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Full Research Article

volume 37 issue 4 (december 2022) : 391-394,   Doi: 10.18805/BKAP547

Effect of Organic Sources of Nitrogen on Soil Fertility of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

J
Jinendra Birla
B
B.M. Patel
1Department of Agriculture, Medi-Caps University, Pigdamber, Rau-453 331, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

  • Submitted02-06-2022|

  • Accepted09-09-2022|

  • First Online 20-09-2022|

  • doi 10.18805/BKAP547

Cite article:- Birla Jinendra, Patel B.M. (2022). Effect of Organic Sources of Nitrogen on Soil Fertility of Cowpea[Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika. 37(4): 391-394. doi: 10.18805/BKAP547.

ABSTRACT

Background: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is most widely grown pulse-cum-vegetable crop. It plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility. Besides, nitrogen which is fixed in the soil from the atmosphere by the crop specific Rhizobium found in root nodules of this crop, phosphorus is another important element which inter-alia enhances the nitrogen fixation capability of the crop. In addition to biologically fixed nitrogen, crop also requires nitrogen through fertilization to meet its initial requirement (Mishra and Baboo, 1999).
Methods: A field experiment was on conducted during kharif season of the year 2015 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar Gujarat. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and 10 treatments comprising of integration of different organic sources.
Result: Our investigation in the significant improvement in N content in seed and N uptake by cowpea were noted with the application of 50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost + PSB (T8), whereas, higher N content in stover and P content in seed were recorded under treatment T9 (50% N through castor cake + 50% N through vermicompost + PSB) and T10: RDF (20+40+00 kg ha-1 NPK through Fertilizer), respectively. Treatment T10 contributed to raise potassium content in seed, uptake of P and K by cowpea and available NPK in soil after harvest of crop.

REFERENCES


  1. Abbona, E.A., Sarandón, S.J., Marasas, M.E., Astier, M. (2007). Ecological sustainability evaluation of traditional management in different vineyard systems in Berisso, Argentina. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 119: 335-345.

  2. Alaru, M., Talgre, A., Eremeev, V., Tein, B., Luik, A., Nemvalts, A., Loit, E. (2014). Crop yield and supply of nitrogen compared in conventional and organic farming systems. Agricultural and Food Science. 23: 317-326.

  3. Bapi, D., Wagh, A.P., Dod, V.N., Nagre, P.K. and Bawkar, S.O. (2011). Effect of integrated nutrient management on cowpea. The Asian Journal of Horticultur. 6(2): 402-405.

  4. Blair, N., Faulkner, R.D., Till, A.R., Poulton, P.R. (2006). Long-term management impacts on soil C, N and physical fertility. Soil and Tillage Research. 91: 30-38. 

  5. Bottinelli, N., Angers, D.A., Hallaire, V., Michot, D., Le Guillou, C., Cluzeau, D., Heddadj, D., Menasseri-Aubry, S. (2017). Tillage and fertilization practices affect soil aggregate stability in a humic cambisol of northwest France. Soil and Tillage Research. 170: 14-17.

  6. Brunori, E., Farina, R., Biasi, R. (2016). Sustainable viticulture: The carbon-sink function of the vineyard agro-ecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 223: 10-21.  

  7. Cai, A., Xu, M., Wang, B., Zhang, W., Liang, G., Hou, E., Luo, Y. (2019). Manure acts as a better fertilizer for increasing crop yields than synthetic fertilizer does by improving soil fertility. Soil and Tillage Research. 189: 168-175. 

  8. Chiriacò, M.V., Belli, C., Chiti, T., Trotta, C., Sabbatini, S. (2019). The potential carbon neutrality of sustainable viticulture showed through a comprehensive assessment of the greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of wine production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 225: 435-450.

  9. Dekhane, S.S., Khafi, H.R., Raj, A.D. and Parmar, R.M. (2011). Effect of bio-fertilizer and fertility levels on yield, protein content and nutrient uptake of cowpea [Vigna  unguiculata (L.) Walp.] . Legume Research. 34(1): 51-54.

  10. Jackson. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp. 183-192.

  11. Jannoura, R., Joergensen, R.G., Bruns, C. (2014). Organic fertilizer effects on growth, crop yield and soil microbial biomass indices in sole and intercropped peas and oats under organic farming conditions. European Journal of Agronomy. 52: 259-270.

  12. Khan, V.M., Manohar, K.S., Kumawat, S.K. and Verma, H.P. (2013). Effect of vermicompost and bio-fertilizers on yield and soil nutrient status after harvest of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Agriculture for Sustainable Development. 1(1): 79-81.

  13. Khandelwal, R., Choudhary, S.K., Khangarot, S.S., Jat, M.K. and Singh, P. (2012). Effect of inorganic and bio-fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Legume Research. 35(3): 235-238.

  14. Mäder, P., Fliebbach, A., Dubois, D., Gunst, L., Fried, P., Niggli, U. (2002). Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science. 296: 1694-1697.  

  15. Mishra, S.K. and Baboo, R. (1999). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and seed inoculation with rhizobium culture on cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Indian Journal of Agronomy.  44(2): 373-376.

  16. Parham, J.A., Deng, S.P., Raun, W.R., Johnson, G.V. (2002). Long-term cattle manure application in soil. I. Effect on soil phosphorus levels, microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 35: 328-337.

  17. Patra, P.S., Sinha, A.C. and Mahesh, S.S. (2011). Yield, nutrient uptake and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) kernels as affected by organic sources of nutrient. Indian Journal of Agronomy. 56(3): 237-241.

  18. Puig-Montserrat, X., Stefanescu, C., Torre, I., Palet, J., Fàbregas, E., Dantart, J., Arrizabalaga, A., Flaquer, C. (2017). Effects of organic and conventional crop management on vineyard biodiversity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 243: 19-26. 

  19. Seufert, V.M., Ramankutty, N., Foley, J.A. (2012). Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture. Nature. 485: 229-232. 

  20. Sharma, S., Jat, N.L., Puniya, M.M., Shivran and Choudhary, S. (2014). Fertility levels and bio-fertilizers on nutrient concentration, uptake and quality of groundnut. Annals of Agricultural Research. New Series. 35(1): 71-74.

  21. Wagadre, N., Patel, M.V. and Patel, H.K. (2010). Response of summer greengram [Vigna radiate (L.)] to vermicompost and phosphorus with and without PSB inoculation. State level Seminar on Organic Farming. Navsari, Gujarat. pp. 111-114. 

  22. Wang, W., Niu, J., Zhou, X., Wang, Y. (2011). Long-term change in land management from subtropical wetland to paddy field shifts soil microbial community structure as determined by PLFA and T-RFLP. Polish Journal of Ecology. 59: 37-44.
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    Full Research Article

    volume 37 issue 4 (december 2022) : 391-394,   Doi: 10.18805/BKAP547

    Effect of Organic Sources of Nitrogen on Soil Fertility of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

    J
    Jinendra Birla
    B
    B.M. Patel
    1Department of Agriculture, Medi-Caps University, Pigdamber, Rau-453 331, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.

    • Submitted02-06-2022|

    • Accepted09-09-2022|

    • First Online 20-09-2022|

    • doi 10.18805/BKAP547

    Cite article:- Birla Jinendra, Patel B.M. (2022). Effect of Organic Sources of Nitrogen on Soil Fertility of Cowpea[Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika. 37(4): 391-394. doi: 10.18805/BKAP547.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is most widely grown pulse-cum-vegetable crop. It plays an important role in maintaining soil fertility. Besides, nitrogen which is fixed in the soil from the atmosphere by the crop specific Rhizobium found in root nodules of this crop, phosphorus is another important element which inter-alia enhances the nitrogen fixation capability of the crop. In addition to biologically fixed nitrogen, crop also requires nitrogen through fertilization to meet its initial requirement (Mishra and Baboo, 1999).
    Methods: A field experiment was on conducted during kharif season of the year 2015 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, C.P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar Gujarat. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and 10 treatments comprising of integration of different organic sources.
    Result: Our investigation in the significant improvement in N content in seed and N uptake by cowpea were noted with the application of 50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost + PSB (T8), whereas, higher N content in stover and P content in seed were recorded under treatment T9 (50% N through castor cake + 50% N through vermicompost + PSB) and T10: RDF (20+40+00 kg ha-1 NPK through Fertilizer), respectively. Treatment T10 contributed to raise potassium content in seed, uptake of P and K by cowpea and available NPK in soil after harvest of crop.

    REFERENCES


    1. Abbona, E.A., Sarandón, S.J., Marasas, M.E., Astier, M. (2007). Ecological sustainability evaluation of traditional management in different vineyard systems in Berisso, Argentina. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 119: 335-345.

    2. Alaru, M., Talgre, A., Eremeev, V., Tein, B., Luik, A., Nemvalts, A., Loit, E. (2014). Crop yield and supply of nitrogen compared in conventional and organic farming systems. Agricultural and Food Science. 23: 317-326.

    3. Bapi, D., Wagh, A.P., Dod, V.N., Nagre, P.K. and Bawkar, S.O. (2011). Effect of integrated nutrient management on cowpea. The Asian Journal of Horticultur. 6(2): 402-405.

    4. Blair, N., Faulkner, R.D., Till, A.R., Poulton, P.R. (2006). Long-term management impacts on soil C, N and physical fertility. Soil and Tillage Research. 91: 30-38. 

    5. Bottinelli, N., Angers, D.A., Hallaire, V., Michot, D., Le Guillou, C., Cluzeau, D., Heddadj, D., Menasseri-Aubry, S. (2017). Tillage and fertilization practices affect soil aggregate stability in a humic cambisol of northwest France. Soil and Tillage Research. 170: 14-17.

    6. Brunori, E., Farina, R., Biasi, R. (2016). Sustainable viticulture: The carbon-sink function of the vineyard agro-ecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 223: 10-21.  

    7. Cai, A., Xu, M., Wang, B., Zhang, W., Liang, G., Hou, E., Luo, Y. (2019). Manure acts as a better fertilizer for increasing crop yields than synthetic fertilizer does by improving soil fertility. Soil and Tillage Research. 189: 168-175. 

    8. Chiriacò, M.V., Belli, C., Chiti, T., Trotta, C., Sabbatini, S. (2019). The potential carbon neutrality of sustainable viticulture showed through a comprehensive assessment of the greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of wine production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 225: 435-450.

    9. Dekhane, S.S., Khafi, H.R., Raj, A.D. and Parmar, R.M. (2011). Effect of bio-fertilizer and fertility levels on yield, protein content and nutrient uptake of cowpea [Vigna  unguiculata (L.) Walp.] . Legume Research. 34(1): 51-54.

    10. Jackson. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp. 183-192.

    11. Jannoura, R., Joergensen, R.G., Bruns, C. (2014). Organic fertilizer effects on growth, crop yield and soil microbial biomass indices in sole and intercropped peas and oats under organic farming conditions. European Journal of Agronomy. 52: 259-270.

    12. Khan, V.M., Manohar, K.S., Kumawat, S.K. and Verma, H.P. (2013). Effect of vermicompost and bio-fertilizers on yield and soil nutrient status after harvest of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Agriculture for Sustainable Development. 1(1): 79-81.

    13. Khandelwal, R., Choudhary, S.K., Khangarot, S.S., Jat, M.K. and Singh, P. (2012). Effect of inorganic and bio-fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Legume Research. 35(3): 235-238.

    14. Mäder, P., Fliebbach, A., Dubois, D., Gunst, L., Fried, P., Niggli, U. (2002). Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science. 296: 1694-1697.  

    15. Mishra, S.K. and Baboo, R. (1999). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and seed inoculation with rhizobium culture on cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Indian Journal of Agronomy.  44(2): 373-376.

    16. Parham, J.A., Deng, S.P., Raun, W.R., Johnson, G.V. (2002). Long-term cattle manure application in soil. I. Effect on soil phosphorus levels, microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase and phosphatase activity. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 35: 328-337.

    17. Patra, P.S., Sinha, A.C. and Mahesh, S.S. (2011). Yield, nutrient uptake and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) kernels as affected by organic sources of nutrient. Indian Journal of Agronomy. 56(3): 237-241.

    18. Puig-Montserrat, X., Stefanescu, C., Torre, I., Palet, J., Fàbregas, E., Dantart, J., Arrizabalaga, A., Flaquer, C. (2017). Effects of organic and conventional crop management on vineyard biodiversity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 243: 19-26. 

    19. Seufert, V.M., Ramankutty, N., Foley, J.A. (2012). Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture. Nature. 485: 229-232. 

    20. Sharma, S., Jat, N.L., Puniya, M.M., Shivran and Choudhary, S. (2014). Fertility levels and bio-fertilizers on nutrient concentration, uptake and quality of groundnut. Annals of Agricultural Research. New Series. 35(1): 71-74.

    21. Wagadre, N., Patel, M.V. and Patel, H.K. (2010). Response of summer greengram [Vigna radiate (L.)] to vermicompost and phosphorus with and without PSB inoculation. State level Seminar on Organic Farming. Navsari, Gujarat. pp. 111-114. 

    22. Wang, W., Niu, J., Zhou, X., Wang, Y. (2011). Long-term change in land management from subtropical wetland to paddy field shifts soil microbial community structure as determined by PLFA and T-RFLP. Polish Journal of Ecology. 59: 37-44.
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