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Research Article

volume 39 issue 2 (june 2019) : 132-135,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4932

Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.)Merrill] to Irrigation at Different Growth Stages

S
S A Jaybhay
P
Philips Varghese
S
S P Taware
B
B D Idhol
B
B N Waghmare
D
D H Salunkhe
1<div>Genetics and Plant Breeding Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India</div>
Cite article:- Jaybhay A S, Varghese Philips, Taware P S, Idhol D B, Waghmare N B, Salunkhe H D (2019). Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.)Merrill] to Irrigation at Different Growth Stages. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(2): 132-135. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4932.

ABSTRACT

 A field experiment was carried out in rainy seasons of 2009, 2010 and 2011 to study the effect of irrigation schedules on yield, water use efficiency and other traits in soybean. Seven irrigation schedules consisted of irrigations at seedling stage (15–20 days after sowing), flower initiation stage, seed filling stage (20 days after flower initiation) and four different combinations of these 3 stages. Irrigation at flower initiation + seed filling stages produced the highest seed yield (3221 kg/ha). Maximum average values for seed index (14.59 g) and harvest index (50.87%) were recorded in this treatment. This treatment also recorded maximum net returns (₹ 44028/ha) followed by irrigation at seedling + flower initiation + seed initiation stages (₹ 42046/ha) and flower initiation stage (₹ 41880/ha). Control (no irrigation) had maximum water use efficiency (84.85 kg/ha/cm) followed by irrigation at flower initiation stage (83.30 kg/ha/cm). Studies indicated that irrigation to the soybean crop at flower initiation and seed filling stages helps to obtain the optimum yield and earn maximum net returns.

REFERENCES

  1. Ahmed, M.A., El-Sherif, and Ali, M.M.. (2015) Effect of deficit irrigation and soybean/maize intercropping on yield and water use efficiency. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci.4(12): 777-794
  2. Ali A, Muhammad T, Muhammad A N, Asif T, Muhammad A, Allah W and Jami-Ur-Rehman. (2009). Effect of different irrigation management strategies on growth and yield of soybean. Pak. J. Life & Soc. Sci.7 (2): 181-4.
  3. AMIS (Agricultural Market Information System), FAO, February 2019.
  4. Aslam M, Naseer A, Khan and Siddique M. (2002). Soybean seed yield and its components as affected by different irrigation regimes at different reproductive stages. Pak. J. Agric. Res. 17(4): 309-13.
  5. Demirtas C, Yazgan S, Candogan B N, Sincik M, Büyükcangaz H and Göksoy A T. (2010). Quality and yield response of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) to drought stress in sub–humid environment. African J. Biotech. 9(41): 6873-81.
  6. Gomez KA and Gomez AA. (1984). Statistical Procedure for Agricultural Research, John Willey and Sons, New York.
  7. Irmak Suat, Odhiambo Lameck O, Kranz William L and Eisenhauer Dean E. (2011). Irrigation Efficiency and Uniformity, and Crop Water Use Efficiency. Bio. Sys. Eng. 451. https:// digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosysengfacpub/451
  8. Jensen M E. (1983). Design and operation of farm irrigation systems. ASAE, Michigan, USA. pp. 827.
  9. Kadhem F A, Specht J E and Williams J H. (1985). Soybean irrigation serially timed during stages R1 to R6. II. Yield component responses. Agron. J. 77:299-304.
  10. Kazi B R, OadF C, Jamro V L, Jamil A and Lakho A A. (2002). Effect of irrigation frequencies on growth and yield of soybean.J. App. Sci.2(6): 661-662.
  11. Korte L L, Williams J H, Specht J E and Sorensen R C. (1983). Irrigation of soybean genotypes during reproductive ontogeny. II. Yield component responses. Crop Sci. 23: 528-533.
  12. Meena D S, Narolia R S, Baldev Ram, Mahawar R K, Pratap Singh and Choudhary H R. (2013). Effect of Irrigation Levels on Yield and Water Productivity of Soybean under Vertisols. Soybean Research12(1): 69-76.
  13. Muchow R C and Sinclair T R. (1986). Water and nitrogen limitations in soybean grain production. I. Field and model analyses. FieldCropsRes. 15: 143-56.
  14. Rahul A, Jahan A K M, Karim S R A, and Mirza H. (2009). Growth dynamics of soybean (Glycine max L.) as affected by varieties and timing of irrigation. American-European J. Agron.2(2): 95-103.
  15. Yaseen R, Shafi J, Ahmad W, Rana M S, Salim M and Qaisrani S A. (2014). Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Mulch on Soil Physical Properties, Growth and Yield of Maize. Environ. Ecol. Res.2, 122-137.
  16. Zhang Yinghu, Jianbo He, Yufeng Wang, Guangnan Xing, Jinming Zhao, Yan Li, Shouping Yang, Palmer R G, Tuanjie Zhao and Junyi Gai. (2015). Establishment of a 100- seed weight quantitative trait locus–allele matrix of the germplasm population for optimal recombination design in soybean breeding programmes. J. Exp. Botany. 66(20): 6311–6325.
  17. Zou Wenxiu, Xinchun Lu and Xiaozeng Han. (2017). Effect of irrigation regime on soybean biomass, yield, water use efficiency in a semi-arid and subihumid region in northeast China. Freseniu Environmental Bulletin 25(4): 1-11.
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    Research Article

    volume 39 issue 2 (june 2019) : 132-135,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4932

    Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.)Merrill] to Irrigation at Different Growth Stages

    S
    S A Jaybhay
    P
    Philips Varghese
    S
    S P Taware
    B
    B D Idhol
    B
    B N Waghmare
    D
    D H Salunkhe
    1<div>Genetics and Plant Breeding Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India</div>
    Cite article:- Jaybhay A S, Varghese Philips, Taware P S, Idhol D B, Waghmare N B, Salunkhe H D (2019). Response of Soybean [Glycine max (L.)Merrill] to Irrigation at Different Growth Stages. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(2): 132-135. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4932.

    ABSTRACT

     A field experiment was carried out in rainy seasons of 2009, 2010 and 2011 to study the effect of irrigation schedules on yield, water use efficiency and other traits in soybean. Seven irrigation schedules consisted of irrigations at seedling stage (15–20 days after sowing), flower initiation stage, seed filling stage (20 days after flower initiation) and four different combinations of these 3 stages. Irrigation at flower initiation + seed filling stages produced the highest seed yield (3221 kg/ha). Maximum average values for seed index (14.59 g) and harvest index (50.87%) were recorded in this treatment. This treatment also recorded maximum net returns (₹ 44028/ha) followed by irrigation at seedling + flower initiation + seed initiation stages (₹ 42046/ha) and flower initiation stage (₹ 41880/ha). Control (no irrigation) had maximum water use efficiency (84.85 kg/ha/cm) followed by irrigation at flower initiation stage (83.30 kg/ha/cm). Studies indicated that irrigation to the soybean crop at flower initiation and seed filling stages helps to obtain the optimum yield and earn maximum net returns.

    REFERENCES

    1. Ahmed, M.A., El-Sherif, and Ali, M.M.. (2015) Effect of deficit irrigation and soybean/maize intercropping on yield and water use efficiency. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci.4(12): 777-794
    2. Ali A, Muhammad T, Muhammad A N, Asif T, Muhammad A, Allah W and Jami-Ur-Rehman. (2009). Effect of different irrigation management strategies on growth and yield of soybean. Pak. J. Life & Soc. Sci.7 (2): 181-4.
    3. AMIS (Agricultural Market Information System), FAO, February 2019.
    4. Aslam M, Naseer A, Khan and Siddique M. (2002). Soybean seed yield and its components as affected by different irrigation regimes at different reproductive stages. Pak. J. Agric. Res. 17(4): 309-13.
    5. Demirtas C, Yazgan S, Candogan B N, Sincik M, Büyükcangaz H and Göksoy A T. (2010). Quality and yield response of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) to drought stress in sub–humid environment. African J. Biotech. 9(41): 6873-81.
    6. Gomez KA and Gomez AA. (1984). Statistical Procedure for Agricultural Research, John Willey and Sons, New York.
    7. Irmak Suat, Odhiambo Lameck O, Kranz William L and Eisenhauer Dean E. (2011). Irrigation Efficiency and Uniformity, and Crop Water Use Efficiency. Bio. Sys. Eng. 451. https:// digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosysengfacpub/451
    8. Jensen M E. (1983). Design and operation of farm irrigation systems. ASAE, Michigan, USA. pp. 827.
    9. Kadhem F A, Specht J E and Williams J H. (1985). Soybean irrigation serially timed during stages R1 to R6. II. Yield component responses. Agron. J. 77:299-304.
    10. Kazi B R, OadF C, Jamro V L, Jamil A and Lakho A A. (2002). Effect of irrigation frequencies on growth and yield of soybean.J. App. Sci.2(6): 661-662.
    11. Korte L L, Williams J H, Specht J E and Sorensen R C. (1983). Irrigation of soybean genotypes during reproductive ontogeny. II. Yield component responses. Crop Sci. 23: 528-533.
    12. Meena D S, Narolia R S, Baldev Ram, Mahawar R K, Pratap Singh and Choudhary H R. (2013). Effect of Irrigation Levels on Yield and Water Productivity of Soybean under Vertisols. Soybean Research12(1): 69-76.
    13. Muchow R C and Sinclair T R. (1986). Water and nitrogen limitations in soybean grain production. I. Field and model analyses. FieldCropsRes. 15: 143-56.
    14. Rahul A, Jahan A K M, Karim S R A, and Mirza H. (2009). Growth dynamics of soybean (Glycine max L.) as affected by varieties and timing of irrigation. American-European J. Agron.2(2): 95-103.
    15. Yaseen R, Shafi J, Ahmad W, Rana M S, Salim M and Qaisrani S A. (2014). Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Mulch on Soil Physical Properties, Growth and Yield of Maize. Environ. Ecol. Res.2, 122-137.
    16. Zhang Yinghu, Jianbo He, Yufeng Wang, Guangnan Xing, Jinming Zhao, Yan Li, Shouping Yang, Palmer R G, Tuanjie Zhao and Junyi Gai. (2015). Establishment of a 100- seed weight quantitative trait locus–allele matrix of the germplasm population for optimal recombination design in soybean breeding programmes. J. Exp. Botany. 66(20): 6311–6325.
    17. Zou Wenxiu, Xinchun Lu and Xiaozeng Han. (2017). Effect of irrigation regime on soybean biomass, yield, water use efficiency in a semi-arid and subihumid region in northeast China. Freseniu Environmental Bulletin 25(4): 1-11.
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