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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 39 issue 1 (march 2019) : 75-78,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.A-5161

Analysis of impact of anaerobic condition on the aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus Speare 

M
Maneesh Kumar
H
Harish Kumar
R
Roshan Kamal Topno
J
Jainendra Kumar
1Department of Biotechnology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya-824 234, Bihar, India.
Cite article:- Kumar Maneesh, Kumar Harish, Topno Kamal Roshan, Kumar Jainendra (2019). Analysis of impact of anaerobic condition on the aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus Speare. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(1): 75-78. doi: 10.18805/ag.A-5161.

ABSTRACT

Aflatoxins are the natural carcinogens that are the best characterized as fungal secondary metabolites. The producers that are responsible for aflatoxin biosynthesis are strongly associated in toxic contamination of essential agricultural products. Aspergillus parasiticus is an exclusive fungus that participates in causing hepatic problems in humans and cattle. These mycotoxins are greatly influenced by abiotic stresses. The fungal growth, proliferation and its toxigenicity are highly influenced by these stresses. Present study aimed to restrict the mycelial growth and to prevent aflatoxin preparation in A. parasiticus under the anoxic stress. The monosporic strains of A. parasiticus were grown in two different Erlenmeyer conical flasks containing Czapek Dox Broth and Czapek Dox Agar under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The anoxic condition was maintained using Anaero Bag System. Aflatoxin was isolated after 10 days, and quantitative estimation was done by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The experimental outcome showed that there was a drastic decrease in both the morphological growth and the aflatoxin biosynthesis of A. parasiticus in anoxic state.

REFERENCES

  1. Choudhury D, Dobhal P, Srivastava S, Saha S, Kundu S. (2018). Role of botanical plant extracts to control plant pathogens-A review. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4):341-6. 
  2. Frisvad, J.C., Hubka, V., Ezekiel C.N., Hong, S.B., Nováková, A., Chen, A.J., et al., (2019). Taxonomy of Aspergillus section Flavi and their production of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and other mycotoxins. Studies in Mycology, 93:1-63. 
  3. Kumar M, Topno RK, Kumar H, Kumar J. (2018a). Biological conversion of Carcinogenic Aflatoxin B1 to AFB1-8, 9-exo-epoxide and its potential prevention. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 5(4): 935-946.
  4. Kumar M, Sahoo G, Topno R, Pandey K, Ravidas V, Dikhit M, Kumar H, Das P. (2018b). Molecular interaction of antifungal compounds with fungal type I Polyketide synthase and preventing hepatocarcinogenesis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 73:285. 
  5. Kumar, M., Rana, S., Kumar, H., Kumar, J., Mansuri, R., Sahoo G.C. (2017a). Inhibition of Product Template (PT) domain of aflatoxin producing polyketide synthase enzyme of Aspergillus parasiticus. Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 14(7), 811-818. 
  6. Kumar, M., Kumar, H., Kumar, S., Kumar, K., Jha, S., Kumar, S. (2017b). Inhibitory effect of the acetone extract of maize leaves on the mycelial growth of Aspergillus parasiticus along with its aflatoxins production. International Journal of Advanced Research, 5 (11). 751-757. 
  7. Kumar, M., Rana, S., Kumar, H., Kumar, P., Dikhit, M.R., Mansuri, R., Kumar, J., Sahoo, G.C. (2017c). Computational, structural and functional aspects of hypothetical protein of Aspergillus flavus Pheromone Receptor Pre-A (PRP-A). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 7(07), 089-097. 
  8. Pande R, and Mishra HN. (2008). Efficacy of non formulated entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana) to control the storage insect pests of green gram (Vigna radiata) seeds. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(3):295-9.
  9. Rajarajan, P., Rajasekaran, K., Devi, N. (2013). Isolation and Quantification of Aflatoxin from Aspergillus flavus Infected Stored Peanuts. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 1(4): 76-80.
  10. Ross, R.K., Yu, M.C., Henderson, B.E., Yuan, J.M., Qian, G.S., Tu, J.T., et al., (1992). Urinary aflatoxin biomarkers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The Lancet, 339(8799), 943-946.
  11. Singh, R., Rai, T.S., Sharma, N.S., Arora, A.K., Kaur, P. (2017). Evaluation of a Real time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detectionof aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin producing strains of Aspergillus spp. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 51(4):676-8. 
  12. Wang F, Shu G, Peng X, Fang J, Chen K, Cui H, Chen Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Geng Y, Lai W. (2013). Protective effects of sodium selenite against aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in broiler spleen. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 10(7):2834-44. 
  13. Webster, J. and Weber, R. (2007). Introduction to fungi., Cambridge University Press.
  14. Yoshikawa, Y., Nawata, T., Goto, M., Kondo, Y. (1982). Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc, Oxygen indicator adapted for printing or coating and oxygen-indicating device. U.S. Patent 4, 349, 509 .
  15. Youssef, N.H., Couger, M.B., Struchtemeyer, C.G., Liggenstoffer, A.S., Prade, R.A., Najar, F.Z., Atiyeh, H.K., Wilkins, M.R., Elshahed, M.S. (2013). The genome of the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces sp. strain C1A reveals the unique evolutionary history of a remarkable plant biomass degrader. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 79(15), 4620-4634. 
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    Research Article

    volume 39 issue 1 (march 2019) : 75-78,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.A-5161

    Analysis of impact of anaerobic condition on the aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus Speare 

    M
    Maneesh Kumar
    H
    Harish Kumar
    R
    Roshan Kamal Topno
    J
    Jainendra Kumar
    1Department of Biotechnology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya-824 234, Bihar, India.
    Cite article:- Kumar Maneesh, Kumar Harish, Topno Kamal Roshan, Kumar Jainendra (2019). Analysis of impact of anaerobic condition on the aflatoxin production in Aspergillus parasiticus Speare. Agricultural Science Digest. 39(1): 75-78. doi: 10.18805/ag.A-5161.

    ABSTRACT

    Aflatoxins are the natural carcinogens that are the best characterized as fungal secondary metabolites. The producers that are responsible for aflatoxin biosynthesis are strongly associated in toxic contamination of essential agricultural products. Aspergillus parasiticus is an exclusive fungus that participates in causing hepatic problems in humans and cattle. These mycotoxins are greatly influenced by abiotic stresses. The fungal growth, proliferation and its toxigenicity are highly influenced by these stresses. Present study aimed to restrict the mycelial growth and to prevent aflatoxin preparation in A. parasiticus under the anoxic stress. The monosporic strains of A. parasiticus were grown in two different Erlenmeyer conical flasks containing Czapek Dox Broth and Czapek Dox Agar under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The anoxic condition was maintained using Anaero Bag System. Aflatoxin was isolated after 10 days, and quantitative estimation was done by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The experimental outcome showed that there was a drastic decrease in both the morphological growth and the aflatoxin biosynthesis of A. parasiticus in anoxic state.

    REFERENCES

    1. Choudhury D, Dobhal P, Srivastava S, Saha S, Kundu S. (2018). Role of botanical plant extracts to control plant pathogens-A review. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4):341-6. 
    2. Frisvad, J.C., Hubka, V., Ezekiel C.N., Hong, S.B., Nováková, A., Chen, A.J., et al., (2019). Taxonomy of Aspergillus section Flavi and their production of aflatoxins, ochratoxins and other mycotoxins. Studies in Mycology, 93:1-63. 
    3. Kumar M, Topno RK, Kumar H, Kumar J. (2018a). Biological conversion of Carcinogenic Aflatoxin B1 to AFB1-8, 9-exo-epoxide and its potential prevention. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 5(4): 935-946.
    4. Kumar M, Sahoo G, Topno R, Pandey K, Ravidas V, Dikhit M, Kumar H, Das P. (2018b). Molecular interaction of antifungal compounds with fungal type I Polyketide synthase and preventing hepatocarcinogenesis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 73:285. 
    5. Kumar, M., Rana, S., Kumar, H., Kumar, J., Mansuri, R., Sahoo G.C. (2017a). Inhibition of Product Template (PT) domain of aflatoxin producing polyketide synthase enzyme of Aspergillus parasiticus. Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 14(7), 811-818. 
    6. Kumar, M., Kumar, H., Kumar, S., Kumar, K., Jha, S., Kumar, S. (2017b). Inhibitory effect of the acetone extract of maize leaves on the mycelial growth of Aspergillus parasiticus along with its aflatoxins production. International Journal of Advanced Research, 5 (11). 751-757. 
    7. Kumar, M., Rana, S., Kumar, H., Kumar, P., Dikhit, M.R., Mansuri, R., Kumar, J., Sahoo, G.C. (2017c). Computational, structural and functional aspects of hypothetical protein of Aspergillus flavus Pheromone Receptor Pre-A (PRP-A). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 7(07), 089-097. 
    8. Pande R, and Mishra HN. (2008). Efficacy of non formulated entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana) to control the storage insect pests of green gram (Vigna radiata) seeds. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(3):295-9.
    9. Rajarajan, P., Rajasekaran, K., Devi, N. (2013). Isolation and Quantification of Aflatoxin from Aspergillus flavus Infected Stored Peanuts. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 1(4): 76-80.
    10. Ross, R.K., Yu, M.C., Henderson, B.E., Yuan, J.M., Qian, G.S., Tu, J.T., et al., (1992). Urinary aflatoxin biomarkers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The Lancet, 339(8799), 943-946.
    11. Singh, R., Rai, T.S., Sharma, N.S., Arora, A.K., Kaur, P. (2017). Evaluation of a Real time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detectionof aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin producing strains of Aspergillus spp. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 51(4):676-8. 
    12. Wang F, Shu G, Peng X, Fang J, Chen K, Cui H, Chen Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Geng Y, Lai W. (2013). Protective effects of sodium selenite against aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in broiler spleen. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 10(7):2834-44. 
    13. Webster, J. and Weber, R. (2007). Introduction to fungi., Cambridge University Press.
    14. Yoshikawa, Y., Nawata, T., Goto, M., Kondo, Y. (1982). Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co Inc, Oxygen indicator adapted for printing or coating and oxygen-indicating device. U.S. Patent 4, 349, 509 .
    15. Youssef, N.H., Couger, M.B., Struchtemeyer, C.G., Liggenstoffer, A.S., Prade, R.A., Najar, F.Z., Atiyeh, H.K., Wilkins, M.R., Elshahed, M.S. (2013). The genome of the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces sp. strain C1A reveals the unique evolutionary history of a remarkable plant biomass degrader. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 79(15), 4620-4634. 
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