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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 35 issue 3 (september 2015) : 167-172,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0547.2015.00038.5

Different fractions of iron in paddy growing soils in selected villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka, India

S
S. Selvaraj
B
B. Basavaraj
1Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture (UAS), Dharwad- 580 005, India.
Cite article:- Selvaraj S., Basavaraj B. (2025). Different fractions of iron in paddy growing soils in selected villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka, India. Agricultural Science Digest. 35(3): 167-172. doi: 10.5958/0976-0547.2015.00038.5.

ABSTRACT

Sixty surface (0-20 cm) soil samples each from the farmers paddy field collected from different villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka in the year 2010-2011. The two years soil samples were pooled and handled for laboratory analysis. Fractionation of iron in soil samples carried out with standard procedure. Distributions of different forms of iron in twelve village paddy growing soils were studied. The results showed that more than 31.48% in Karatagi sample and 71.91% in Maralanahalli sample of total iron occurred as free and amorphous bound iron, where as water soluble iron occurred only in 0.03% in Karatagi sample and 1.17% in Rampura soil samples. Soil contained water soluble iron from 0.11 to 4.62 ppm, exchangeable iron from 0.22 to 3.93 ppm, amorphous iron oxide bound iron from 109.61 to 456.81 ppm, crystalline iron oxide bound iron from 21.48 to 332.41 ppm and residual iron 37.27 to 216.45 ppm. In this fractions water soluble and exchangeable iron was low in all the soils when compared to other fractions, still it is very important from the plant availability point of view. Amorphous iron oxide bound form of iron dominated when compared to water soluble iron, exchangeable iron, crystalline iron oxide bound iron and residual iron fractions.

REFERENCES

  1. Anonymous (2010). FAOSTAT (Prodstat), 2010. www.fao.org
  2. Basappa, B.S. (1990). Studies on distribution, forms and availability of iron in Vertisols of Upperkrishna project area, Karnataka. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Dharwad (India).
  3. Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. and Clark, R.B. (2002). Micronutrients in crop production. Adv. Agron. 77: 185-268.
  4. Katyal, J.C. and Agarwala, S.C. (1982). Micronutrient research in India. Fert. News,2: 66-86.
  5. Kundu, D.K., Neue, H.U. and Singh, R. (2000). Iron and potassium availability to rice in Tropudalf and Sulfaqua as influenced by water regime. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 48: 130-135.
  6. Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA-soil test for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. Soil Sci. Soc. America J., 42: 421-428.
  7. Mehra, O.P. and Jackson, M.L. (1960). Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by dithionate – citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate, Clays Clay Min., 7: 317-327.
  8. Miller, W.P. Martens, D.C. and Zelany, L.W. (1986). Effect of Sequence in extraction of trace elements from soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Ame. J., 50: 598 - 601.
  9. Mortvedt, J.J. Wallace, A. and Curley, R.D. (1977). Iron, the elusive micronutrient. Fert. Solutions, 21: 26-36.
  10. Nayak, D.C. Dipak Sarkar and Das, K. (2002). Forms and distribution of pedogenic iron, aluminium and manganese in some benchmark soils of West Bengal. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 50: 89-93.
  11. Nayyar, V.K., Arora, C.L. and Kataki, P.K. (2001). Management of soil micronutrient deficiencies in the rice-wheat cropping system. In: Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia: Efficient production Management (Palit K. Kataki, Ed.), Haworth Press Inc., 87-131.
  12. Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Kenay, D.R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis Part-2, Soil Sci. Soc. America Inc. Publishers, Madison, Wisconsin, UAS.
  13. Sharma, J.C., Chaudhry and Sanjeev, K. (2007). Vertical distribution of micronutrients cations in relations to soil characteristics in lower Shiwaliks of Solan district in north-west Himalayas. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 55: 40-44.
  14. Singh, R.S., Dubey, P.N., Singh, S.K. and Shyampura, R.L. (2008). Distribution of chemical fractions of micronutrients cations in some vertisols under the Agro- Eco-sub region 4.2 of Eastern Rajasthan. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 56: 192-197.
  15. Tessier, A., Campbell, P.G.C. and Bission, M. (1979). Sequential exteraction procedures for the speciation of particualate trace metals. Ann. Chem., 51: 844-851.
  16. Thomas, G.W. (1982). Exchangeable cations. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, America Society Agronomy and Soil Science Society Inc. Publication, Madison, WI.
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    volume 35 issue 3 (september 2015) : 167-172,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0547.2015.00038.5

    Different fractions of iron in paddy growing soils in selected villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka, India

    S
    S. Selvaraj
    B
    B. Basavaraj
    1Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture (UAS), Dharwad- 580 005, India.
    Cite article:- Selvaraj S., Basavaraj B. (2025). Different fractions of iron in paddy growing soils in selected villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka, India. Agricultural Science Digest. 35(3): 167-172. doi: 10.5958/0976-0547.2015.00038.5.

    ABSTRACT

    Sixty surface (0-20 cm) soil samples each from the farmers paddy field collected from different villages of Gangavati taluka in North Karnataka in the year 2010-2011. The two years soil samples were pooled and handled for laboratory analysis. Fractionation of iron in soil samples carried out with standard procedure. Distributions of different forms of iron in twelve village paddy growing soils were studied. The results showed that more than 31.48% in Karatagi sample and 71.91% in Maralanahalli sample of total iron occurred as free and amorphous bound iron, where as water soluble iron occurred only in 0.03% in Karatagi sample and 1.17% in Rampura soil samples. Soil contained water soluble iron from 0.11 to 4.62 ppm, exchangeable iron from 0.22 to 3.93 ppm, amorphous iron oxide bound iron from 109.61 to 456.81 ppm, crystalline iron oxide bound iron from 21.48 to 332.41 ppm and residual iron 37.27 to 216.45 ppm. In this fractions water soluble and exchangeable iron was low in all the soils when compared to other fractions, still it is very important from the plant availability point of view. Amorphous iron oxide bound form of iron dominated when compared to water soluble iron, exchangeable iron, crystalline iron oxide bound iron and residual iron fractions.

    REFERENCES

    1. Anonymous (2010). FAOSTAT (Prodstat), 2010. www.fao.org
    2. Basappa, B.S. (1990). Studies on distribution, forms and availability of iron in Vertisols of Upperkrishna project area, Karnataka. M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Dharwad (India).
    3. Fageria, N.K., Baligar, V.C. and Clark, R.B. (2002). Micronutrients in crop production. Adv. Agron. 77: 185-268.
    4. Katyal, J.C. and Agarwala, S.C. (1982). Micronutrient research in India. Fert. News,2: 66-86.
    5. Kundu, D.K., Neue, H.U. and Singh, R. (2000). Iron and potassium availability to rice in Tropudalf and Sulfaqua as influenced by water regime. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 48: 130-135.
    6. Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA-soil test for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. Soil Sci. Soc. America J., 42: 421-428.
    7. Mehra, O.P. and Jackson, M.L. (1960). Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by dithionate – citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate, Clays Clay Min., 7: 317-327.
    8. Miller, W.P. Martens, D.C. and Zelany, L.W. (1986). Effect of Sequence in extraction of trace elements from soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Ame. J., 50: 598 - 601.
    9. Mortvedt, J.J. Wallace, A. and Curley, R.D. (1977). Iron, the elusive micronutrient. Fert. Solutions, 21: 26-36.
    10. Nayak, D.C. Dipak Sarkar and Das, K. (2002). Forms and distribution of pedogenic iron, aluminium and manganese in some benchmark soils of West Bengal. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 50: 89-93.
    11. Nayyar, V.K., Arora, C.L. and Kataki, P.K. (2001). Management of soil micronutrient deficiencies in the rice-wheat cropping system. In: Rice-Wheat Cropping System of South Asia: Efficient production Management (Palit K. Kataki, Ed.), Haworth Press Inc., 87-131.
    12. Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Kenay, D.R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis Part-2, Soil Sci. Soc. America Inc. Publishers, Madison, Wisconsin, UAS.
    13. Sharma, J.C., Chaudhry and Sanjeev, K. (2007). Vertical distribution of micronutrients cations in relations to soil characteristics in lower Shiwaliks of Solan district in north-west Himalayas. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 55: 40-44.
    14. Singh, R.S., Dubey, P.N., Singh, S.K. and Shyampura, R.L. (2008). Distribution of chemical fractions of micronutrients cations in some vertisols under the Agro- Eco-sub region 4.2 of Eastern Rajasthan. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 56: 192-197.
    15. Tessier, A., Campbell, P.G.C. and Bission, M. (1979). Sequential exteraction procedures for the speciation of particualate trace metals. Ann. Chem., 51: 844-851.
    16. Thomas, G.W. (1982). Exchangeable cations. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, America Society Agronomy and Soil Science Society Inc. Publication, Madison, WI.
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