Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research

Effect of herbicides on the activity of soil enzymes urease in maize crop

DOI: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4812    | Article Id: A-4812 | Page : 300-304
Citation :- Effect of herbicides on the activity of soil enzymes urease in maize crop.Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research.2018.(52):300-304
J. Aruna Kumari, P.C. Rao, M. Madhavi and G. Padmaja jyothiarunakumari_10@rediffmail.com
Address : Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar-500 030, Telangana, India.
Submitted Date : 9-06-2017
Accepted Date : 5-05-2018
First Online:

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of pre-emergence, post emergence and combination of atrazine with post emergence herbicides on soil enzyme urease activity(expressed as µg of NH4+ released g-1 soil h-1) at College Farm, College of Agriculture ,Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India during kharif 2014. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) using six herbicide treatments un weeded control and hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS with three replications. Maize was sown as test crop(variety –DHM-117).The soil samples were collected at 15 days intervals ie: 0, 15,30,45, 60, 75 and 90 days, to assay the enzyme activity. The pre-emergence herbicides were sprayed at zero days after sowing where post- emergence herbicides were sprayed after 15 days after sowing. The enzyme activity in the control increased from 0 days to 60 days and then decreased but the activity in the pre- emergence herbicide pendimethalin showed the same phase as that of control and showed higher activity over the control at each stage where as atrazine showed decrease in activity at 0 days (8.71) and latter it revoked the activity and reached maximum at 60 days (12.35). When compare to pendimethalin the activity was less at each and every stage. In case of post – emergence herbicides the activity showed mixed responses to at different stages Tembotrione showed higher activity when compare to Topramezone. In combination of Tembotrione and Topramezone with atrazine showed mixed responses.

Keywords

Atrazine Pendimethalin Pre-emergence Post- emergence Urease Tembotrione Topramezone.

References

  1. Abbas, Z.M. Akmal, K.S. Khan and Fayyaz-Ul-Hassan, (2015). Response of soil microorganisms and enzymes activity to application of buctril super (Bromoxynil) under rainfed conditions. International Journal of Agriculture Biology. 17: 305 312
  2. Baboo,M. Pasayat, M. Samal, A. Kujur, M. Maharana, J.K and Patel, A.K. (2013).Effect of four herbicides on soil organic carbon, microbial biomass-c, enzyme activity and microbial populations in agricultural soil. International Journal of Research in Environmental Science and Technology, 3(4): 100-112.
  3. Balasubramanian, A. Bagyaraj, D.J and Rangaswami, G. (1970). Studies on the influence of foliar application of chemicals on the microflora and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere. Plant and Soil. 32: 198-206. 
  4. Bharathi,J.M. Balachandar,D. Narayanan, R and Kumar, K. (2011). Impact of fertigation on soil microbial community and enzyme activities cropped with maize under precision farming system. The Madras Agricultural Journal.98 (1-3):84-88.
  5. Bouyoucos, G.J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy. Journal. 54:464-465.
  6. Cerevelli, S. Nannipieri, P. Giovannini, G and Perna, A. (1975). Jackbean urease inhibition by substituted urease. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 5: 221 – 225.Commodity profile - Maize, 2014. Krishijrishijavran.com
  7. Davies, H.A and Greaves, M.P. (1981). Effects of some herbicides on soil enzyme activities. Weed Research. 21: 205-209.
  8. Ismail, B.S. Omar. O & Ingon D.. (1996). Effects of metolachor on the activities of four soil enzymes. Microbios 87: 239-248.
  9. Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited., New Delhi.
  10. Karanth, N.G. Chitra, K.C and Vasantharajan, V.N. (1975). Effect of fungicide dexon on the activities of some soil enzymes. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 13: 52-54. 
  11. Kavitha, M.P. Ganesaraja, V. Paulpand,V.K and Subramanian, R.B. (2011). Rhizosphere enzyme activities as influenced by age of seedlings, weed management practices and humic acid application under system of rice intensification. Indian Journal of Agriculture Research. 45(2):151 – 155.
  12. Latha, P.C and Gopal, G. (2010). Influence of herbicides on cellulolytic, proteolytic and phosphate solubalizing bacteria. International Journal of Plant Protection. 3(1): 83-88.
  13. Olsen, S.R. Cole, C.V. Watanabe, F.S and Dean, L.A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. Circulation from USDA, 939.
  14. Pandey, R. R. Sharma, G. Tripathi, S. K. Singh, A. K. (2007). Litter fall, litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in subtropical natural forest and managed plantations in northeastern India. For. Ecol. Manag. 240 96-106
  15. Patel, V. J. Upadhyay, P.N. Patel, J.B and Meisuriya, M.I. (2006). Effect of herbicide mixture on weeds in kharif maize (Zea mays L.) under middle Gujarat conditions. Indian Journal of Weed Science. 38 (1&2): 54-57.
  16. Perucci, P and Scarponi, L. (1994). Effects of herbicide imazethapyr on soil microbial biomass and various soil enzyme activities. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 17: 237-240.
  17. Rai, T.N and Yadav, J. (2011). Influence of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on soil enzyme activities. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science. 59 (1): 54 – 59.
  18. Ramudu, A.C. Mohiddin, G.J. Srinivasulu, M. Madakks, M. Ranagaswamy (2011). Impact of fungicides chlorothalonil andpropiconazole on microbial activities in groundnut soils ISRN microbiology
  19. Rasool, N and Reshi Z.A (2010)Effect of the fungicide Mancozeb at different application rates on enzyme activities in a silt loam soil of the Kashmir Himalaya, India International Society for Tropical Ecology 51(2): 199-205,
  20. Reddy, T.P. Padmaja, G and Rao, P.C. (2011). Integrated effect of vermicompost and nitrogen fertilizers on soil urease enzyme activity and yield of onion-radish cropping system. Indian Journal of Agriculture Research. 45(2): 146-150.
  21. Sebiomo, A. Ogundero, V.W and Bankole, S.A. (2011). Effect of four herbicides on microbial population, soil organic matter and dehydrogenase activity. African Journal of Bio-technology. 10(5): 770-778.
  22. Singh, R. (2014). Influence of pendimethalin with different fertilizer on soil enzyme activities in Bulandshahr soil.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(5): 1-6
  23. Sireesha, A., .Rao. P.C, Ramalaxmi, C.S and Swapna, G. (2012). Effect of pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen on soil enzyme activity. Journal of Crop and Weed 8 (1): 124 – 128.
  24. Subbaiah, B.V and Asija, G.L. (1956). A rapid procedure for the determination of available nitrogen in soils. Current Science. 25: 259-    260.
  25. Tabatabai, M.A and Bremner, J.M. (1972). Assay of urease activity in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 4: 479-487. 
  26. Tripathi, G and Sharma, B.M. (2006). Interaction of above and below ground bioresources for improvement of chemical and biological health of soil. CientificaJaboticabal. 34:75 – 91.
  27. Vandana, J.L., Rao, P.C and Padmaja,G(2012)Effect of herbicides and nutrient management on soil enzyme activity, Journal of Rice Research. 5 (2012) 1-2. 
  28. Voets, J.P., Meerschman, P and Verstraete, W. (1974). Soil microbiological and biochemical effects on long-term atrazine application. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 6: 149-152.
  29. Walakley, A and Black, C.A. (1934). Estimation of organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Science. 37: 29-38.
  30. Weaver, M. Zablotowicz, R. and Locke, M. (2004). Laboratory assessment of atrazine and fluometuron degradation in soils from a constructed wetland. Chemosphere, 57: 853-86

Global Footprints