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Research Article

Agricultural Science Digest, volume 41 special issue (april 2021) : 218-224

Acute and Chronic Effects of Aluminum Smelter Dust on Hematology, Metal Bioaccumulation and Oxidant-antioxidant Status in Rat

Khadiga G. Adham, Atheer M. Asiri
1Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharram Bey, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
Cite article:- Adham G. Khadiga, Asiri M. Atheer (2020). Acute and Chronic Effects of Aluminum Smelter Dust on Hematology, Metal Bioaccumulation and Oxidant-antioxidant Status in Rat. Agricultural Science Digest. 41(2021): 218-224. doi: 10.18805/ag.D-287.

ABSTRACT

Background: Aluminum smelting industry is implicated with documented health risks. This study examined toxic effects of aluminum smelting dust as a real-life chemical hazard instead of single aluminum compounds, which seldom exist in real life. 
Methods: Adult male rats were gavaged acute (3 consecutive days) and chronic (6 weeks) doses of two dust concentrations (10 and 20 mg kg-1). Experimental investigation included toxic metal accumulation and biochemical analysis of blood and liver. 
Result: Aluminum and iron were highest in dust and respectively accumulated in brain, liver and kidneys. Anemia, inflammation, liver and kidney damage and oxidative stress were established in view of thrombocytopenia (35%), leukocytosis (41%), lymphocytosis (55%) and alterations in aminotransferases, creatinine, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Aluminum facilitation of iron-mediated lipid peroxidation is suggested. These findings drew attention to the magnitude (dose-dependent) and persistence (time-dependent) of aluminum dust as health compromising and are of particular significance to workers in aluminum smelting industries.

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