Indian Journal of Agricultural Research

  • Chief EditorV. Geethalakshmi

  • Print ISSN 0367-8245

  • Online ISSN 0976-058X

  • NAAS Rating 5.60

  • SJR 0.293

Frequency :
Bi-monthly (February, April, June, August, October and December)
Indexing Services :
BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Elsevier (Scopus and Embase), AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Research Article

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 50 issue 2 (april 2016) : 183-192

Evaluation of morphological and anatomical characters for discrimination and verification of some Medicago sativa (L.) Cultivars

Mohamed M. Moawed*
1<p>Department of Botany, Faculty of Science,&nbsp;Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.</p>
Cite article:- Moawed* M. Mohamed (2016). Evaluation of morphological and anatomical characters for discriminationand verification of some Medicago sativa (L.) Cultivars . Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 50(2): 183-192. doi: 10.18805/ijare.v50i2.9590.

ABSTRACT

Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa) is one of the most important legume forages in the world. The objective of this study was to characterize and discriminate among 15 alfalfa cultivars with a different geographical origin. Macro-morphological and anatomical characters as well as seed coat sculpture were investigated. Twenty five morphological  characters were extracted directly from the fresh specimens. Transverse section in the main stem were carried out; stained and seventeen anatomical characters were examined by light microscope. Seed coat surface was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Data obtained were coded and analysed using NTsys-Pc software (Version 2.02) and the resulted dendrogram is discussed. The results showed morphological and anatomical variation between the studied taxa. Vascular bundles ranged from 16 to 23. The Egyptian cultivar Nubaria has the lowest number of vessels (16) while the American Super supreme has the larger number (23). The seed coat ornamentation revealed five main surface patterns and suggests the presence of variations in anticlinal boundaries and periclinal walls that provide stable diagnostic characters for morphologically closely related taxa. The dendrogram showed that the Egyptian cultivar Nubaria was the most distant and clustered separately from all the other alfalfa cultivars which were grouped into two main clusters. Seed coat morphology and combination of other plant morphological and anatomical characters permitted identification and discrimination between the examined cultivars. Results obtained in this work could be considered for further breeding strategies and studies.

REFERENCES


  1. Abbasi, M.R., Javadi, F., Ghanavati, F., Hemmati, F., Moghadam, A. and Seraj, H.G. (2003). Identification, regeneration and evaluation of agro morphological characters of alfalfa accessions in national plant gene bank. Genetica, 38: 251-258.

  2. Abbasi, M.R., Vaezi, S. and Hemati, F. (2007). Identification of two types of Iranian alfalfa gene pool based on agro-    morphological traits. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10: 3314 - 332.

  3. Al-Faifi, A., Migdadi, H.M., Al-doss, A., Ammar, M.H., El-Harty, E.H., Khan, M.A., Muhammad, J.M. and Alghamdi, S.S. (2013). Morphological and molecular genetic variability analyses of Saudi Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) landraces. Crop & Pasture Sci., 64: 137 – 146.

  4. Bahar, M., Ghobadi, S., Moghaddam, V.E., Yamchi, A., Bedaf, M.T., Kaboli, M. and Mokhtarzadeh, A. (2006). Evaluating genetic diversity of Iranian alfalfa local populations using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) microsatellites, JWSS - Isfahan University of Technology, 10: 141 – 154.

  5. Barthlott, W. (1981). Epidermal seed surface characters of plants systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects. Nord. J. Bot., 1: 345 - 355.

  6. Basafa, M. and Taherian, M. (2009). A study of agronomic and morphological variations in certain alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes of the cold region of Iran. Asian J. Plant Sci., 8: 293- 300. 

  7. Buxton, D.R. and Redfearn, D.D. (1997). Plant limitations to fibre digestion and utilization. J. Nutr., 127: 814–818.

  8. Cook, B.G., Pengelly, B.C., Brown, S.D., Donnelly, J.L., Eagles, D.A., Franco, M.A., Hanson, J., Mullen, B.F., Partridge, I.J., Peters, M. and Schultze-Kraft, R. (2005). Tropical forages. CSIRO, DPI& F (Qld), CIAT and ILRI. Brisbane, Australia.

  9. Dehghan-Shoar, M., Hampton, J.G. and Hill, M.J. (2005). Identification and discriminating among Lucerne cultivars using plant morphological characters. New Zeal J. Agric. Res., 48: 271-276.

  10. Fayed, A.A. and Hassan, N. (2007). Systematic significance of the seed morphology and seed coat sculpture of the genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Egypt. FL Medit, 17: 47 – 64.

  11. Gabr, D.G. (2014). Seed morphology and seed coat anatomy of some species of Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. Ann. Agric. Sci., 59: 229 - 238.

  12. Guines, F., Julier, B., Ecalle, C. and Huyghe, C. (2003). Among and within cultivar variability for histological traits of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) stem. Euphytica, 130: 293–301

  13. Heneidak, S. and Abdel-Khalik, K. (2015). Seed coat diversity in some tribes of Cucurbitaceae: implications for taxonomy and species identification. Acta Bot. Bras., 29: 129-142.

  14. Husain, S.Z., Aziz, k., Syeda, S.T. and Jahan, N. (1994). Micro-morphological studies of seven species of the genus Medicago L. (Fabacea) from Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot., 26: 409-419. 

  15. Jewett, J.G. and Barnes, D.K. (1994). Inheritance and potential utility of alfalfa stem anatomy traits; In: Report of the Thirty fourth North American alfalfa Improvement Conference (NAAIC), University of Guelph, Ontario (Canada), 10 - 14 July, p134.

  16. Lehman, W.F., Marbie, V.I. and Niclson, M.W. (1992). Registration of UC179, UC196, UC226, UC276 and UC296 very non dormant alfalfa germplasm with varying levels of resistance to diseases and or insects. Crop Sci., 32: 285.

  17. Loumerem, M., Ferchichi, A., Haddad, M., Rahim, M.A.A. and Hajjaji, H. (2007). Collection and evaluation of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) germplasm from oases of Tunisia. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol., 54: 1645 - 1651.

  18. Karam, M.F. (1997). Scanning electron microscope studies of seed characters in Trifolium L. (Fabaceae). Phytomorphology, 47: 51- 58.

  19. Krstic, L., Merkulov, L.j., Lukovic, J. and Boza, P. (2008). Histological components of Trifolium L species related to digestive quality of forage. Euphytica, 160: 277-286.

  20. Metcalfe, C.R. and Chalk, L. (1957). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons (Leaves, stem and wood in relation to taxonomy with notes on economic uses), Vol. 1, pp. 79-87. Oxford University Press, Amen House, London.

  21. RadoviC, J., SokoloviC, D., LugiC, Z., AndelkoviC, S. and ŠtrbanoviC, R. (2009). Genetic diversity within and among alfalfa varieties for some traits. Proceedings of 28th EUCARPIA Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses Section Meeting, 11-14. May, La Roshelle, France, 83-85.

  22. Rohlf, F.J. (2000). NTsys-pc, numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, Exeter software: New York.

  23. Rumbaugh,. (1991). Plant introductions: the foundation of North American forage legume cultivar development. Use of plant introductions in cultivar development. CSSA Special publication, 17: 103 - 114.

  24. Smith, S., Al-Doss, A. and Warburton, M. (1991). Morphological and agronomic variation in North African and Arabian alfalfa. Crop Sci., 31: 1159-1163.

  25. Salimpour, F., Mostafavi, G. and Sharifnia, F. (2007). Micromorphologic study of the seed of the genus Trifolium, section Lotoidea, in Iran. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 10 : 378-382.

  26. Sokal, R.R. and Michener, C.D. (1958). A statistical method for evaluating systematic relationships. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 28: 1409-1438.

  27. Tucak, M., Popoviæ, S., Grljušic, S., Cupic, T., Kozumplik, V. and Šimic, B. (2008). Variability and relationships of important alfalfa germplasm agronomic traits. Period Biol., 110: 311 – 315.

  28. Teuber, L.R. and Brick, M.A. (1988). Morphology and anatomy. In: Hanson AA, Barnes DK, Hill RR ed. Alfalfa and alfalfa improvement, Madison, WI, USA. American Society of Agronomy, Pp. 125 -161.

  29. Touil, L., Guesmi, F., Fares, K., Zgrouba, C. and Ferchichi, A. (2008). Genetic diversity of some Mediterranean population of the cultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) using SSR markers. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 11: 1923 - 1928.

  30. UPOV. (1988). Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, homogeneity and stability of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, Geneva Switzerland. 

  31. UPOV. (2005). Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability international union for the protection of new varieties of plants. (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants: Geneva).

  32. Zoric, L., Merkulov, L.j., Lukovic, J. and Boza, P. (2012). Comparative analysis of qualitative anatomical characters of Trifolium L. (Fabaceae) and their taxonomic implications: preliminary results. Plant Syst. Evol., 298: 205–219.

  33. Zoric, L., Miki, A., Cupina, B., Lukovic, J., Krstic, D. and Antanasovic, S. (2014). Digestibility- related histological attributes of vegetative organs of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) cultivars. Zemdirbyste J., 10: 257 264.

     
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)