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Research Article

volume 52 issue 2 (april 2018) : 126-132,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4908

Beneficial effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) exposure on mineral and protein content of mungbean seeds and sprouts

R
R.M. Nair
T
T. Leelapriya
K
K.S.Dhilip
V
V.N. Boddepalli
D
D.R. Ledesma
1World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru-502 324, Hyderabad, Telengana, India.
Cite article:- Nair R.M., Leelapriya T., K.S.Dhilip, Boddepalli V.N., Ledesma D.R. (2018). Beneficial effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) exposure on mineral and protein content of mungbean seeds and sprouts. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(2): 126-132. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4908.

ABSTRACT

ive mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] lines (CN9-5, EC693363, Harsha, KPS-1 and NM 94) were subjected to three different Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) treatments. Fresh seed lots were exposed to ELF-SMF for 5 hours/day for a total duration of 15 days. Three treatment combinations of ELF-SMF chosen for assessment and comparison were: T1-10Hz, 1500 + 250 nanoTesla (nT), T2- 50Hz, 1500 + 250nT and T3 - 100Hz, 1500 + 250nT. Non-treated seeds were maintained as control (T4). Minerals (iron, calcium, zinc and total phosphorus) and protein contents were determined in both the control and test seed lots and sprout samples raised from them. The sprouting parameters were also recorded. All three ELF-SMF treatments were significant for calcium and total phosphorus content in the test seed samples when compared to control. In the case of sprouts, with respect to minerals, all the ELF-SMF treatments were significant for calcium content when compared to control. With respect to protein, sprouts from EC 693363 line recorded 8.3% increase in protein content in T1 (10Hz) while sprouts from Harsha line recorded 7.2% increase in protein content in T2 (50Hz) compared to their respective controls. No treatment effects were observed for the sprouting parameters.

REFERENCES

  1. Aguilar, C.H., Dominguez-Pacheco, A., Carballo, A.C, Cruz-Orea, A., Ivanov, R., Bonilla, J.L.L. and Montanez, J.P.V. (2009). Alternating magnetic field irradiation effects on three genotype maize seed field performance. International Agrophysics.14: 1.
  2. Aksyonov, S.I., Buchylev, A., Grunina, T.Y.u., Goryachev, S.N. and Turovetsky, V.B. (2000). Physiochemical mechanisms of efficiency of treatment by weak ELF-EMF of wheat seeds at different stages of germination. Proc. 22th Annual Meeting Eur. Bioelectromagnetics Ass. Munich, 112-113.
  3. Ayrapetyan, S. and De, J. (2014). Cell Hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms. The Scientific World Journal, Article ID 890518.
  4. Bilalis, D.J., Katsenios, N., Efthimiadou, A., Karkanis, A., Khah, E.M. and Mitsis, T. (2013). Magnetic field pre-sowing treatment as an organic friendly technique to promote plant growth and chemical elements accumulation in early stages of cotton Australian Journal of Crop Science. 7(1):46-50.
  5. Belyavskaya, N.A. (2001). Ultrastructure and calcium balance in meristem cells of pea roots exposed to extremely low magnetic fields. Advances in Space Research, 28: 645–650. doi: 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00373-8.
  6. Bhardwaj, J., Anand, A., Pandita and V.K., Nagarajan, S. (2016). Pulsed magnetic field improves seed quality of aged green pea seeds by homeostasis of free radical content. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53: 3969–3977. 
  7. Chen, Y-P., He, J-M. and Le, R. (2012). Effect of magnetic fields pretreatment of mungbean seeds on sprout yield and quality. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11: 36.
  8. Cleary, S.F. (1993). A Review of In vitro studies: Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. Journal of American Industrial Hygiene Association. 54:178-185. 
  9. Galland, P. and Pazur, A. (2005). Magnetoreception in plants. Journal of Plant Research, 118:371–389.
  10. Huang, H-H. and Wang, S-R. (2008). The effects of inverter magnetic fields on early seed germination of mung beans.Bioelectromagnetics, 29: 649–657. doi: 10.1002/bem.20432
  11. Javed, N., Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A. and Al-Qurainy, F. (2011). Alleviation of adverse effects of drought stress on growth and some potential physiological attributes in maize (Zea mays L.) by seed electromagnetic treatment. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 87: 1354–1362. 
  12. Krylov., A.V. and Tarakanova. G,A. (1960). Magnetotropism of plants and its nature. Plant Physiology, 17: 156-160. 
  13. Lednev, V. V. (1991). Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 12:71-75. 
  14. Liboff, A. R. (1985). Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in living things. Journal of Biological Physics 13: 99-102. 
  15. Maffei, M.E. (2014). Magnetic Field effects on plant growth, development and evolution. Plant Science.5:445.
  16. Mahajan, T.S. and Pandey, O.P. (2012). Magnetic time model for seed germination. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11: 88.
  17. Mahajan, T.S. and Pandey, O.P. (2011). Reformulation of Malthus-Verhulst equation for blackgram seeds pretreated with magnetic field. International Agrophysics, 25:355-359.
  18. Majd, A. and Shabrangi, A. (2009). Effect of Seed pretreatment by magnetic fields on Seed germination and Ontogeny Growth of Agricultural plants. Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium. Beijing, China. Mar 23-27. 
  19. Matthew, S.W., Teresa, O.F. and Lyndon, Palmer. (2011). A cost-effective acid digestion method using closed polypropylene tubes for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis of plant essential elements, Analytical Methods, 3: 2854-2863.
  20. Negishi, Y., Hashimoto, A., Tsushima, M., Dobrota, C., Yamashita, M. and Nakamura, T. (1999). Growth of pea epicotyl in low magnetic field implication for space research. Advances in Space Research. 23: 2029–2032.doi:10.1016/S0273-1177 (99)00342-7.
  21. Pietruszewski, S. (1996). Effect of Magnetic Biostimulation of wheat seeds on germination, yield and proteins. International Agrophysics, 10: 51-55
  22. Pietruszewski, S. (1993). Effect of magnetic seed treatment on yields of wheat. Seed Science and Technology, 2: 621 – 626.
  23. Podleony, J., Pietruszewski, S. and Podleœna, A. (2004). Efficiency of magnetic biostimulation of broad bean cultivated in the experimental plot conditions. International Agrophysics, 18: 65-71.
  24. Radhakrishnan, R. and Kumari, B.D.R. (2013). Influence of pulsed magnetic field on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed germination, seedling growth and soil microbial population. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB), 50: 312–317.
  25. Repacholi, M.H. and Greenebaum, B. (1999). Interaction of static and extremely low frequency electric andmagnetic fields with living systems: Health effects and research needs. Bioelectromagnetics, 20:133–201.
  26. Sahrawat, K.L., Ravi Kumar, G. and Murthy, K.V.S. (2002). Sulfuric acid-Selenium digestion for multi-element analysis in a single plant digest. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 33: 19 and 20, 3757-3765.
  27. Savostin, P.W. (1930). Magnetic growth relations in plants. Planta. 12:327.
  28. Shine, M., Guruprasad, K. and Anand, A. (2011). Enhancement of germination, growth and photosynthesis in soybean by pre-treatment of seeds with magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 32: 474–484.doi:10.1002/bem.20656
  29. Vashisth, A. and Nagarajan, S. (2008). Exposure of seeds to static magnetic field enhances germination and early growth characteristics in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Bio electromagnetics 29: 571–578.doi:10.1002/bem.20426.
  30. Wadas, R. (1991), Biomagnetism. PWN, Warszawa
  31. Yamashita, M., Tomita-Yokotani, K., Hashimoto, H., Takai, M., Tsushima, M. and Nakamura T. (2004).Experimental concept for examination of biological effects of magnetic field concealed by gravity. Advances in Space Research, 34: 1575–1578. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2004.01.022
  32. Yu, X., Liu, H., Klejnot, J. and Lin, C. (2010). The Cryptochrome Blue Light Receptors. The Arabidopsis Book / American Society of Plant Biologists.; 8:e0135. doi:10.1199/tab.0135. 
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 2 (april 2018) : 126-132,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4908

    Beneficial effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) exposure on mineral and protein content of mungbean seeds and sprouts

    R
    R.M. Nair
    T
    T. Leelapriya
    K
    K.S.Dhilip
    V
    V.N. Boddepalli
    D
    D.R. Ledesma
    1World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru-502 324, Hyderabad, Telengana, India.
    Cite article:- Nair R.M., Leelapriya T., K.S.Dhilip, Boddepalli V.N., Ledesma D.R. (2018). Beneficial effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) exposure on mineral and protein content of mungbean seeds and sprouts. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 52(2): 126-132. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4908.

    ABSTRACT

    ive mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] lines (CN9-5, EC693363, Harsha, KPS-1 and NM 94) were subjected to three different Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) sinusoidal magnetic field (SMF) treatments. Fresh seed lots were exposed to ELF-SMF for 5 hours/day for a total duration of 15 days. Three treatment combinations of ELF-SMF chosen for assessment and comparison were: T1-10Hz, 1500 + 250 nanoTesla (nT), T2- 50Hz, 1500 + 250nT and T3 - 100Hz, 1500 + 250nT. Non-treated seeds were maintained as control (T4). Minerals (iron, calcium, zinc and total phosphorus) and protein contents were determined in both the control and test seed lots and sprout samples raised from them. The sprouting parameters were also recorded. All three ELF-SMF treatments were significant for calcium and total phosphorus content in the test seed samples when compared to control. In the case of sprouts, with respect to minerals, all the ELF-SMF treatments were significant for calcium content when compared to control. With respect to protein, sprouts from EC 693363 line recorded 8.3% increase in protein content in T1 (10Hz) while sprouts from Harsha line recorded 7.2% increase in protein content in T2 (50Hz) compared to their respective controls. No treatment effects were observed for the sprouting parameters.

    REFERENCES

    1. Aguilar, C.H., Dominguez-Pacheco, A., Carballo, A.C, Cruz-Orea, A., Ivanov, R., Bonilla, J.L.L. and Montanez, J.P.V. (2009). Alternating magnetic field irradiation effects on three genotype maize seed field performance. International Agrophysics.14: 1.
    2. Aksyonov, S.I., Buchylev, A., Grunina, T.Y.u., Goryachev, S.N. and Turovetsky, V.B. (2000). Physiochemical mechanisms of efficiency of treatment by weak ELF-EMF of wheat seeds at different stages of germination. Proc. 22th Annual Meeting Eur. Bioelectromagnetics Ass. Munich, 112-113.
    3. Ayrapetyan, S. and De, J. (2014). Cell Hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms. The Scientific World Journal, Article ID 890518.
    4. Bilalis, D.J., Katsenios, N., Efthimiadou, A., Karkanis, A., Khah, E.M. and Mitsis, T. (2013). Magnetic field pre-sowing treatment as an organic friendly technique to promote plant growth and chemical elements accumulation in early stages of cotton Australian Journal of Crop Science. 7(1):46-50.
    5. Belyavskaya, N.A. (2001). Ultrastructure and calcium balance in meristem cells of pea roots exposed to extremely low magnetic fields. Advances in Space Research, 28: 645–650. doi: 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00373-8.
    6. Bhardwaj, J., Anand, A., Pandita and V.K., Nagarajan, S. (2016). Pulsed magnetic field improves seed quality of aged green pea seeds by homeostasis of free radical content. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53: 3969–3977. 
    7. Chen, Y-P., He, J-M. and Le, R. (2012). Effect of magnetic fields pretreatment of mungbean seeds on sprout yield and quality. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11: 36.
    8. Cleary, S.F. (1993). A Review of In vitro studies: Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. Journal of American Industrial Hygiene Association. 54:178-185. 
    9. Galland, P. and Pazur, A. (2005). Magnetoreception in plants. Journal of Plant Research, 118:371–389.
    10. Huang, H-H. and Wang, S-R. (2008). The effects of inverter magnetic fields on early seed germination of mung beans.Bioelectromagnetics, 29: 649–657. doi: 10.1002/bem.20432
    11. Javed, N., Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A. and Al-Qurainy, F. (2011). Alleviation of adverse effects of drought stress on growth and some potential physiological attributes in maize (Zea mays L.) by seed electromagnetic treatment. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 87: 1354–1362. 
    12. Krylov., A.V. and Tarakanova. G,A. (1960). Magnetotropism of plants and its nature. Plant Physiology, 17: 156-160. 
    13. Lednev, V. V. (1991). Possible mechanism for the influence of weak magnetic fields on biological systems. Bioelectromagnetics 12:71-75. 
    14. Liboff, A. R. (1985). Geomagnetic cyclotron resonance in living things. Journal of Biological Physics 13: 99-102. 
    15. Maffei, M.E. (2014). Magnetic Field effects on plant growth, development and evolution. Plant Science.5:445.
    16. Mahajan, T.S. and Pandey, O.P. (2012). Magnetic time model for seed germination. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11: 88.
    17. Mahajan, T.S. and Pandey, O.P. (2011). Reformulation of Malthus-Verhulst equation for blackgram seeds pretreated with magnetic field. International Agrophysics, 25:355-359.
    18. Majd, A. and Shabrangi, A. (2009). Effect of Seed pretreatment by magnetic fields on Seed germination and Ontogeny Growth of Agricultural plants. Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium. Beijing, China. Mar 23-27. 
    19. Matthew, S.W., Teresa, O.F. and Lyndon, Palmer. (2011). A cost-effective acid digestion method using closed polypropylene tubes for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis of plant essential elements, Analytical Methods, 3: 2854-2863.
    20. Negishi, Y., Hashimoto, A., Tsushima, M., Dobrota, C., Yamashita, M. and Nakamura, T. (1999). Growth of pea epicotyl in low magnetic field implication for space research. Advances in Space Research. 23: 2029–2032.doi:10.1016/S0273-1177 (99)00342-7.
    21. Pietruszewski, S. (1996). Effect of Magnetic Biostimulation of wheat seeds on germination, yield and proteins. International Agrophysics, 10: 51-55
    22. Pietruszewski, S. (1993). Effect of magnetic seed treatment on yields of wheat. Seed Science and Technology, 2: 621 – 626.
    23. Podleony, J., Pietruszewski, S. and Podleœna, A. (2004). Efficiency of magnetic biostimulation of broad bean cultivated in the experimental plot conditions. International Agrophysics, 18: 65-71.
    24. Radhakrishnan, R. and Kumari, B.D.R. (2013). Influence of pulsed magnetic field on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed germination, seedling growth and soil microbial population. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB), 50: 312–317.
    25. Repacholi, M.H. and Greenebaum, B. (1999). Interaction of static and extremely low frequency electric andmagnetic fields with living systems: Health effects and research needs. Bioelectromagnetics, 20:133–201.
    26. Sahrawat, K.L., Ravi Kumar, G. and Murthy, K.V.S. (2002). Sulfuric acid-Selenium digestion for multi-element analysis in a single plant digest. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 33: 19 and 20, 3757-3765.
    27. Savostin, P.W. (1930). Magnetic growth relations in plants. Planta. 12:327.
    28. Shine, M., Guruprasad, K. and Anand, A. (2011). Enhancement of germination, growth and photosynthesis in soybean by pre-treatment of seeds with magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 32: 474–484.doi:10.1002/bem.20656
    29. Vashisth, A. and Nagarajan, S. (2008). Exposure of seeds to static magnetic field enhances germination and early growth characteristics in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Bio electromagnetics 29: 571–578.doi:10.1002/bem.20426.
    30. Wadas, R. (1991), Biomagnetism. PWN, Warszawa
    31. Yamashita, M., Tomita-Yokotani, K., Hashimoto, H., Takai, M., Tsushima, M. and Nakamura T. (2004).Experimental concept for examination of biological effects of magnetic field concealed by gravity. Advances in Space Research, 34: 1575–1578. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2004.01.022
    32. Yu, X., Liu, H., Klejnot, J. and Lin, C. (2010). The Cryptochrome Blue Light Receptors. The Arabidopsis Book / American Society of Plant Biologists.; 8:e0135. doi:10.1199/tab.0135. 
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