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Research Article

volume 53 issue 3 (june 2019) : 348-352,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-383

Evaluation response of photosynthesis of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Var. Bertoni) to potassium humate and photoperiod

S
Seyyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki
M
Morteza Goldani
A
Alireza Ghasemi Arian
1Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
Cite article:- Kakhki Fazeli Fazel Seyyed, Goldani Morteza, Arian Ghasemi Alireza (2019). Evaluation response of photosynthesis of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Var. Bertoni) to potassium humate and photoperiod. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(3): 348-352. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-383.

ABSTRACT

For studying the effect of photoperiod and potassium humate in the photosynthesis apparatus of the Stevia plant, an experiment was carried out in factorial arrangement base on completely randomized design with four replications in Mashhad/Iran during 2017. The experiment consisted of three lengths of the day (LD1= natural day, LD2 = 1.5 hours of light more than the natural length of day, and LD3 = 2.5 hours light more than natural day) and potassium humate fertilizer [KH1: zero with KH2: potassium humate (50%)]. The results showed that maximum of photosynthesis was found in KH2×LD2. The most of Ci, quantum yield Fv/Fm value was also found from spraying K-humate in LD2 treatment. The maximum amount of leaf dry weight and biomass was observed in KH2×LD2. The maximum biomasses were also gained in KH2×LD2.

REFERENCES

  1. Baker, N. and Rosenqvist, E. (2005). Review article: Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: An examination of future possibilities. J. Exp. Bot, 55:1607–621.
  2. Benlloch-González, M., Arquero, O., Fournier, J.M., Barranco, D., and Benlloch, M., (2008). K+ starvation inhibits water-stress-    induced stomatal closure. J. Plant. Physiol, 165: 623–630. 
  3. Canellas, L.P., Olivares, F.L., Aguiar, N.O., Jones, D.L., Nebbioso, A., Mazzei, P.,and Piccolo, A. (2015). Humic and fulvic acids as biostimulants in horticulture. Sci. Hort. 196: 15-27.
  4. David, P.P., Nelson, P.V., and Sanders, D.C. (1994). A humic acid improves growth of tomato seedling in solution culture. J. Plant. Nutr, 17 (1): 173-184.
  5. El-Bassiony, A.M.; Fawzy, Z. F., El-Samad, E.H, and, Riad, G.S. (2010). Growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) as affected by potassium fertilization. J. Am. Sci, 6 (12): 722-729.
  6. El-Bassiony, A.M., Fawzy, Z.F., Abd El-Baky, M.M.H., and Mahmoud, A.R. (2010). Response of snap bean plants to mineral fertilizers and humic acid application. Res. J. Agri. Biol. Sci, 6 (2): 169-175. 
  7. Gholamhoseini, M., Ebrahimian, E., Habibzadeh, F., Ataei1, R., and Dezfulizadeh, M.S. (2018). Interactions of shading conditions and irrigation regimes on photosynthetic traits and seed yield of soybean (Glycine max L.). Legume Research, 41(2): 230-238
  8. Hassanpanah, D. (2009). In vitro and in vivo screening of potato cultivars against water stress by polyethylene glycol and potassium humate. Biotech, 8(1): 132-137. 
  9. Kaur, G., and Sharma, M. 2018. Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Indian J. Agric. Res., 52(5): 566-570.
  10. Lotfi, R., Kalaji, H.M., Valizadeh, G.R., Khalilvand Behrozyar, E., Hemati, A., Gharvi-kochebagh, P and Ghassemi, A. (2018). Effects of humic acid on photosynthetic efficiency of rapeseed plants growing under different watering conditions. Photosynthetica, 56 (3): 962-970,
  11. Mady, M.A. (2009). Effect of foliar application with yeast extract and zinc on fruit setting of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). J. Biol. Chem. Environ. Sci,4 (2), 109-127.0
  12. Marschner, H. (1995). Functions of mineral nutrients: micronutrients. In: Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd Ed., Academic Press, London, pp. 313-404.
  13. Metivier, J., and Viana, A. M. (1979). Changes in levels of total soluble proteins and sugars during leaf ontogeny in Stevia rebaudiana. Annual. Bot, 45: 469-474.
  14. Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A., and Vianello, A. (2002). Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil. Biol. Biochem, 34: 1527-1536.
  15. Pearce, D. W., Millard, S., Bray, D. F., and Rood, S. B. (2006). Stomatal characteristics of riparian poplar species in a semi-arid environment. Tree. Physiol, 26: 211-218.
  16. Prakash, P., Dhanalakshmi, P.K., and Anusha, B. (2011). Effect of Humic Acid On Spirulina plantensis Production and Analysis of Nutrient Contents. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 3: 87-89
  17. Rady, M.M., Abd El-Mageed, T.A., Abdurrahman, H.A., and Mahdi, A.H. (2016). Humic acid application improves field performance of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) under saline condition. J. Anim. Plant. Sci, 26(2): 487-493
  18. Ramesh K., Virendra Singh., and Megeji, N.W. (2006). Cultivation of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana var. Bertoni). A comprehensive review. Adv. Agron, 89: 137-177.
  19. Rashwan, Basma, R.A., Reem, M., Abd-El Raouf, Nagwa, R., Ahmed, and Ferweez, H. (2016). Efficacy of K-Humate, compost and biofertilizer application as well as cutting number on yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana var. Bertoni) as natural sweetener. Assiut J. Agri. Sci, 48: 251-268.
  20. Russell, L., Stokes A.R., Macdonald H. et al. (2006). Stomatal responses to humic substances and auxin are sensitive to inhibitors of phospholipase A2. Plant Soil, 283: 175-185.
  21. Smillie, R.M., and Hetherington, S.E. (1983). Stress tolerance and stress induced injury in crop plants measured by chlorophyll 
  22. fluorescence in vivo. Plant. Physiol, 72:1043-1050.
  23. Soejarto, D. D., Compadre, C. M., Medon, P. J., Kamath, S. K., and Kinghorn, A. D. (1983). Potential sweetening agents of plant origin. II. Field search for sweet-tasting Stevia species. Econ. Bot, 37: 71–79.
  24. Wang, X.G., Zhao, X.H., Jiang, C.J., Wang, C. (2015). Effects of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis and photo protection mechanisms in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). J. Integ. Agri, 14(5): DOI:10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60848-0.
  25. Weng, X.Y., Zheng, C.J. Xu, H.X., Sun J.Y. (2007). Characteristics of photosynthesis and functions of the water-water cycle in rice (Oryza sativa) leaves in response to potassium deficiency. Physiol. Plant, 131: 614 – 621.
  26. Yan, C.J., Song, S.H., Wang, W.B., Miao, S.J. Cao, Y.Q., Wang, C.L., and Zhang, L.J. (2015). Impacts of fertilization on photosynthesis, growth and yield of two soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. Merr) in Northeast China. Legume Research, 38 (1): 77-84.
  27. Zanandrea, I., Bacarina, M.A., Schmitz, D.D., Bloace, E.J., Jose, B.M., and Peters, A. (2006). Chlorophyll fluore scence in vitro cultivated apple, R. Bras. Agrocieencia Pelotas, 12: 305-308.
  28. Zubenko, V. F., Rogovskii, S. V., and Chudnovskii, B. D. (1991). Stimulation of rooting of Stevia cuttings and growth of the transplants by phytohormones. Doklady Vsesoyuznoi Ordena Leninai Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni, 2: 16-18.
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 3 (june 2019) : 348-352,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-383

    Evaluation response of photosynthesis of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Var. Bertoni) to potassium humate and photoperiod

    S
    Seyyed Fazel Fazeli Kakhki
    M
    Morteza Goldani
    A
    Alireza Ghasemi Arian
    1Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran.
    Cite article:- Kakhki Fazeli Fazel Seyyed, Goldani Morteza, Arian Ghasemi Alireza (2019). Evaluation response of photosynthesis of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Var. Bertoni) to potassium humate and photoperiod. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(3): 348-352. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-383.

    ABSTRACT

    For studying the effect of photoperiod and potassium humate in the photosynthesis apparatus of the Stevia plant, an experiment was carried out in factorial arrangement base on completely randomized design with four replications in Mashhad/Iran during 2017. The experiment consisted of three lengths of the day (LD1= natural day, LD2 = 1.5 hours of light more than the natural length of day, and LD3 = 2.5 hours light more than natural day) and potassium humate fertilizer [KH1: zero with KH2: potassium humate (50%)]. The results showed that maximum of photosynthesis was found in KH2×LD2. The most of Ci, quantum yield Fv/Fm value was also found from spraying K-humate in LD2 treatment. The maximum amount of leaf dry weight and biomass was observed in KH2×LD2. The maximum biomasses were also gained in KH2×LD2.

    REFERENCES

    1. Baker, N. and Rosenqvist, E. (2005). Review article: Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: An examination of future possibilities. J. Exp. Bot, 55:1607–621.
    2. Benlloch-González, M., Arquero, O., Fournier, J.M., Barranco, D., and Benlloch, M., (2008). K+ starvation inhibits water-stress-    induced stomatal closure. J. Plant. Physiol, 165: 623–630. 
    3. Canellas, L.P., Olivares, F.L., Aguiar, N.O., Jones, D.L., Nebbioso, A., Mazzei, P.,and Piccolo, A. (2015). Humic and fulvic acids as biostimulants in horticulture. Sci. Hort. 196: 15-27.
    4. David, P.P., Nelson, P.V., and Sanders, D.C. (1994). A humic acid improves growth of tomato seedling in solution culture. J. Plant. Nutr, 17 (1): 173-184.
    5. El-Bassiony, A.M.; Fawzy, Z. F., El-Samad, E.H, and, Riad, G.S. (2010). Growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) as affected by potassium fertilization. J. Am. Sci, 6 (12): 722-729.
    6. El-Bassiony, A.M., Fawzy, Z.F., Abd El-Baky, M.M.H., and Mahmoud, A.R. (2010). Response of snap bean plants to mineral fertilizers and humic acid application. Res. J. Agri. Biol. Sci, 6 (2): 169-175. 
    7. Gholamhoseini, M., Ebrahimian, E., Habibzadeh, F., Ataei1, R., and Dezfulizadeh, M.S. (2018). Interactions of shading conditions and irrigation regimes on photosynthetic traits and seed yield of soybean (Glycine max L.). Legume Research, 41(2): 230-238
    8. Hassanpanah, D. (2009). In vitro and in vivo screening of potato cultivars against water stress by polyethylene glycol and potassium humate. Biotech, 8(1): 132-137. 
    9. Kaur, G., and Sharma, M. 2018. Effect of nitrogen doses and inter crops on growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica). Indian J. Agric. Res., 52(5): 566-570.
    10. Lotfi, R., Kalaji, H.M., Valizadeh, G.R., Khalilvand Behrozyar, E., Hemati, A., Gharvi-kochebagh, P and Ghassemi, A. (2018). Effects of humic acid on photosynthetic efficiency of rapeseed plants growing under different watering conditions. Photosynthetica, 56 (3): 962-970,
    11. Mady, M.A. (2009). Effect of foliar application with yeast extract and zinc on fruit setting of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). J. Biol. Chem. Environ. Sci,4 (2), 109-127.0
    12. Marschner, H. (1995). Functions of mineral nutrients: micronutrients. In: Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd Ed., Academic Press, London, pp. 313-404.
    13. Metivier, J., and Viana, A. M. (1979). Changes in levels of total soluble proteins and sugars during leaf ontogeny in Stevia rebaudiana. Annual. Bot, 45: 469-474.
    14. Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A., and Vianello, A. (2002). Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil. Biol. Biochem, 34: 1527-1536.
    15. Pearce, D. W., Millard, S., Bray, D. F., and Rood, S. B. (2006). Stomatal characteristics of riparian poplar species in a semi-arid environment. Tree. Physiol, 26: 211-218.
    16. Prakash, P., Dhanalakshmi, P.K., and Anusha, B. (2011). Effect of Humic Acid On Spirulina plantensis Production and Analysis of Nutrient Contents. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 3: 87-89
    17. Rady, M.M., Abd El-Mageed, T.A., Abdurrahman, H.A., and Mahdi, A.H. (2016). Humic acid application improves field performance of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) under saline condition. J. Anim. Plant. Sci, 26(2): 487-493
    18. Ramesh K., Virendra Singh., and Megeji, N.W. (2006). Cultivation of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana var. Bertoni). A comprehensive review. Adv. Agron, 89: 137-177.
    19. Rashwan, Basma, R.A., Reem, M., Abd-El Raouf, Nagwa, R., Ahmed, and Ferweez, H. (2016). Efficacy of K-Humate, compost and biofertilizer application as well as cutting number on yield and quality of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana var. Bertoni) as natural sweetener. Assiut J. Agri. Sci, 48: 251-268.
    20. Russell, L., Stokes A.R., Macdonald H. et al. (2006). Stomatal responses to humic substances and auxin are sensitive to inhibitors of phospholipase A2. Plant Soil, 283: 175-185.
    21. Smillie, R.M., and Hetherington, S.E. (1983). Stress tolerance and stress induced injury in crop plants measured by chlorophyll 
    22. fluorescence in vivo. Plant. Physiol, 72:1043-1050.
    23. Soejarto, D. D., Compadre, C. M., Medon, P. J., Kamath, S. K., and Kinghorn, A. D. (1983). Potential sweetening agents of plant origin. II. Field search for sweet-tasting Stevia species. Econ. Bot, 37: 71–79.
    24. Wang, X.G., Zhao, X.H., Jiang, C.J., Wang, C. (2015). Effects of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis and photo protection mechanisms in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). J. Integ. Agri, 14(5): DOI:10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60848-0.
    25. Weng, X.Y., Zheng, C.J. Xu, H.X., Sun J.Y. (2007). Characteristics of photosynthesis and functions of the water-water cycle in rice (Oryza sativa) leaves in response to potassium deficiency. Physiol. Plant, 131: 614 – 621.
    26. Yan, C.J., Song, S.H., Wang, W.B., Miao, S.J. Cao, Y.Q., Wang, C.L., and Zhang, L.J. (2015). Impacts of fertilization on photosynthesis, growth and yield of two soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. Merr) in Northeast China. Legume Research, 38 (1): 77-84.
    27. Zanandrea, I., Bacarina, M.A., Schmitz, D.D., Bloace, E.J., Jose, B.M., and Peters, A. (2006). Chlorophyll fluore scence in vitro cultivated apple, R. Bras. Agrocieencia Pelotas, 12: 305-308.
    28. Zubenko, V. F., Rogovskii, S. V., and Chudnovskii, B. D. (1991). Stimulation of rooting of Stevia cuttings and growth of the transplants by phytohormones. Doklady Vsesoyuznoi Ordena Leninai Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni, 2: 16-18.
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