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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 4 (august 2019) : 492-495,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-376

Charcoal and compost application induced changes in growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

J
Jamal Nasar
A
Ashfaq Alam
M
Muhammad Zubair Khan
B
Bilal Ahmed
1Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Cite article:- Nasar Jamal, Alam Ashfaq, Khan Zubair Muhammad, Ahmed Bilal (2019). Charcoal and compost application induced changes in growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(4): 492-495. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-376.

ABSTRACT

The utilization of organic fertilizers in farmlands to enhance crop productivity and soil health is increasing globally. Compost and charcoal obtained from the decomposition and slow pyrolysis (respectively) of plants and animals wastes. Here we evaluated the effect of charcoal and compost on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Agriculture Research Farm Peshawar, Pakistan during 2014-2015. Results showed that the application of compost and charcoal as sole or in combination significantly affected the yield and yield attributes of wheat. Data divulged that the maximum numbers of plant tillers (337 m-2), number of productive tillers per plant (313 m-2), number of grains per spike (56 spike-1) and 1000 seeds weight (50.2 g) were produced by the combined application of compost and charcoal at 5+5 Mg ha-1 while plant height (95.3 cm) was enhanced with the application of charcoal at 10 Mg ha-1. The gain (4106.7 kg ha-1) and biological yield (8473.3 kg ha-1) was significantly increased with the compost application at the rate of 10 Mg ha-1. These results proved that charcoal and compost can be used as organic fertilizers for boosting growth and yield performance of wheat under the agro-climatic conditions of Peshawar, Pakistan.

REFERENCES

  1. A.Y, K. A. a. J. ( 2005). Biosphere and the role of cereals. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Sciences. 76(1): 80-567.
  2. Akhtar, M. J., Asghar H., Asif M. and Zahir Z. (2007). Growth and yield of wheat as affected by compost enriched with chemical fertilizer, L-tryptophan and rhizobacteria. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 44(1): 136-140.
  3. Bly, A. G. and Woodard H. J. (2003). Foliar nitrogen application timing influence on grain yield and protein concentration of hard red winter and spring wheat. Agronomy Journal. 95(2): 335-338.
  4. Bremner, J. (1996). Nitrogen-total. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods(methodsofsoilan3): 1085-1121.
  5. Carter, S., Shackley S., Sohi S., Suy T.and Haefele S. (2013). The impact of biochar application on soil properties and plant growth of pot grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and cabbage (Brassica chinensis). Agronomy. 3(2): 404-418.
  6. Koehler, F., Moodie C.and McNeal B. (1984). Laboratory Manual for Soil Fertility, Washington State Uni. Pullman Washington.
  7. Lasaridi, K. and Stentiford E. (1999). Composting of source separated MSW: an approach to respirometric techniques and biodegradation kinetics. International Symposium on Composting of Organic Matter 549.
  8. Ling, F. and Silberbush M. (2002). Response of maize to foliar vs. soil application of nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium fertilizers. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 25(11): 2333-2342.
  9. Loecke, T. D., M. Liebman, Cambardella C. A. and Richard T. L. (2004). Corn response to composting and time of application of solid swine manure. Agronomy Journal. 96(1): 214-223.
  10. Nelson, D. W. and Sommers L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods(methodsofsoilan3): 961-1010.
  11. Otteson, B. N., Mergoum M. and Ransom J. K. (2007). Seeding rate and nitrogen management effects on spring wheat yield and yield components. Agronomy Journal. 99(6): 1615-1621.
  12. Qazilbash, A. (2002). Population growth and its impact on environment. Population & Environment Bulletin 2.
  13. Rhoades, J. (1996). Salinity: Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods    (methodsofsoilan3): 417-435.
  14. Rondon, M. A., Lehmann J., Ramírez J.and Hurtado M. (2007). Biological nitrogen fixation by common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) increases with bio-char additions. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 43(6): 699-708.
  15. Russel, D. (1989). MSTAT-C Statistical Package Program ver. 2.1. Michigan State University.
  16. Schulz, H., Dunst G. and Glaser B. (2013). Positive effects of composted biochar on plant growth and soil fertility. Agronomy for sustainable development. 33(4): 817-827.
  17. Siddiqui, M. H., Mohammad F., Khan M. N.and Khan M. M. A. (2008). Cumulative effect of soil and foliar application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur on growth, physico-biochemical parameters, yield attributes and fatty acid composition in oil of erucic acid-free rapeseed-mustard genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31(7): 1284-1298.
  18. Soltanpour, P. a. and Schwab A. (1977). A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro and micro nutrients in alkaline soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 8(3): 195-207.
  19. Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics, a Biometrical Approach, McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd.
  20. Woolfolk, C. W., Raun W. R., Johnson G. V., Thomason W. E., Mullen R. W., Wynn K. J. and Freeman K. W. (2002). Influence of late-season foliar nitrogen applications on yield and grain nitrogen in winter wheat. Agronomy Journal. 94(3): 429-434.
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 4 (august 2019) : 492-495,   Doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-376

    Charcoal and compost application induced changes in growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

    J
    Jamal Nasar
    A
    Ashfaq Alam
    M
    Muhammad Zubair Khan
    B
    Bilal Ahmed
    1Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
    Cite article:- Nasar Jamal, Alam Ashfaq, Khan Zubair Muhammad, Ahmed Bilal (2019). Charcoal and compost application induced changes in growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 53(4): 492-495. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-376.

    ABSTRACT

    The utilization of organic fertilizers in farmlands to enhance crop productivity and soil health is increasing globally. Compost and charcoal obtained from the decomposition and slow pyrolysis (respectively) of plants and animals wastes. Here we evaluated the effect of charcoal and compost on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Agriculture Research Farm Peshawar, Pakistan during 2014-2015. Results showed that the application of compost and charcoal as sole or in combination significantly affected the yield and yield attributes of wheat. Data divulged that the maximum numbers of plant tillers (337 m-2), number of productive tillers per plant (313 m-2), number of grains per spike (56 spike-1) and 1000 seeds weight (50.2 g) were produced by the combined application of compost and charcoal at 5+5 Mg ha-1 while plant height (95.3 cm) was enhanced with the application of charcoal at 10 Mg ha-1. The gain (4106.7 kg ha-1) and biological yield (8473.3 kg ha-1) was significantly increased with the compost application at the rate of 10 Mg ha-1. These results proved that charcoal and compost can be used as organic fertilizers for boosting growth and yield performance of wheat under the agro-climatic conditions of Peshawar, Pakistan.

    REFERENCES

    1. A.Y, K. A. a. J. ( 2005). Biosphere and the role of cereals. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Sciences. 76(1): 80-567.
    2. Akhtar, M. J., Asghar H., Asif M. and Zahir Z. (2007). Growth and yield of wheat as affected by compost enriched with chemical fertilizer, L-tryptophan and rhizobacteria. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 44(1): 136-140.
    3. Bly, A. G. and Woodard H. J. (2003). Foliar nitrogen application timing influence on grain yield and protein concentration of hard red winter and spring wheat. Agronomy Journal. 95(2): 335-338.
    4. Bremner, J. (1996). Nitrogen-total. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods(methodsofsoilan3): 1085-1121.
    5. Carter, S., Shackley S., Sohi S., Suy T.and Haefele S. (2013). The impact of biochar application on soil properties and plant growth of pot grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and cabbage (Brassica chinensis). Agronomy. 3(2): 404-418.
    6. Koehler, F., Moodie C.and McNeal B. (1984). Laboratory Manual for Soil Fertility, Washington State Uni. Pullman Washington.
    7. Lasaridi, K. and Stentiford E. (1999). Composting of source separated MSW: an approach to respirometric techniques and biodegradation kinetics. International Symposium on Composting of Organic Matter 549.
    8. Ling, F. and Silberbush M. (2002). Response of maize to foliar vs. soil application of nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium fertilizers. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 25(11): 2333-2342.
    9. Loecke, T. D., M. Liebman, Cambardella C. A. and Richard T. L. (2004). Corn response to composting and time of application of solid swine manure. Agronomy Journal. 96(1): 214-223.
    10. Nelson, D. W. and Sommers L. E. (1996). Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods(methodsofsoilan3): 961-1010.
    11. Otteson, B. N., Mergoum M. and Ransom J. K. (2007). Seeding rate and nitrogen management effects on spring wheat yield and yield components. Agronomy Journal. 99(6): 1615-1621.
    12. Qazilbash, A. (2002). Population growth and its impact on environment. Population & Environment Bulletin 2.
    13. Rhoades, J. (1996). Salinity: Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3-Chemical Methods    (methodsofsoilan3): 417-435.
    14. Rondon, M. A., Lehmann J., Ramírez J.and Hurtado M. (2007). Biological nitrogen fixation by common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) increases with bio-char additions. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 43(6): 699-708.
    15. Russel, D. (1989). MSTAT-C Statistical Package Program ver. 2.1. Michigan State University.
    16. Schulz, H., Dunst G. and Glaser B. (2013). Positive effects of composted biochar on plant growth and soil fertility. Agronomy for sustainable development. 33(4): 817-827.
    17. Siddiqui, M. H., Mohammad F., Khan M. N.and Khan M. M. A. (2008). Cumulative effect of soil and foliar application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur on growth, physico-biochemical parameters, yield attributes and fatty acid composition in oil of erucic acid-free rapeseed-mustard genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31(7): 1284-1298.
    18. Soltanpour, P. a. and Schwab A. (1977). A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro and micro nutrients in alkaline soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 8(3): 195-207.
    19. Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics, a Biometrical Approach, McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd.
    20. Woolfolk, C. W., Raun W. R., Johnson G. V., Thomason W. E., Mullen R. W., Wynn K. J. and Freeman K. W. (2002). Influence of late-season foliar nitrogen applications on yield and grain nitrogen in winter wheat. Agronomy Journal. 94(3): 429-434.
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