<div>Eighteen animals with various surgical conditions were divided into three groups of six animals each. Group I received ropivacaine (0.75%) @ 0.25 mg/kg b.wt at sacrococcygeal space. Group II animals received ropivacaine (0.75%) @ 0.25 mg/kg b.wt and dexmedetomidine at 5 &micro;g/kg b.wt in the sacrococcygeal space. Group III animals received ropivacaine (0.75%) @ 0.25 mg/kg b.wt and clonidine @ 2 &micro;g/kg b.wt at sacrococcygeal space. The fastest onset of analgesia was produced by ropivacaine-dexmedetomidine combination followed by ropivacaine-clonidine. RT showed non significant decrease in all groups during post epidural analgesia. A non significant increase in RR was observed in cattle following ropivacaine and ropivacaine-clonidine epidural analgesia. Where as a non significant fall in RR was noticed during ropivacaine-dexmedetomidine combination. A non significant increase in HR was recorded after epidural administration of ropivacaine in group I animals. Whereas group II and III animals showed a non significant decrease in HR throughout the period of study. ECG studies did not reveal any abnormalities except sinus arrhymia in all animals. In group I and III non significant increase in Hb and PCV was observed in the present study. Non significant decrease in Hb and PCV values were recorded in animals subjected to ropivacaine-dexmedetomidine analgesia. A non significant increase in AST, ALT was noticed in all groups of animals. The study suggests that dexmedetomidine is a better adjuvant than clonidine in epidural analgesia as far as cardio-respiratory and Haemato-biochemical parameters are concerned.&nbsp;</div>


<div>Comparative evaluation of ropivacaine, ropivacaine- dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine &ndash; clonidine combinations for epidural analgesia in cattle</div>


<div><strong>Background:</strong> Laparotomy procedure involving caesarean sections, spaying and hernia correction are common in swine. But these animals are not receiving good standard perioperative as well as post-operative care and analgesia. The purpose of this study was to introduce an effective treatment method for the management of surgery related pain in pigs.<br />
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<strong>Methods:</strong> Study was conducted in 18 clinical cases of pigs operated for the correction of either umbilical or ventral hernia. The animals were randomly divided into three groups. All the animals were premedicated with meloxicam and anaesthesia was induced and maintained with diazepam-ketamine combination. Intraperitoneal administration of ropivacaine or ropivacaine with dexmedetomidine or normal saline was given in the treatment groups. The animals were observed till 24 hours for the recording of clinical parameters such as time for induction, depth of anaesthesia, perioperative analgesia, muscle relaxation, quality of recovery, recovery time, post-operative analgesia and physiological parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and blood pressure.&nbsp;<br />
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<strong>Result: </strong>Enhanced intraoperative and postoperative analgesia was observed following intraperitoneal infusion of ropivacaine and ropivacaine-dexmedetomidine combination in pigs. Clinical and cardio-respiratory changes were within the physiological limit after intraperitoneal administration of the drugs.</div>


Comparative evaluation of ropivacaine, ropivacaine- dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine – clonidine combinations for epidural analgesia in cattle

A Study on Intra-operative and Post-operative Analgesia with Intraperitoneal Ropivacaine and Dexmedetomidine in Pigs

Comparative evaluation of ropivacaine, ropivacaine- dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine – clonidine combinations for epidural analgesia in cattle

​A Study on Intra-operative and Post-operative Analgesia with Intraperitoneal Ropivacaine and Dexmedetomidine in Pigs

A Study on Intra-operative and Post-operative Analgesia with Intraperitoneal Ropivacaine and Dexmedetomidine in Pigs