  4. Anonymous, (2017). Package of practices for cultivation of vegetables. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Pp 87-89.
  5. Bashyal, L.N. (2013). Response of cauliflower to nitrogen fixing biofertilizer and graded levels of nitrogen. Journal of Agriculture and Environment.12:41-50.
  6. Boroujerdnia, M. and Ansari, N.A. (2007). Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and cultivars on growth, yield and yield components of romaine lettuce (Lectuca sativa L.). Middle Eastern Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology.1(2):47-53.
  7. Choudhuri, P. and Jana, J.C. (2012). Effect of intercropping on yield and economics of cabbage. Journal of Crop Weed.8:155-157.
  8. Demir, H. and Polat, E. (2011). Effects of broccoli-crispy salad intercropping on yield and quality under greenhouse conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6:4116-4121.
  9. Dhakal, M., Shakya, S.M. and Bhattarai, S. (2016). Yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italic Plenck.) cv. Calabrese affected by nitrogen and farm yard manure in Chitwan, Nepal. Journal of Plant Health.1:102.
  10. El-Helaly, M.M. (2012). Effect of nitrogen fertilization rates and potassium sources on broccoli yield, quality and storability. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 8(4):385-394.
  11. Ghoneim, I.M. (2005). Effect of nitrogen fertilization and its application system on vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality of sweet pepper. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. 4:58-77.
  12. Giri, R.K., Sharma, M.D., Shakya, S.M.,YubakDhoj, G.C. and Kandel, T.P. (2013). Growth and yield responses of broccoli cultivars to different rates of nitrogen in western Chitwan, Nepal. Agricultural Sciences. 4:8-12.
  13. Gupta, M. (2012). Effect of intercropping of vegetables and width of polythene sheet on yield and economic returns under low tunnel technology. Journal of KrishiVigyan.1:14-17.
  14. Guvenc, I. and Yildirim, E. (2006). Increasing productivity with intercropping systems in cabbage production. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 28:29-44.
  15. Hussain, M.J., Sirajul Karim, A.J.M., Solaiman, A.R.M, and Haque, M.M. (2012). Effects of nitrogen and boron on the yield and hollow stem disorder of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica).The Agriculturists.10:36-45.
  16. Moniruzzaman, M., Rahman, S.M.L., Kibria, M.G., Rahman, M.A. and Hossain, M.M. (2007). Effect of boron and nitrogen on yieldand hollowstem of broccoli. Journal of Soil and Nature. 1:24-29.
  17. Poggio, S.L. (2005). Structure of weed communities occurring in monoculture and intercropping of pea and barley. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 109:48-58.
  18. Neethu, T.M., Tripathi, S.M., Narwade, A.V. and Sreeganesh, S. (2015). Effect of N and P levels on growth and yield parameters of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) under South Gujarat conditions. International Journal of Tropical Ariculture .    33:913-917. 
  19. Qureshi, F., Wani, J.A., Bashir, U., Malik, M. A. and Mir, S.A. (2014). Response of farmyard manure and inorganic nitrogen on vegetative growth, leaf yield and quality of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) in temperate region of Kashmir valley. International Journalof Biology and Life Sciences.2(3):786-791.
  20. Rao, K.T., Rao, A.U., Sekhar, D., Ramu, P. S. and Rao, N.V. (2014). Effect of different doses of nitrogen on performance of promising varieties of rice in high altitude areas of Andhra Pradesh. International Journal of Farm Sciences.4(1):6-15. 
  21. Schellenberg, D.L., Anthony, D.B. and Zhengxing, S. (2009). Large single-head broccoli yield as affected by plant density, nitrogen and cultivar in a plasticulture system. Hortechnology.19:792-795.
  22. Singh, M.K., Chand, T., Kumar, M., Singh, K.V., Lodhi, S.K., Singh, V.P. and Sirohi, V.K. (2015). Responses of different doses of NPK and boron on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). International Journal of Bio-resource and StressManagement.6:108-112.
  23. Ullah, M.A., Anwar, M. and Rana, A.S. (2010). Effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvesting intervals on the yield and forage quality of elephant grass (Pennisetumpurpureum (L.) under mesic climate of Pothowar plateau. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences.47(3):231-234. 
  24. Xu, C.J., Guo, R.F., Yan, H.Z., Yuan, J., Sun, B., Yuan, G.F. and Wang, Q.M. (2010). Effect of nitrogen fertilization on ascorbic acid, glucoraphanin content and quinine reductase activity in broccoli floret and stem. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environ-    ment.8:179-184.
  25. Yadav, L.P., Malhotra, S.K. and Singh, A. (2016). Growth, yield and quality response of organic broccoli to intercrops and crop geometry. Indian Journal of Horticulture.73:376-382.
  26. Yadav, L.P., Malhotra, S.K. and Singh, A. (2017). Effect of intercropping, crop geometry and organic manures on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleraceavar. italica). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.87(3):318-324.
  27. Yoldas, F., Ceylan, S., Yagmur, B. and Mordogan, N. (2008). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on yield quality and nutrient content in broccoli. Journal of Plant Nutrition.31:1333-1343.
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 5 (october 2018) : 566-570,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5058

    Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)

    G
    Gurpreet Kaur
    M
    Madhu Sharma
    1Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
    Cite article:- Kaur Gurpreet, Sharma Madhu (2018). Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(5): 566-570. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5058.

    ABSTRACT

    A field trial was conducted in 2016-2017 at Vegetable Seed Production Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana in randomized complete block design with three doses of nitrogen (125, 150 and 175 kg/ha) and four summer season vegetables (capsicum, chilli, cucumber and tomato) as intercrops replicated thrice. The maximum plant height (57.11 cm), number of leaves per plant (15.85), leaf size (394.87 cm2), leaf area index (3.39), plant spread (64 cm), head weight (176.72 g), number of axillary sprouts per plant (9.01), weight of axillary sprouts per plant (130.50 g) and total yield (145.47 q/ha) obtained with nitrogen @ 175 kg/ha were statistically at par with nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha. The statistical differences were found to be non-significant in intercropping systems but the sole crop of broccoli showed maximum values for growth and yield parameters.  The highest benefit cost ratio (BCR: 3.74) and land equivalent ratio (LER: 1.67) were observed in broccoli + tomato followed by broccoli + chilli. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Ahmad, S., Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M.Y., Ashraf, M. and Waraich, E.A. (2009). Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Botany.41(2):647-654.
    2. Ali, S., Khan, A.Z., Mairaj, G., Arif, M., Fida, M. and Bibi, S. (2008). Assessment of different crop nutrient management practices for yield improvement. Australian Journal of Crop Sciences.2(3):150-157.
    3. Anonymous, (2011). Vision 2030, ICAR, New Delhi, pp.2-3.
    4. Anonymous, (2017). Package of practices for cultivation of vegetables. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Pp 87-89.
    5. Bashyal, L.N. (2013). Response of cauliflower to nitrogen fixing biofertilizer and graded levels of nitrogen. Journal of Agriculture and Environment.12:41-50.
    6. Boroujerdnia, M. and Ansari, N.A. (2007). Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and cultivars on growth, yield and yield components of romaine lettuce (Lectuca sativa L.). Middle Eastern Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology.1(2):47-53.
    7. Choudhuri, P. and Jana, J.C. (2012). Effect of intercropping on yield and economics of cabbage. Journal of Crop Weed.8:155-157.
    8. Demir, H. and Polat, E. (2011). Effects of broccoli-crispy salad intercropping on yield and quality under greenhouse conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6:4116-4121.
    9. Dhakal, M., Shakya, S.M. and Bhattarai, S. (2016). Yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italic Plenck.) cv. Calabrese affected by nitrogen and farm yard manure in Chitwan, Nepal. Journal of Plant Health.1:102.
    10. El-Helaly, M.M. (2012). Effect of nitrogen fertilization rates and potassium sources on broccoli yield, quality and storability. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 8(4):385-394.
    11. Ghoneim, I.M. (2005). Effect of nitrogen fertilization and its application system on vegetative growth, fruit yield and quality of sweet pepper. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. 4:58-77.
    12. Giri, R.K., Sharma, M.D., Shakya, S.M.,YubakDhoj, G.C. and Kandel, T.P. (2013). Growth and yield responses of broccoli cultivars to different rates of nitrogen in western Chitwan, Nepal. Agricultural Sciences. 4:8-12.
    13. Gupta, M. (2012). Effect of intercropping of vegetables and width of polythene sheet on yield and economic returns under low tunnel technology. Journal of KrishiVigyan.1:14-17.
    14. Guvenc, I. and Yildirim, E. (2006). Increasing productivity with intercropping systems in cabbage production. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. 28:29-44.
    15. Hussain, M.J., Sirajul Karim, A.J.M., Solaiman, A.R.M, and Haque, M.M. (2012). Effects of nitrogen and boron on the yield and hollow stem disorder of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica).The Agriculturists.10:36-45.
    16. Moniruzzaman, M., Rahman, S.M.L., Kibria, M.G., Rahman, M.A. and Hossain, M.M. (2007). Effect of boron and nitrogen on yieldand hollowstem of broccoli. Journal of Soil and Nature. 1:24-29.
    17. Poggio, S.L. (2005). Structure of weed communities occurring in monoculture and intercropping of pea and barley. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 109:48-58.
    18. Neethu, T.M., Tripathi, S.M., Narwade, A.V. and Sreeganesh, S. (2015). Effect of N and P levels on growth and yield parameters of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) under South Gujarat conditions. International Journal of Tropical Ariculture .    33:913-917. 
    19. Qureshi, F., Wani, J.A., Bashir, U., Malik, M. A. and Mir, S.A. (2014). Response of farmyard manure and inorganic nitrogen on vegetative growth, leaf yield and quality of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) in temperate region of Kashmir valley. International Journalof Biology and Life Sciences.2(3):786-791.
    20. Rao, K.T., Rao, A.U., Sekhar, D., Ramu, P. S. and Rao, N.V. (2014). Effect of different doses of nitrogen on performance of promising varieties of rice in high altitude areas of Andhra Pradesh. International Journal of Farm Sciences.4(1):6-15. 
    21. Schellenberg, D.L., Anthony, D.B. and Zhengxing, S. (2009). Large single-head broccoli yield as affected by plant density, nitrogen and cultivar in a plasticulture system. Hortechnology.19:792-795.
    22. Singh, M.K., Chand, T., Kumar, M., Singh, K.V., Lodhi, S.K., Singh, V.P. and Sirohi, V.K. (2015). Responses of different doses of NPK and boron on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). International Journal of Bio-resource and StressManagement.6:108-112.
    23. Ullah, M.A., Anwar, M. and Rana, A.S. (2010). Effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvesting intervals on the yield and forage quality of elephant grass (Pennisetumpurpureum (L.) under mesic climate of Pothowar plateau. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences.47(3):231-234. 
    24. Xu, C.J., Guo, R.F., Yan, H.Z., Yuan, J., Sun, B., Yuan, G.F. and Wang, Q.M. (2010). Effect of nitrogen fertilization on ascorbic acid, glucoraphanin content and quinine reductase activity in broccoli floret and stem. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environ-    ment.8:179-184.
    25. Yadav, L.P., Malhotra, S.K. and Singh, A. (2016). Growth, yield and quality response of organic broccoli to intercrops and crop geometry. Indian Journal of Horticulture.73:376-382.
    26. Yadav, L.P., Malhotra, S.K. and Singh, A. (2017). Effect of intercropping, crop geometry and organic manures on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleraceavar. italica). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.87(3):318-324.
    27. Yoldas, F., Ceylan, S., Yagmur, B. and Mordogan, N. (2008). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on yield quality and nutrient content in broccoli. Journal of Plant Nutrition.31:1333-1343.
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