In the last decade, the use of phytobiotics has increased, because of their pharmacological effects, it promotes feed intake, improve antioxidant status, increase the secretion of endogenous enzymes (
Gheisar and Kim, 2018) change the fluidity and permeability of the cell membrane and the absorption of nutrients is enhanced
(Amad et al., 2011). In the case of
Papaveraceae family, the alkaloids contained in it, mainly Sanguinarine, showed antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, in rats, reduced the intestinal secretion caused by cholera toxin and improve liver function
(Yu et al., 2014). Another alternative of growing interest in animal production is the application of nanotechnology, their potential use in broiler production cannot be fully appreciated yet because of insufficient knowledge, however, it’s known that it can reduce the time of production of meat and eggs
(Al-Beitawi et al., 2017; Hassanen et al., 2020). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a feed additive based on papaveraceae roots and nanoclays on broiler performance.
All procedures were reviewed and supervised by a Bioethics Committee in accordance with the Official Mexican Regulations on Technical Specifications in the Production, Maintenance and Use of Laboratory Animals (
DOF, 2001). During the period september to october 2020, at Instituto de Investigacion de Zonas Deserticas of Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México, one hundred and twenty, one d old, Cobb broilers were housed in a temperature-controlled room (25°C) and 24 h light cycle, 12 brooder battery cages (Petersime Inc., Gettysburg, OH) whit 10 chicks per cage were used. From day 1 to day 7 old, chicks were fed a starter concentrate (Iniciarina Hi-Broiler, Cargill, México) and from 8 to 49 d old, were fed a finisher concentrates (Engoordina Hi1, Cargill, México) (Table 1). Chicks were randomly assigned to six cages with feed without additive and 6 cages with additive. The additive based on
Papaveraceae roots and nanoclays (Sangromix 10x®, Nutrición y Genética Saludable SA de CV, Leon Guanajuato, México) was added on top of the concentrate at 20 g t
-1 (as fed, 0.12 g of sanguinarine). Broilers had free access to concentrate and fresh water. Broilers were weighed daily. Feed intake (FI) was measured daily as feed offered minus feed refused. Average daily gain (AGD) was calculated using body weight changes. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as FI/ADG.
Data set were analysed in a completely randomized design with a mixed model (proc mixed), where treatment was considered fixed and broiler cage the random component in the model (
SAS, 2008). The covariance structure used was ARH (1). Significant differences were accepted at
P<0.05. The results are shown as a general means.
Broilers that received Sangromix 10x®, had higher (
P<0.05) final body weight, total gain, average daily gain and better feed conversion value as compared with broilers without Sangromix
10x®. The additive did not affect (
P>0.05) feed intake (Table 2).
Aljumaah et al., (2020) found that the inclusion of papaveracea extract in dried form at the rate of 0.20 g kg
-1, in liquid form at the rate of 0.25 mL L
-1 or Sangrovit Extra
® (additive based on papaveracea roots whitout nanoclays) at the rate of 0.15 g/kg, did not show effect on body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and production efficient factor. The beneficial effects of papaveracea roots extract and nanoclays on final body weight, total gain, average daily gain and better feed conversion can be explained for the beneficial effect of nanoclays.
Weiss et al., (2006) mentioned that ingredients’ nanoparticle size might increase the functionally or bioavailability of ingredients and nutrients, leading to increased body weight. In accordance with this,
Al-Beitawi et al., (2017) found that the addition of 2% nanoclay minerals in diets of broilers chickens, significantly improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio.
