Plant height
Data presented in Table 1 revealed that there was significant different among the genotypes for plant height. Among the genotypes, Seujia Bengena (65.13 cm) exhibited the highest plant height which was at par with Khoruah-1 (64.53 cm), Kuchia (64.40 cm) and Brinjal-3 (63.00 cm). Green Round (30.33 cm) recorded the shortest plant height which was statistically at par with Gulabi (32.67 cm). These results are consonance with the findings of
Pujer et al., 2017 and they observed highest plant height of 82.00 cm to lowest by 40.40 cm.
Plant spread
Plant spreads of genotypes were presented in Table 1. Among the genotypes, Seujia Bengena (77.63 cm) recorded the highest plant spread which was at par with Khoruah-1 (76.23 cm), Brinjal-3 (75.60 cm), Brinjal-2 (75.43 cm), Long Khoruah (74.33 cm) and Brinjal-4 (73.87 cm). Green Round (42.13 cm) recorded the lowest plant spread which was statistically at par with Brinjal (45.00 cm). The present results are also in line with the findings of
Uddin et al., 2014.
Number of primary branches
The mean values of number of primary branches per plant were presented in Table 1. The genotype Seujia Bengena (7.24) recorded highest number of primary branches per plant which was statistically at par with Koni Bengena (7.22), Khoruah-1 (7.20), Brinjal-3 (7.15), Brinjal-9 (6.91), Brinjal-4 (6.61), Brinjal-10 (6.44), Brinjal-6 (6.19) and Long Khoruah (6.07), respectively. The lowest number of primary branches per plant was recorded for Green Round (2.94) which was at par with Brinjal-5 (3.15), Brinjal (3.29), Longai (3.38), JC-1 (3.44) and Bor Bengena (3.47). Similar range of primary branches per plant has also been reported by
Ahmed et al., 2014 and
Sanas et al., 2014. This character ultimately results yield. More the branches more will be the number of flower and ultimately more will be the fruit yield per plant. These results were in confirmation with the findings of
Singh (2013);
Kumar et al., 2011 and
Mohanty (2001).
Leaf blade length
The mean value for leaf blade length was presented in Table 1. For the genotypes, the mean value ranged from 21.57 cm (Seujia Bengena) to 12.70 cm (Koni Bengena).
Leaf blade width
Among the entries, the highest leaf blade width was exhibited by Bor Bengena (14.23 cm) and the lowest was observed in the genotype Brinjal-4 (7.53 cm).
Leaf prickles
The mean value of number of leaf prickles was presented in Table1. Among the genotypes, Sagolishingia (31.21) recorded the highest number of leaf prickles whereas, the genotype Brinjal (1.33) recorded the lowest number of leaf prickles which was statistically at par with Longai (2.11), Gulabi (2.67), Green Round (4.33), Brinjal-5 (4.67), PPL (5.20), Kuchia (7.00), JC-1 (7.08), Khoruah-2 (7.33), Brinjal-8 (7.67), Green Long (7.67) and Brinjal Long (7.67), respectively.
Days to first flowering
The mean performance of brinjal genotypes for days to first flowering revealed significant variation among the genotypes. Brinjal-3 recorded the lowest estimate for days to first flowering (58.27) which was at par with Khoruah-1 (58.37), Seujia Bengena (58.67), Koni Bengena (58.97), Kuchia (59.27), Brinjal-2 (59.60), Brinjal-8 (59.77), Brinjal-9 (59.90), Brinjal-10 (59.97), Brinjal-4 (60.50), Kajala (60.67), Brinjal-6 (60.73), PPL (60.90), Boga Bengena (61.30), Brinjal (61.43), Brinjal-1 (61.70), Longai (62.30), Khoruah-2 (62.53) and Brinjal Long (63.23), respectively. A maximum day taken for first flowering was observed for HRS-4 (73.33).
Days to 50% flowering
Data on days taken to 50% flowering presented in Table 1 revealed significant difference among the genotypes. The shortest duration of (68.33) days for 50 per cent flowering was exhibited by Brinjal-3 and Khoruah-1. The longest duration (83.33) day for 50% flowering was exhibited by HRS-4.
Fruit pedicel length
As revealed from the data presented in Table 2, there was significant difference among the genotypes in respect of fruit pedicel length. Among the entries, highest fruit pedicel length of 7.37 cm was recorded for the genotype JC-1 and lowest fruit pedicel length of 3.67 cm was exhibited by Longai.
Fruit length
The genotypes showed significant difference on fruit length. It was evident from the data that JC-1 exhibited the highest fruit length (25.73 cm) which was followed by PPL (22.70 cm), Brinjal-5 (21.27) and Bor Bengena (21.23 cm). Green Round (7.33 cm) recorded the lowest fruit length which was at par with Brinjal-3 (7.47 cm), Brinjal-4 (7.67 cm) and Boga Bengena (7.77 cm), respectively.
Fruit circumference
Among the entries, the mean fruit circumference ranged from 18.32 cm (Khoruah-1) to 5.03 cm (Sagolishingia).
Fruit number per plant
The highest number of fruits per plant (88.93) was recorded in Brinjal-3 which was statistically at par with Kuchia (86.92), Brinjal-6 (83.40), Seujia Bengena (81.36), Brinjal-1 (75.67), Brinjal-8 (72.33), Koni Bengena (70.77), Long Khoruah (70.33), Sagolishingia (68.25), Khoruah-1 (68.10), Boga Bengena (63.38), Brinjal-2 (60.52), Brinjal-4 (59.52) and Brinjal-9 (53.26), respectively. The lowest fruit per plant (3.85) was recorded for Bor Bengena and PPL.
Fruit weight
The mean values for fruit weight of genotypes were presented in Table 2. Among the thirty entries fruit weight varied from 138.66g (Bor Bengena) to 18.28g (Koni Bengena).
Fruit yield per plant
Among the genotypes, Kuchia (4.93 kg) recorded the highest fruit yield per plant which was at par with Brinjal-6 (4.34 kg), Brinjal-3 (4.19 kg), Brinjal-8 (4.13 kg), Khoruah-1 (3.94 kg), Brinjal-10 (2.87 kg) and Brinjal-4 (2.86 kg), respectively. Lowest fruit yield per plant was recorded for the genotype Green Round (0.18 kg).
Gogoi et al., (2018) evaluated five hybrid brinjal varieties
viz., Ketan, Vijay Kiron, Utkal Green, NV-2035, Sarpan Bharata and two local cultivars
viz., JC-1, Longai at Horticultural Research Station, Kahikuchi, Guwahati as late
rabi crop during 2014-16. They observed significant variation in plant growth parameters and fruit yield as Utkal Green recorded the highest per plant fruit yield (2.32 kg/plant) leading to the maximum total marketable yield (469.66 q/ha) and longer active fruiting duration (43.70 days).
Fruit yield per hectare
Fruit yield per hectare revealed significant difference among the genotypes as presented in Table 2. The highest fruit yield per hectare was recorded for Kuchia (82.99 t/ha) which was statistically at par with Brinjal-3 (80.26 t/ha), Khoruah-1 (79.81 t/ha), Brinjal-6 (68.52 t/ha), Brinjal-8 (64.44 t/ha), Brinjal-4 (55.18 t/ha), Seujia Bengena (54.67 t/ha), Brinjal-1 (52.22 t/ha) and Brinjal-10 (51.70 t/ha), respectively. The lowest fruit yield per hectare was recorded for the genotype Green round (40.00 t/ha).
Moisture content
Moisture content of genotypes showed significant difference among them as presented in Table 3. The highest mean value for moisture content was exhibited by Longai (93.38%) which was at par with Bor Bengena (93.19%), Brinjal-7 (93.05%), JC-1 (92.83%), Seujia Bengena (92.65%), Khoruah-1 (92.56%), PPL (92.55%), HRS-4 (92.43%), Kajala (92.18%) and Brinjal-4 (91.91%), respectively. The lowest moisture content was recorded in Sagolishingia (88.43%).
Crude fiber content
Data on crude fiber content (Table 3) revealed significant variations among the entries. Brinjal-1 exhibited maximum crude fiber content (2.95%) which was at par with Green Round (2.94%), Green Long (2.85%), Brinjal Long (2.64%), Brinjal-9 (2.62%), Brinjal-8 (2.58%) and Khoruah-3 (2.51%), respectively. Minimum crude fibre content was recorded in Khoruah-1 (1.12%).
Crude protein content
The mean value of crude protein content for the genotypes was presented in Table 3. Khoruah-1 (1.82%) recorded the highest estimate for crude protein content which was statistically at par with Brinjal Long (1.74%) and Brinjal-10 (1.79%). Minimum crude protein content was exhibited by Khoruah-3 (0.89%) which was at par with Green Round (0.95%), Brinjal-1 (0.95%), Brinjal (0.97%), Sagolishingia (0.98%), Boga Bengena (1.00%), Long Khoruah (1.04%) and Khoruah-2 (1.05%). A similar result was reported by
Jayalakshmi and Praneetha (2018) with protein content 12.48 mg/100g to 9.32 mg/100g.
Ascorbic acid
The mean value of ascorbic acid content of genotypes was presented in Table 3. The highest ascorbic acid content was found in genotype Seujia Bengena (12.30 mg/100g) which was statistically at par with Bor Bengena (12.18 mg/100g). The lowest ascorbic acid content was recorded for Khoruah-2 (9.09 mg/100g). Similar type of findings was reported by Jayalakshmi and Praneetha (2018) with 12.13 mg/100g to 7.27 mg/100g of ascorbic acid content. These results was also in consonance with the findings of earlier workers
Pujer et al., 2017 recorded highest ascorbic acid content of (18.50 mg/100g) in genotype CBB-49 and CBB-50 and the lowest (4.00 mg/100g) by genotype A 10. Presence of ascorbic acid and phenolics in brinjal act as a powerful antioxidant. It is very good source of dietary fibre, lowers risk of coronary heart disease. Brinjal fruits act as an excellent remedy for those suffering liver complains (
Shukla and Naik, 1993). Brinjal fruits also play an important role in narcotic, anti-asthmatic and anti-rheumatic properties
(Daunay et al., (1991).
Solasodine content
Data on solasodine content were presented in Table 3. Among the genotypes, Brinjal-1 exhibited the highest amount of solasodine content (8.42 mg/100g) which was statistically at par with Sagolishingia (8.39 mg/100g), Kuchia (8.24 mg/100g), Green Round (8.13 mg/100g), Brinjal-5 (8.10 mg/100g), HRS-4 (8.08 mg/100g), Khoruah-3 (8.02 mg/100g) and Long Khoruah (7.74 mg/100g), respectively. The lowest amount of solasodine content was exhibited by Bor Bengena (4.85 mg/100g) which was at par with JC-1 (5.55 mg/100g) and Khoruah-1 (4.86 mg/100g). This finding was supported by other findings of Jayalakshmi and Praneetha (2018) found 0.042% to 0.020% of solasodine content in brinjal genotypes. Generally, a bitter taste and off-flavour brinjal fruits may be produced when the fruit contained high glycoalkaloids. Similar results were earlier reported by
Dhruve et al., 2014 and
Kumar and Arumugam (2013). According to
Chauhan et al., (2011) an alkaloid solasodine is present in the roots and leaves of brinjal plants which can be used in treating diabetes. Glycoalkaloids have antimicrobial, insecticidal and fungicidal properties which account for their activity against several insects, pests and herbivores.
Total phenol content
The mean values for total phenol content were presented in Table 3. The highest total phenol content was exhibited by the genotype Brinjal-1 (2.24 mg/g) which was statistically at par with Boga Bengena (2.08 mg/g), Koni Bengena (1.88 mg/g) and Green Round (1.83 mg/g), respectively. Minimum total phenol content was recorded in Bor Bengena (0.18 mg/g) which was at par with Brinjal (0.22 mg/g), HRS-4 (0.22 mg/g), Longai (0.30 mg/g) and JC-1 (0.33 mg/g). A similar result was earlier reported by Jayalakshmi and Praneetha (2018) found 1.24 mg/g to 1.01 mg/g of phenol content.
Pujer et al., 2017 recorded highest phenol content of (2.35%) in genotype CBB-50 to lowest (0.54%) in genotype CBB-40.
Reshmika et al., 2016 recorded phenol content of (470mg/100g to 19.50 mg/100g). The phenols of the fruits play an important role in reducing the fruit borer infestation level and the resistance or susceptible nature could depend upon the relative content of the total phenols in the fruits.
