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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 31 issue 3 (september 2011) : 167 - 172

CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT MODEL DRASTIC FOR LUDHIANA, PUNJAB

R
Ram Naresh
A
A K Jain
S
Sanjay Kumar
1Deptt. of Soil & Water Engg., Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Naresh Ram, Jain K A, Kumar Sanjay (2025). CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT MODEL DRASTIC FOR LUDHIANA, PUNJAB. Agricultural Science Digest. 31(3): 167 - 172. doi: .

ABSTRACT

A Point Count System Model, DRASTIC, of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was used to assess the vulnerability of groundwater from non-point source pollution for Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Thematic maps of seven parameters of the model i.e. depth of water table, recharge, aquifer media, soil, topography, impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity were prepared in a geographic information system (GIS) environment to obtain pollution potential indexes based on the hydo-geological paramaters and consumption of nitrogenous fertilizers. The model was calibrated by using the data from first four years of the study period. In the calibration process, the assigned weights were modified to improve the correlation coefficient between model computed values and the observed values. The values of these improved weights for each parameter were used to calculate the regression equation for each block of the study area. These regression equations were then used to validate the model for the next four-years. Statistical analysis (Root Mean Square Error and Average Absolute Error) was carried out to compare the model output with the observed values at different grid cells and found good agreement between different statistical parameters. The modified weights can be used for future estimation of nitrate as well as any other pollutants of the groundwater in the areas of similar conditions.

REFERENCES

  1. Aller L, Bennet T, Lether J H, Petty R J and Hackett G (1985). DRASTIC: A standardized system for evaluating ground water pollution potential using hydrogeological settings. EPA 600/2-87-035:1-163.
  2. Babiker IS, Mohamed AAM, Terao H, Kato K, Ohta K (2004). Assessment of groundwater contamination by nitrate leaching from intensive vegetable cultivation using geographical information system. Environ Int. 29 (8) :1009– 17.
  3. Barber C, Bates L E, Barron R, Allison H, Dillon P and Simmers I (1998). Comparison of standardized and region-specific methods for assessment of the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution: a case study in an agricultural catchment. Shallow-groundwater-systems 12: 87-96.
  4. Cavallin, A. and Giuliano G. (1992). A procedure for evaluating aquifer vulnerability on a regional scale using computerized systems, a case study. ITC J, 2:154-158.
  5. Dong L, Zhu Y, Ogura N, Dong L A and Zhu Y M (2002). A modified DRASTIC approach to shallow groundwater vulnerability in the West Lake watershed in Hangzhou, China. Pedosphere. 12(1): 73-80.
  6. Evans B.M. and Myers W.L. (1990). A GIS-based approach to evaluating regional groundwater pollution potential with DRASTIC. J. Soil Water Conserv. 29(7):242-245.
  7. Ibe K.M., Nwankwor G.I., and Onyekuru S.O. (2001). Assessment of ground water vulnerability and its application to the development of protection strategy for the water supply aquifer in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria. Environ. Monitoring Assessment. 67(3): 323-360.
  8. Leone, A, Marucci A, Ripa M.N. and Burattini D. (1999). The use of environmental mapping and management models to define vulnerability and environmental risk RuGeniorale. 62(6): 50-55.
  9. Navulur, K.C.S. and Engel B.A. (2001). Groundwater vulnerability assessment to non-point source nitrate pollution on a regional scale using GIS. Trans. ASAE. 41(6): 1671-1678.
  10. Riparbelli C, Ferioli A, Azimonti G, Regidore C, Battipede G. and Maroni M. (1996). Impact of pesticides to groundwater resources in an alluvial plain using a geographical information system. Central European J. Public Health. 4(1): 21-24.
  11. Secunda S, Collin M L and Melloul A J (1998). Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a composite model combining DRASTIC with extensive agricultural land use in Israel’s Sharon region. J. Environm. Management. 54 : 39-57.
  12. Vasan D.T. and Karmegam M. (2001). Aquifer vulnerability assessment using analytic hierarchy process and GIS for Upper Polar watershed. Paper presented at the 22nd Asian Conference on Remote Sensing. 5-9.
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    volume 31 issue 3 (september 2011) : 167 - 172

    CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT MODEL DRASTIC FOR LUDHIANA, PUNJAB

    R
    Ram Naresh
    A
    A K Jain
    S
    Sanjay Kumar
    1Deptt. of Soil & Water Engg., Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Naresh Ram, Jain K A, Kumar Sanjay (2025). CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTION VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT MODEL DRASTIC FOR LUDHIANA, PUNJAB. Agricultural Science Digest. 31(3): 167 - 172. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    A Point Count System Model, DRASTIC, of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was used to assess the vulnerability of groundwater from non-point source pollution for Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. Thematic maps of seven parameters of the model i.e. depth of water table, recharge, aquifer media, soil, topography, impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity were prepared in a geographic information system (GIS) environment to obtain pollution potential indexes based on the hydo-geological paramaters and consumption of nitrogenous fertilizers. The model was calibrated by using the data from first four years of the study period. In the calibration process, the assigned weights were modified to improve the correlation coefficient between model computed values and the observed values. The values of these improved weights for each parameter were used to calculate the regression equation for each block of the study area. These regression equations were then used to validate the model for the next four-years. Statistical analysis (Root Mean Square Error and Average Absolute Error) was carried out to compare the model output with the observed values at different grid cells and found good agreement between different statistical parameters. The modified weights can be used for future estimation of nitrate as well as any other pollutants of the groundwater in the areas of similar conditions.

    REFERENCES

    1. Aller L, Bennet T, Lether J H, Petty R J and Hackett G (1985). DRASTIC: A standardized system for evaluating ground water pollution potential using hydrogeological settings. EPA 600/2-87-035:1-163.
    2. Babiker IS, Mohamed AAM, Terao H, Kato K, Ohta K (2004). Assessment of groundwater contamination by nitrate leaching from intensive vegetable cultivation using geographical information system. Environ Int. 29 (8) :1009– 17.
    3. Barber C, Bates L E, Barron R, Allison H, Dillon P and Simmers I (1998). Comparison of standardized and region-specific methods for assessment of the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution: a case study in an agricultural catchment. Shallow-groundwater-systems 12: 87-96.
    4. Cavallin, A. and Giuliano G. (1992). A procedure for evaluating aquifer vulnerability on a regional scale using computerized systems, a case study. ITC J, 2:154-158.
    5. Dong L, Zhu Y, Ogura N, Dong L A and Zhu Y M (2002). A modified DRASTIC approach to shallow groundwater vulnerability in the West Lake watershed in Hangzhou, China. Pedosphere. 12(1): 73-80.
    6. Evans B.M. and Myers W.L. (1990). A GIS-based approach to evaluating regional groundwater pollution potential with DRASTIC. J. Soil Water Conserv. 29(7):242-245.
    7. Ibe K.M., Nwankwor G.I., and Onyekuru S.O. (2001). Assessment of ground water vulnerability and its application to the development of protection strategy for the water supply aquifer in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria. Environ. Monitoring Assessment. 67(3): 323-360.
    8. Leone, A, Marucci A, Ripa M.N. and Burattini D. (1999). The use of environmental mapping and management models to define vulnerability and environmental risk RuGeniorale. 62(6): 50-55.
    9. Navulur, K.C.S. and Engel B.A. (2001). Groundwater vulnerability assessment to non-point source nitrate pollution on a regional scale using GIS. Trans. ASAE. 41(6): 1671-1678.
    10. Riparbelli C, Ferioli A, Azimonti G, Regidore C, Battipede G. and Maroni M. (1996). Impact of pesticides to groundwater resources in an alluvial plain using a geographical information system. Central European J. Public Health. 4(1): 21-24.
    11. Secunda S, Collin M L and Melloul A J (1998). Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a composite model combining DRASTIC with extensive agricultural land use in Israel’s Sharon region. J. Environm. Management. 54 : 39-57.
    12. Vasan D.T. and Karmegam M. (2001). Aquifer vulnerability assessment using analytic hierarchy process and GIS for Upper Polar watershed. Paper presented at the 22nd Asian Conference on Remote Sensing. 5-9.
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