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Research Article

volume 38 issue 1 (march 2018) : 1-10,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4382

Diversity of weed species in wheat fields of district Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir

A
Amandeep Singh
S
Satvinder Singh
L
L.R. Dangwal
1Herbarium and Plant Systematic Lab, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University, S.R.T Campus, Badshahi Thaul-249 199, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
Cite article:- Singh Amandeep, Singh Satvinder, Dangwal L.R. (2018). Diversity of weed species in wheat fields of district Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir. Agricultural Science Digest. 38(1): 1-10. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4382.

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to determine the diversity of weed species in wheat fields of the district Rajouri (J&K). For analyzing diversity 20 quadrats of (1m.×1m.) were randomly laid down in each block. In every set of quadrat frequency, density and abundance was observed throughout the cropping season and IVI (Important value index) was determined. During the course of field study it was reported that the maximum infestation was shown by grassy weed  Avena fatua having maximum density (10.15, 12.12, 7.30, 9.35, 10.6, 8.55 from site 1-6 respectively) and IVI (35.71, 43.49, 30.27, 33.91, 32.59, 32.11 from site 1-6 respectively) in all the selected sites. While the least dominant weeds were Calotropis procera, Conyza japonica, Cannabis sativa, Rumex acetosa, Euphorbia prolifera and Sonchus asper etc. A total of 116 weed species belonging to 3 monocot and 27dicot families were reported from the target site.

REFERENCES

  1. Andersson, T.N., and Milberg, P. (1998). Weed flora and the relative importance of site, crop, crop rotation and nitrogen. Weed Sci. 46: 30–38.
  2. Anonymous (1997).Quaterly bulletin of statistics.F.A.O (Food and Agriculture organization).p. 10.
  3. Benton, A.M. and Werner W.E. (1976). Field Biology and Ecology. Mc Graw Hill Co., NewYork.
  4. Cardina, J., Herms, C.P., and Doohan, D.J. (2002). Crop rotation and tillage system effects on weed seed banks. Weed Sci. 50: 448–460.
  5. Clough, Y., Kruess, A. and Tscharntke, T. (2007). Organic versus conventional arable farming functional grouping helps understand staphylinid response. Agric. Ecosys. Environ.118: 285–290.
  6. Curtis, J.T. (1956). The vegetation of Wisconsin.An ordination of plants communities. University Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, pp 655.
  7. Curtis, J.T. and McIntosh., R.P. (1950). The Interrelation of certain analytic and synthetic phytosociological characters. Ecology 31: 434-455.
  8. Dangwal, L. R., Singh, A., Sharma, A. and Singh, T. (2011). Diversity of Weed Species in Wheat Fields of Block Nowshera District Rajouri (J and K).Indian. J. Weed Sci.43 (1 and 2) : 94-96.
  9. Dangwal, L.R.., Singh, A., Singh, T. and Sharma,C. (2010). Effects of weeds on the yield of wheat crop in tehsil Nowshera.Journal of American science 6 (10): 405-407.
  10. Dhole, J.A., Lone, K.D.,Dhole ,N.A. and Bodke. S.S. (2013). Studies on weed diversity of Wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) crop fields of Marathwada Region.Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 2 (6): 293-298.
  11. Fried, G., Norton,L.R., and Reboud, X. (2008). Environmental and management factors determining weed species composition and diversity in France. Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 128: 68–76.
  12. Gaba, S., Chauvel, B., Dessaint, F., Bretagnolle, V. and S., Petit. (2010). Weed species richness in winter wheat increases with landscape heterogeneity.Agric. Ecosys. Environ 138: 318–323.
  13. Gill, H.S., Walia, U.S. and L.S. Brar. (1979). Chemical weed control in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) with particular reference to Phalaris minor Retz. and wild oat (Avenaludoviciana Dew.) Pesticides. 13(12): 15-20.
  14. Gupta, A., Joshi, S.P. and Manahas, R. K. (2008). Multivariate analysis of diversity and composition of weeds communities of wheat fields in doonvalley India. Trop. Ecol. 49:103-112.
  15. Kaul, M.K. (1986). Weed flora of Kashmir Valley. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, Inda.
  16. Kershaw, K.A. (1973). Quntitative and Dynamic Plant Ecology.2nd edition, ELBS and Edward Arnol Publ. Ltd., London.p.308.
  17. Khan, M., Kumar, S., and Hamal, I.A. (2009). Diversity of weeds associated with rabi and kharif crops of sewa river catchment area in the north west Himalaya. The Bioscan. 4(3): 437-440.
  18. Khobragade, D.P. and Sathawane, K.N. (2014).Weed diversity in rabi wheat crop of Bhandara District (MS), India. Int. J. of Life Sciences.Special issue. A2: 128-131.
  19. Kirec, M., and Yarci. C. (1999). The flora ofthe agricultural areas in Enez (Enirne) and environs.Turk. J. of Bot. 23 (1):53- 62.
  20. Qureshi, F.A. (1982). Weed problems of Pakistan.In identification and control of weed manual, PARC, Islamabad.p 5-6.
  21. Rabia, A.M., Raza bhatti, G.and Khalid, S. (2003). Weed diversity of wheat crop in Khairpurdistrict,Sindh. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res. 9 (1-2):99-103.
  22. Salonen, J., Hyvonen,T. and Jalli, H. (2001). Weed flora in organically grown spring cereals in Finland. Agric. Food. Sci.Finland. 10 (3): 231-242.
  23. Sharma, B.M. andKachroo, P. (1981). Flora of Jammu and Plants of Neighbourhood. Bishen Singh Mahendra pal Singh, Dehradun.
  24. Singh, B.N. and Chalam, G.V. (1936). Unit of quantative analysis of weed flora on arableland.J. Amer. Soc. Agron., 28: 556-561.
  25. Singh, K.N., Ara, S.,Wani, G.A., Hasan, B. and B.A., Khanday.(2007). A phyto-sociological association of weeds in winter crops of Kasmir valley. Indian J. Weed Sci. 39:(1-2), 33-40.
  26. Swami, A. and Gupta, B.K. (1998). Flora of Udhampur.Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun.
  27. Tiwari, R..B. and Parihar S.S. (1993).Weed management studies in wheat. Ind. J .weed sci. 25 (3-4):120-22.
  28. Tursun, N. (2002). Determination of weedsin wheat fields in Kahramanmaras, Turkey. Turkiye Herboloji Dergisi. 5(1): 1-11. 
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    Research Article

    volume 38 issue 1 (march 2018) : 1-10,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4382

    Diversity of weed species in wheat fields of district Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir

    A
    Amandeep Singh
    S
    Satvinder Singh
    L
    L.R. Dangwal
    1Herbarium and Plant Systematic Lab, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University, S.R.T Campus, Badshahi Thaul-249 199, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
    Cite article:- Singh Amandeep, Singh Satvinder, Dangwal L.R. (2018). Diversity of weed species in wheat fields of district Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir. Agricultural Science Digest. 38(1): 1-10. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-4382.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study was conducted to determine the diversity of weed species in wheat fields of the district Rajouri (J&K). For analyzing diversity 20 quadrats of (1m.×1m.) were randomly laid down in each block. In every set of quadrat frequency, density and abundance was observed throughout the cropping season and IVI (Important value index) was determined. During the course of field study it was reported that the maximum infestation was shown by grassy weed  Avena fatua having maximum density (10.15, 12.12, 7.30, 9.35, 10.6, 8.55 from site 1-6 respectively) and IVI (35.71, 43.49, 30.27, 33.91, 32.59, 32.11 from site 1-6 respectively) in all the selected sites. While the least dominant weeds were Calotropis procera, Conyza japonica, Cannabis sativa, Rumex acetosa, Euphorbia prolifera and Sonchus asper etc. A total of 116 weed species belonging to 3 monocot and 27dicot families were reported from the target site.

    REFERENCES

    1. Andersson, T.N., and Milberg, P. (1998). Weed flora and the relative importance of site, crop, crop rotation and nitrogen. Weed Sci. 46: 30–38.
    2. Anonymous (1997).Quaterly bulletin of statistics.F.A.O (Food and Agriculture organization).p. 10.
    3. Benton, A.M. and Werner W.E. (1976). Field Biology and Ecology. Mc Graw Hill Co., NewYork.
    4. Cardina, J., Herms, C.P., and Doohan, D.J. (2002). Crop rotation and tillage system effects on weed seed banks. Weed Sci. 50: 448–460.
    5. Clough, Y., Kruess, A. and Tscharntke, T. (2007). Organic versus conventional arable farming functional grouping helps understand staphylinid response. Agric. Ecosys. Environ.118: 285–290.
    6. Curtis, J.T. (1956). The vegetation of Wisconsin.An ordination of plants communities. University Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, pp 655.
    7. Curtis, J.T. and McIntosh., R.P. (1950). The Interrelation of certain analytic and synthetic phytosociological characters. Ecology 31: 434-455.
    8. Dangwal, L. R., Singh, A., Sharma, A. and Singh, T. (2011). Diversity of Weed Species in Wheat Fields of Block Nowshera District Rajouri (J and K).Indian. J. Weed Sci.43 (1 and 2) : 94-96.
    9. Dangwal, L.R.., Singh, A., Singh, T. and Sharma,C. (2010). Effects of weeds on the yield of wheat crop in tehsil Nowshera.Journal of American science 6 (10): 405-407.
    10. Dhole, J.A., Lone, K.D.,Dhole ,N.A. and Bodke. S.S. (2013). Studies on weed diversity of Wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) crop fields of Marathwada Region.Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 2 (6): 293-298.
    11. Fried, G., Norton,L.R., and Reboud, X. (2008). Environmental and management factors determining weed species composition and diversity in France. Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 128: 68–76.
    12. Gaba, S., Chauvel, B., Dessaint, F., Bretagnolle, V. and S., Petit. (2010). Weed species richness in winter wheat increases with landscape heterogeneity.Agric. Ecosys. Environ 138: 318–323.
    13. Gill, H.S., Walia, U.S. and L.S. Brar. (1979). Chemical weed control in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) with particular reference to Phalaris minor Retz. and wild oat (Avenaludoviciana Dew.) Pesticides. 13(12): 15-20.
    14. Gupta, A., Joshi, S.P. and Manahas, R. K. (2008). Multivariate analysis of diversity and composition of weeds communities of wheat fields in doonvalley India. Trop. Ecol. 49:103-112.
    15. Kaul, M.K. (1986). Weed flora of Kashmir Valley. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, Inda.
    16. Kershaw, K.A. (1973). Quntitative and Dynamic Plant Ecology.2nd edition, ELBS and Edward Arnol Publ. Ltd., London.p.308.
    17. Khan, M., Kumar, S., and Hamal, I.A. (2009). Diversity of weeds associated with rabi and kharif crops of sewa river catchment area in the north west Himalaya. The Bioscan. 4(3): 437-440.
    18. Khobragade, D.P. and Sathawane, K.N. (2014).Weed diversity in rabi wheat crop of Bhandara District (MS), India. Int. J. of Life Sciences.Special issue. A2: 128-131.
    19. Kirec, M., and Yarci. C. (1999). The flora ofthe agricultural areas in Enez (Enirne) and environs.Turk. J. of Bot. 23 (1):53- 62.
    20. Qureshi, F.A. (1982). Weed problems of Pakistan.In identification and control of weed manual, PARC, Islamabad.p 5-6.
    21. Rabia, A.M., Raza bhatti, G.and Khalid, S. (2003). Weed diversity of wheat crop in Khairpurdistrict,Sindh. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res. 9 (1-2):99-103.
    22. Salonen, J., Hyvonen,T. and Jalli, H. (2001). Weed flora in organically grown spring cereals in Finland. Agric. Food. Sci.Finland. 10 (3): 231-242.
    23. Sharma, B.M. andKachroo, P. (1981). Flora of Jammu and Plants of Neighbourhood. Bishen Singh Mahendra pal Singh, Dehradun.
    24. Singh, B.N. and Chalam, G.V. (1936). Unit of quantative analysis of weed flora on arableland.J. Amer. Soc. Agron., 28: 556-561.
    25. Singh, K.N., Ara, S.,Wani, G.A., Hasan, B. and B.A., Khanday.(2007). A phyto-sociological association of weeds in winter crops of Kasmir valley. Indian J. Weed Sci. 39:(1-2), 33-40.
    26. Swami, A. and Gupta, B.K. (1998). Flora of Udhampur.Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun.
    27. Tiwari, R..B. and Parihar S.S. (1993).Weed management studies in wheat. Ind. J .weed sci. 25 (3-4):120-22.
    28. Tursun, N. (2002). Determination of weedsin wheat fields in Kahramanmaras, Turkey. Turkiye Herboloji Dergisi. 5(1): 1-11. 
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