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Research Article

volume 53 issue 5 (october 2019) : 604-608,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-419

Physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars

R
Rashied Tetteh
L
Lawrence Misa Aboagye
R
Robert Darko
E
Eric Ansah Osafo
1CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute,<br />P.O. Box 7, Bunso, Eastern Region, Ghana.
Cite article:- Tetteh Rashied, Aboagye Misa Lawrence, Darko Robert, Osafo Ansah Eric (2019). Physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(5): 604-608. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-419.

ABSTRACT

Production of high quality seeds depends upon the appropriate time of harvest. In this study, variation in physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage was assessed in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars (Legon 18 and BAG 14/001) which have different fruit shapes and sizes. Fruits were harvested at four maturity stages (i.e. initially ripe, half ripe, fully ripe and rotten) and seeds extracted after each harvest. Seed quality was assessed by 100-seed weight, seed vigour and germination percentage. The results showed that the seeds extracted at the initially ripe stage had the lowest 100-seed weight in both cultivars. Whereas, seeds extracted at the fully ripe and rotten stages gave higher vigour and germination percentage than those harvested at the initial and half ripe stage in both cultivars. Also, the seeds extracted from Legon 18 had higher viability than BAG 14/001 at all maturity stages.

REFERENCES

  1. Alan, O. and Eser, B. (2008). The effect of fruit maturity and post-harvest ripening on seed quality in hot and conic pepper cultivars. Seed Sci. Technol., 36: 467- 474.
  2. Blay, E., Danquah, E.Y. and Ababu, A. (1999). Effect of time of harvest, stage of fruit ripening and post-harvest ripening on seed yield and germinability of local garden egg (Solanum gilo Radii). Ghana J. Agric. Sci., 32: 159-167.
  3. Bosland, P.W. (1992). Chiles: a diverse crop. HortTechnol., 2: 6-10.
  4. Bosland, P.W. (1994). Chillies history, cultivation, and uses. In: Species, Herbs and Edible Fungi, Elsevier Publication, New York, USA, pp: 347-366.
  5. Cavero, J., Ortega, R.G. and Zaragoza, C. (1995). Influence of fruit ripeness at the time of seed extraction on pepper (Capsicum annuum) seed germination. Sci. Hort., 60: 345-352.
  6. Copeland, L.O. and McDonald, M.B. (1995). Principles of Seed Science and Technology, Chapman and Hill, New York.
  7. Dagnoko S., Yaro-Diarisso N., Sanogo P. N., Adetula O., Dolo-Nantoumé A., et al., (2013). Overview of pepper (Capsicum spp.) breeding in West Africa. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 8: 1108-1114. 
  8. Demir, I. and Samit, Y. (2001). Seed quality in relation to fruit maturation and seed dry weight during development in tomato. Seed Sci. Technol. 29: 453-462.
  9. Ellis, R.H., Demir, I., Pieta-Eilho, C., Come, D. and Corbineau, F. (1993). Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop Seed: Basic Appl. Asp. Seed Biol., 3: 897-904.
  10. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), (2007). FAO Production Yearbook, Rome, Italy. p: 333.
  11. Grubben, G.J.H. and Tahir, I. M. E. (2004). Capsicum Annuum L. In: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2: Vegetables. Grubben, G.J.H. and Denton, O.A. (Editors). PROTOA Foundation, Wageningan, Netherlands, Laiden, Netherlands/CTA, Wageningan, Netherlands. Pp. 154-163.
  12. Haruna, I. (2000). The effect of fruit colour at harvest on the germination of Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Cultivars ‘Tatashe’ and ‘Rodo’. B.Tech. Thesis submitted to the Dept. of Crop production, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
  13. Hunje, R., Vyakarnahal, B.S. and Jagadish, R.C. (2007). Influence of fruit maturity on seed yield and its components in chilli. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 20: 469-500.
  14. ISTA, (1999). International Rules for Seed Testing: Seed Science and Technology. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland, pp: 24.
  15. Knapp, S. (2002). Tobacco to tomatoes: a phylogenetic perspective on fruit diversity in the Solanaceae. J. Exp. Bot., 53: 2001-2022.
  16. Marcos-filho, J. (2005). Fisiologia de sementesde plantascultivadas. Piracicaba: Fealq, 495.
  17. Marcos-Filho, J., Chamma, H.M.C.P., Casagrande, J.R.R., Marcos, E.A. and Regitano-D’arce, M.A.B. (1994). Effect of harvesting time on seed physiological quality, chemical composition and storability of soybeans. Sci. Agric., 51: 298-304.
  18. Massimi, M. (2018). Impact of seed size on seeds viability, vigor and storability of Hordeum vulgare (L.). Agric. Sci. Dig., 38: 62-64.
  19. Naik, L.B., Hebbar, S.S. and Doijode, S.D. (1996). Effect of fruit maturity in capsicum. Seed Res., 24: 154-155.
  20. Oladiran, J.A. and Akanmu, O.K. (2000). Effect of ripening stage of fruit and processing Technique on Seed quality in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of the Biotechnology Society of Nigeria held at the National Institute of Fresh Water Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Niger State, 13th -17th April, 1999, Pp.118-122. 
  21. Passam, H.C., Lambropoulos, E. and Khah, E.M. (1997). Pepper seed longevity following production under high ambient temperature. Seed Sci. Technol., 25: 177-185.
  22. Poorter, L. and Rose, S.A. (2005). Light dependent changes in the relationship between seed mass and seedling traits: Ameta-analysis for rain forest tree species. Oecologia, 142: 378 387.
  23. Powell, A. and Mathews, S. (1995). Seed Vigour and its measurements. In: Techniques in Seed Science and Technology. 2nd Edn. South Asian Publishers. New Delhi. p. 98.
  24. Quagliotti, L., Antonucci, M. and Lanteri, S. (1981). Effects of post-harvest ripening of the seeds within the berry in two varieties of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Rivista di orto floro frutticoltura italiana, 65: 249-256.
  25. Sanchez, V.M., Sundstrom, F.J., McClure, G.N. and Lang, N.S. (1993). Fruit maturity, storage and postharvest maturation treatments affect bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed quality. Sci. Hort., 54: 191- 201.
  26. Shivankar, R.S., Zode, N.G., Shivankar, S.K., Naphade, R.S. and Path, V.N. (2001). Effect of time of harvest on seed quality and morphological indices of physiological maturity of soybean. Legume Res., 24:190-193.
  27. Siddique, A.B. w and Wright, D. (2003). Effects of time of harvest at different moisture contents on seed fresh weight, dry weight, quality (viability and vigour) and food reserves of peas (Pisum sativum L.). Asian J. Plant Sci., 2: 983- 992.
  28. Tekrony, D.M. and Egli, D.B. (1997). Accumulation of seed vigour during development and maturation. In: Ellis, R.H.; Black, M.; Murdock, A.J.; Hong, T.H., eds. Basic Appl. Asp. Seed Biol. Kluwer Academic, Boston, MA, USA. Pp. 369-384.
  29. Tetteh, R., Aboagye, L.M., Darko, R. and Osafo, E.A. (2018). Effect of maturity stages on seed quality of two tomato accessions. Afr. Crop Sci. J., 26: 237-244. 
  30. Tindall, H. D. (1983). Vegetables in the Tropics. Macmillan Education Ltd. Hampshire. Pp. 352-354.
  31. Van Gastel, A. J. G. and Bishaw, Z. (1993). Components of Seed quality. In: Seed Science and Technology, the proceedings of a Train-    the-Trainers Workshop 24th April-9th May 1993, Amman, Jordan, ICARDA Publication. Pp. 289-296.
  32. Van Gastel, A. J. G. V., Pagnotta, M.A. and Porceddu, E. (1996). Seed Science and Technology, ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. Pp. 289-295.
  33. Vidigal, D.D.S., Dias, D.C.F.D.S., Dias, L.A.D.S. and Finger, F.L. (2011). Changes in seed quality during fruit maturation of sweet pepper. Sci. Agric., 68: 535-539.
  34. Yisa, P. Z., Oladiran, J. A., Kolo, D. H., Ahmed, M., Tswanya, M.N. and Nda, S.L. (2013). Behaviour of pepper cultivar (Capsicum annum) to seed development, maturation, dormancy and vigour. Int. Res. J. Plant Sci., 4: 103-108. 
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 5 (october 2019) : 604-608,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-419

    Physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars

    R
    Rashied Tetteh
    L
    Lawrence Misa Aboagye
    R
    Robert Darko
    E
    Eric Ansah Osafo
    1CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute,<br />P.O. Box 7, Bunso, Eastern Region, Ghana.
    Cite article:- Tetteh Rashied, Aboagye Misa Lawrence, Darko Robert, Osafo Ansah Eric (2019). Physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(5): 604-608. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-419.

    ABSTRACT

    Production of high quality seeds depends upon the appropriate time of harvest. In this study, variation in physiological seed quality in relation to maturity stage was assessed in two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars (Legon 18 and BAG 14/001) which have different fruit shapes and sizes. Fruits were harvested at four maturity stages (i.e. initially ripe, half ripe, fully ripe and rotten) and seeds extracted after each harvest. Seed quality was assessed by 100-seed weight, seed vigour and germination percentage. The results showed that the seeds extracted at the initially ripe stage had the lowest 100-seed weight in both cultivars. Whereas, seeds extracted at the fully ripe and rotten stages gave higher vigour and germination percentage than those harvested at the initial and half ripe stage in both cultivars. Also, the seeds extracted from Legon 18 had higher viability than BAG 14/001 at all maturity stages.

    REFERENCES

    1. Alan, O. and Eser, B. (2008). The effect of fruit maturity and post-harvest ripening on seed quality in hot and conic pepper cultivars. Seed Sci. Technol., 36: 467- 474.
    2. Blay, E., Danquah, E.Y. and Ababu, A. (1999). Effect of time of harvest, stage of fruit ripening and post-harvest ripening on seed yield and germinability of local garden egg (Solanum gilo Radii). Ghana J. Agric. Sci., 32: 159-167.
    3. Bosland, P.W. (1992). Chiles: a diverse crop. HortTechnol., 2: 6-10.
    4. Bosland, P.W. (1994). Chillies history, cultivation, and uses. In: Species, Herbs and Edible Fungi, Elsevier Publication, New York, USA, pp: 347-366.
    5. Cavero, J., Ortega, R.G. and Zaragoza, C. (1995). Influence of fruit ripeness at the time of seed extraction on pepper (Capsicum annuum) seed germination. Sci. Hort., 60: 345-352.
    6. Copeland, L.O. and McDonald, M.B. (1995). Principles of Seed Science and Technology, Chapman and Hill, New York.
    7. Dagnoko S., Yaro-Diarisso N., Sanogo P. N., Adetula O., Dolo-Nantoumé A., et al., (2013). Overview of pepper (Capsicum spp.) breeding in West Africa. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 8: 1108-1114. 
    8. Demir, I. and Samit, Y. (2001). Seed quality in relation to fruit maturation and seed dry weight during development in tomato. Seed Sci. Technol. 29: 453-462.
    9. Ellis, R.H., Demir, I., Pieta-Eilho, C., Come, D. and Corbineau, F. (1993). Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop Seed: Basic Appl. Asp. Seed Biol., 3: 897-904.
    10. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), (2007). FAO Production Yearbook, Rome, Italy. p: 333.
    11. Grubben, G.J.H. and Tahir, I. M. E. (2004). Capsicum Annuum L. In: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2: Vegetables. Grubben, G.J.H. and Denton, O.A. (Editors). PROTOA Foundation, Wageningan, Netherlands, Laiden, Netherlands/CTA, Wageningan, Netherlands. Pp. 154-163.
    12. Haruna, I. (2000). The effect of fruit colour at harvest on the germination of Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Cultivars ‘Tatashe’ and ‘Rodo’. B.Tech. Thesis submitted to the Dept. of Crop production, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna.
    13. Hunje, R., Vyakarnahal, B.S. and Jagadish, R.C. (2007). Influence of fruit maturity on seed yield and its components in chilli. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci. 20: 469-500.
    14. ISTA, (1999). International Rules for Seed Testing: Seed Science and Technology. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland, pp: 24.
    15. Knapp, S. (2002). Tobacco to tomatoes: a phylogenetic perspective on fruit diversity in the Solanaceae. J. Exp. Bot., 53: 2001-2022.
    16. Marcos-filho, J. (2005). Fisiologia de sementesde plantascultivadas. Piracicaba: Fealq, 495.
    17. Marcos-Filho, J., Chamma, H.M.C.P., Casagrande, J.R.R., Marcos, E.A. and Regitano-D’arce, M.A.B. (1994). Effect of harvesting time on seed physiological quality, chemical composition and storability of soybeans. Sci. Agric., 51: 298-304.
    18. Massimi, M. (2018). Impact of seed size on seeds viability, vigor and storability of Hordeum vulgare (L.). Agric. Sci. Dig., 38: 62-64.
    19. Naik, L.B., Hebbar, S.S. and Doijode, S.D. (1996). Effect of fruit maturity in capsicum. Seed Res., 24: 154-155.
    20. Oladiran, J.A. and Akanmu, O.K. (2000). Effect of ripening stage of fruit and processing Technique on Seed quality in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference of the Biotechnology Society of Nigeria held at the National Institute of Fresh Water Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Niger State, 13th -17th April, 1999, Pp.118-122. 
    21. Passam, H.C., Lambropoulos, E. and Khah, E.M. (1997). Pepper seed longevity following production under high ambient temperature. Seed Sci. Technol., 25: 177-185.
    22. Poorter, L. and Rose, S.A. (2005). Light dependent changes in the relationship between seed mass and seedling traits: Ameta-analysis for rain forest tree species. Oecologia, 142: 378 387.
    23. Powell, A. and Mathews, S. (1995). Seed Vigour and its measurements. In: Techniques in Seed Science and Technology. 2nd Edn. South Asian Publishers. New Delhi. p. 98.
    24. Quagliotti, L., Antonucci, M. and Lanteri, S. (1981). Effects of post-harvest ripening of the seeds within the berry in two varieties of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Rivista di orto floro frutticoltura italiana, 65: 249-256.
    25. Sanchez, V.M., Sundstrom, F.J., McClure, G.N. and Lang, N.S. (1993). Fruit maturity, storage and postharvest maturation treatments affect bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed quality. Sci. Hort., 54: 191- 201.
    26. Shivankar, R.S., Zode, N.G., Shivankar, S.K., Naphade, R.S. and Path, V.N. (2001). Effect of time of harvest on seed quality and morphological indices of physiological maturity of soybean. Legume Res., 24:190-193.
    27. Siddique, A.B. w and Wright, D. (2003). Effects of time of harvest at different moisture contents on seed fresh weight, dry weight, quality (viability and vigour) and food reserves of peas (Pisum sativum L.). Asian J. Plant Sci., 2: 983- 992.
    28. Tekrony, D.M. and Egli, D.B. (1997). Accumulation of seed vigour during development and maturation. In: Ellis, R.H.; Black, M.; Murdock, A.J.; Hong, T.H., eds. Basic Appl. Asp. Seed Biol. Kluwer Academic, Boston, MA, USA. Pp. 369-384.
    29. Tetteh, R., Aboagye, L.M., Darko, R. and Osafo, E.A. (2018). Effect of maturity stages on seed quality of two tomato accessions. Afr. Crop Sci. J., 26: 237-244. 
    30. Tindall, H. D. (1983). Vegetables in the Tropics. Macmillan Education Ltd. Hampshire. Pp. 352-354.
    31. Van Gastel, A. J. G. and Bishaw, Z. (1993). Components of Seed quality. In: Seed Science and Technology, the proceedings of a Train-    the-Trainers Workshop 24th April-9th May 1993, Amman, Jordan, ICARDA Publication. Pp. 289-296.
    32. Van Gastel, A. J. G. V., Pagnotta, M.A. and Porceddu, E. (1996). Seed Science and Technology, ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. Pp. 289-295.
    33. Vidigal, D.D.S., Dias, D.C.F.D.S., Dias, L.A.D.S. and Finger, F.L. (2011). Changes in seed quality during fruit maturation of sweet pepper. Sci. Agric., 68: 535-539.
    34. Yisa, P. Z., Oladiran, J. A., Kolo, D. H., Ahmed, M., Tswanya, M.N. and Nda, S.L. (2013). Behaviour of pepper cultivar (Capsicum annum) to seed development, maturation, dormancy and vigour. Int. Res. J. Plant Sci., 4: 103-108. 
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