Background: The nutrient management practices are largely known to influence dry matter accumulation and translocation in rice. However, the role of precision nutrient management in dry matter partitioning to the reproductive parts of rice is still unexplored.

Methods: The present trial was conducted during boro season of 2021-22 at PG Experimental Farm, MSSSoA, CUTM, Odisha. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 11treatments that were replicated thrice. The treatments examined under the investigation were namely, absolute control, 75% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), 100% RDF, 125% RDF, 75% RDF fb nano urea spray @ 2ml/L at panicle initiation, 100% RDF fb nano urea spray @ 2ml/L at panicle initiation, leaf colour chart (LCC) 3 basednitrogen management, LCC 4 based nitrogen management, sufficiency Index (SI)-based N management at a threshold value less than 90%, Nutrient expert (NE) based nutrient recommendation, Rice crop manager (RCM) based nutrient recommendation.

Result: The results of the study indicated that SI-based N management at a threshold value less than 90% results in highest allocation, shoot dry matter to the panicle (53.46%); while, absolute control of nutrients resulted in highest percentage allocation of shoot dry matter to culm (23.72%) and leaves (33.88%) during maturity.

Influence of Precision Nutrient Management on Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioning of Rice in Southern Odisha

Background: Despite the emergence of numerous smart tools in recent times, a significant research gap still exists in identifying the most effective smart tool that optimally synchronizes fertilizer application with crop requirements, thereby promoting crop growth and productivity in accordance with the principles of SSNM.

Methods: The present investigation took place at the PG Experimental Farm, MSSSoA, CUTM, Odisha, during the boro season of 2021-22.The experiment followed a randomized block design, with eleven treatments that were replicated three times. The investigated treatments included the following: T1-absolute control (no fertilizer), T2-75% of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), T3-100% RDF, T4-125% RDF, T5-75% RDF followed by a spray of nano urea at a rate of 2ml/L during panicle initiation, T6-100% RDF followed by a spray of nano urea at a rate of 2ml/L during panicle initiation, T7- leaf colour chart (LCC) 3 based nitrogen management,, T8-LCC 4 based nitrogen management, T9- Sufficiency Index (SI)-based nitrogen management at SI&lt;90%, T10- Nutrient expert (NE)-based nutrient recommendation, and T11- Rice crop manager (RCM)-based nutrient recommendation.

Result: The study found that implementing nitrogen management based on site-specific information, using a total of 150 kg of nitrogen per hectare applied in four separate applications (at the basal stage, 28 days after transplanting, 42 days after transplanting, and 63 days after transplanting), along with consistent levels of phosphorus and potassium, led to a 16.68% increase in grain yield and a 13.17% increase in biological yield for rice. This approach outperformed the traditional method of applying 100% recommended dose of fertilizer with 120 kg of nitrogen at fixed time intervals (basal, active tillering, and panicle initiation).

Impact of Precision Nutrient Management on Rice Growth and Productivity in Southern Odisha

Background: Cereal-legume intercropping is an age-old practice in most of the countries. Among the major cereals, maize is a better choice to include in legume intercropping due to its morphology and wider row spacing. Therefore, legume intercropping in consort with proper nutrient management can enhance overall productivity of the system, further improving crop diversification, nutritional security and agriculture sustainability. Considering these aspects, the present study was performed to examine the growth and productivity of maize as influenced by precision nutrient management and cowpea intercropping.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: The present study was carried out during rabi season of 2022-23 at P. G. Research Farm of M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Odisha, India. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with five intercropping combinations and five nutrient management treatments. All the treatments were replicated thrice. The plot size maintained was 5.0 m x 4.8 m. In case of maize and cowpea, high yielding hybrid &lsquo;JKMH 4510&rsquo; and &lsquo;KBC 9&rsquo; variety were taken for the study, respectively. 
 
Result: The results revealed that the growth parameters were significantly affected by intercropping ratios and nutrient management treatments. Although the yield attributes of maize were differed non significantly among the intercropping treatments but were significantly influenced by the nutrient treatments. In case of grain yield of maize, the Green Seeker-based nutrient management gave highest value with cowpea intercropping ratio of 1:1 and 2:2. LER and ATER were greater than unity, which indicated that the intercropping was advantageous. However, the maximum LER and Area Time Equivalent Ratio (ATER) were obtained from C3 (M+C 1:2) with 140:70:70 kg N, P2O5, K2O/ha, respectively. The study concluded that intercropping of maize + cowpea in 1:2 row ratio with Green Seeker-based nutrient management were advantageous over pure stand of maize fertilised with conventional nutrient management.

Growth and Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Precision Nutrient Management and Intercropping Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under Hot and Sub-humid Region of Odisha

<div>Background: A field experiment was conducted during two consecutive Rabi (winter) seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India to assess the impact of wheat varieties and integrated nutrient management practices on nutrient content and uptake and soil nutrient status. The soil of the experimental plot was loamy sand in texture, low in organic carbon (0.24%), available nitrogen (159 kg/ha) and Zn (0.41 mg/kg), medium in available phosphorus (38.90 kg/ha) and high in available potash (287 kg/ha). 
 
Methods: Experiment was laid out in a Factorial RBD with three replications, consist of four wheat varieties viz. GW 273, GW 322, GW 451 and GW 496 and six integrated nutrient management (INM) practices viz. control, 100% RDF, 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB, 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB, 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB + ZnSO4 and 50% RDF + 25% N through FYM + Azotobacter + PSB + ZnSO4.&nbsp; 
 
Result: The pooled results indicated that uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by grain and straw, grain yield and straw yield were found higher with wheat variety GW 451 as compared to other wheat varieties. Nutrient content in grain and straw was not significantly affected by different wheat varieties. Among nutrient management practices, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, uptake, grain yield and straw of wheat were significantly higher under application of 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB. Further, result revealed that different wheat varieties did not bring any significant variation in available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and organic carbon content in soil. Moreover, highest available nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was recorded with the application of 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB. However, significantly higher organic carbon and zinc content in soil was observed under 50% RDF + 25% N through FYM + Azotobacter + PSB +ZnSO4.</div>

Effect of Wheat Varieties and Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on Nutrient Content, Uptake and Soil Nutrient Status

<div>Background: Nitrogenous fertilizers being very expensive, farmers can&rsquo;t come up with the money for them in big and it cannot observe in wasteful way. At the identical time, crop should not suffer from the deficiency of nitrogen. Proper time of N utility is important to limit N loss and increases restoration; it&rsquo;s far commonly determined that farmer tend to apply more nitrogen fertilizer than needed mainly because of its immediately seen effect on plant boom and leaf color. 
 
Methods: Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of methods of sowing and nutrient management on productivity of maize during season of 2018 and 2019 on sandy loam soil at Amritsar. The soil was neutral (pH- 7.6) and it was low in Nitrogen (154 kg N/ha) and medium in phosphorus (24 kg P2O5/ha) and high in potassium (328 kg K2O/ha). The experiment consisted three methods of sowing i.e. Zero, Flat and Ridge sowing of maize and five levels of fertilizer i.e., No = control, Nrec = recommendation (125:60:30), NLCC4 (90:60:30), NLCC5 (120:60:30) and NLCC6 (150:60:30) with split N application on basis of LCC, thus making fifteen treatment combinations, which were replicated thrice and was laid out in Split pot design (SPD).&nbsp; 
 
Result: Higher grain yield (39.43 q ha-1) was obtained from ridge planting followed by (36.27 q ha-1) in planting method Zero tillage.The result indicated that different schedules of fertilizer expressed significant effect on maize grain yield and quality. It was found that the application of split N on the basis of LCC gave highest yield. The application of nutrient nitrogen used more efficiently by the NLCC4 in maize it may be due to less losses of nitrogen by application through leaf color chart shade 4. The gross return, net return and Benefit: cost ratio indicated that the application of nutrients on basis of LCC5 proved economically more remunerative.</div>

Precision Nutrient Management through LCC in kharif Maize (Zea mays L.)

Background: Pulses, endowed with unique ability of nitrogen fixation constitute an important component of crop diversification and resource conservation in farming systems. Green gram [Vigna radiate],&nbsp; a drought resistant crop, is one of the thirteen food legumes grown in India and the third most important pulse crop after chickpea and pigeon pea It is a protein rich staple food which contains about 25 per cent protein and plays a crucial role in enhancing soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation.&nbsp;Sodic soils typically exhibit poor nutrient availability as essential cations are displaced by sodium ions. They significantly influence green gram productivity, posing challenges to its sustainability, with the potential for sodification extending into subsoil layers, impeding plant root development and requiring remedial action.&nbsp;Appropriate land configuration and nutrient management could mitigating the challenges posed by sodic soils for pulse crops. Understanding the effects of land configuration and nutrient management on its growth, yield andeconomic viability is vital for sustainable agriculture. Keeping this in view, the field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different land configuration and nutrient management for their impact on plant height, dry matter production, grain yield, haulm yield, net income andBenefit Cost ratio with nutrient uptake under sodic condition. 
 
Methods: The land configuration factor consists of the three treatments viz., flat bed, ridges and furrows and broad bed furrow system. The second factor nutrient management comprising of five treatments like 100% RDF + 1% DAP, 100% RDF + 1% MAP, 75% RDF + 2% MAP, 100% RDF + 1% MKP, 75% RDF + 2% MKP. The RDF for green gram was 25 kg N + 50 kg P2O5 + 25 kg K2O per hectare. 
 
Result: Higher plant height, dry matter production, grain and haulm yield, protein yield, economic and nutrient uptake was recorded in broad bed furrow over farmer&rsquo;s practice of flatbed method. N 4 - 100% RDF + 1% MKP&nbsp; foliar spray twice at (plant height, dry matter production, grain and haulm yield, protein yield, economic and nutrient uptake) were observed than farmer&rsquo;s practice. Hence, Broad bed furrow and nutrient management practice of 100% RDF + 1% MKP has the potential to enhance the productivity green gram under sodic condition.

Land Configuration and Nutrient Management on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Green Gram under Sodic Soil

<div>Background: The excessive usage of chemical fertilizers and the negligence on soil health regarding the conservation and use of organic sources of nutrients have not only caused the exhaustion of soil nutrient reserves but also resulted in soil health problems which is not conducive to achieving consistent increase in agricultural production. The beneficial influence of organic matter on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil is well known, the full appreciation of the same remains which is unfortunately ignored in modern agriculture. The regular recycling of organic wastes in the soil is the most efficient method of maintaining optimum nutrient reserves of soil and nutrient uptake by the plant. The Present Study was conducted to evaluate the nutrient status of soil under integrated usage of organic and inorganic sources. 
 
Methods: A field experiment entitled &ldquo;Nutrient Management Interventions in Rice-Ragi Sequence&rdquo; was conducted during kharif and rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 on sandy loam soil of the Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla. The seven treatments consisted of T1: 100% RDF (100-60-40 kg N-P-K ha-1); T2: 100% RDF + Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1; T3: 125% RDF+Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1; T4: 75% RDF + Poultrymanure&nbsp; @ 0.82 t ha-1 + Soil application of ZnSO4 50 kg ha-1; T5: 75% RDF + FYM @ 5.0 t ha-1 + Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1; T6:50% RDF + Poultrymanure @ 1.6 t ha-1 + Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1 and T7: 50% RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1 + Soil application of ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1. The experiment was laidout in randomized block design with seven treatments and replicated thrice during kharif rice and in rabi each kharif treatment was subdivided into four sub treatments (S1: Nofertilizer, S2: 100% RDF, S3:75% RDF and S4:50% RDF) and hence, The split plot design was adopted in rabi. Total No.of plots per each replication in the rabi was 28 (7x4=28).&nbsp; 
 
Result: Nutrient content and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc have increased significantly with the fertility levels and organics. 50% RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1 + ZnSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1 recorded the highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc contents and uptakes in grain and straw of rice. In no till rabi ragi, N, P, K, Zn and calcium content and uptake in grain and straw were found to be significantly superior with 100% RDF (S2) to the rest of the treatments in both the years and in pooled data.</div>

Effect of Nutrient Management Interventions on Nutrient Uptake of Rice-zero Till Ragi under Coastal Lands

<div>Background: Cropping system approach has gained importance in agriculture and relative enterprises. In agriculture, management practices are usually formulated for individual crops. However, farmers are cultivating different crops in different seasons based on their adaptability to a particular season, domestic needs and profitability, therefore production technologies should be developed keeping in view&nbsp; of crops grown in a sequence in a year or more than one year depending on the crop duration. The current study aims in application of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers which are essential to raise the crop yield. Rhizobium has an enormous potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen. PSB solubilize the unavailable bound phosphates of the soil and make them available to plants which increase overall plant growth resulting in 10 to 15% increase in yield. 
 
Methods: A field experiment was conducted during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari. The treatment consisted of five treatment of integrated nutrient management to chickpea in rabi season as main plot treatments replicated four times in randomized block design. During summer season each main plot treatment was split into four sub plot treatments with different levels of RDF to fodder maize resulting in twenty treatment combinations replicated four times in split plot design.&nbsp; 
 
Result: Application of 100% RDF+Rhizobium+PSB (T3) to chickpea recorded significantly higher almost all the growth attributes, yield attributes and yield, nutrient uptake, protein content and yield as well as available nutrient status in soil being remained at par with 100% RDF (T1) and 75% RDF+Rhizobium+PSB (T4). while economics was remarkably improved due to inorganic fertilizers as well as combination of inorganic fertilizers with Rhizobium+PSB to chickpea and 100% RDF (S1) to summer fodder maize significantly highest all growth and yield attributes, available nutrient status of soil and economics.</div>

Productivity, Profitability and Nutrient Status of Soil as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management in Chickpea-fodder Maize Cropping Sequence

<div>Background: Sustainable maize (Zea mays L.) production demands nutrient management strategies that not only boost crop production but also maintain the soil health. Integrated nutrient management (INM), combining both organic and inorganic nutrient sources, plays a vital role in achieving these goals. 
 
Methods: A field experiment was conducted during the both Kharif (2024) and Rabi (2024-2025) seasons at Experimental Farm of School of Agriculture, SR University, Warangal, Telangana, India. The study was conducted in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications and eight treatments viz: T1- Control, T2- 100% RDF, T3- 100% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-&sup1;, T4- 100% RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-&sup1;, T5- 100% RDF + pressmud @ 12.5 t ha-&sup1;, T6- 75% RDF + vermicompost @ 5 t ha-&sup1;, T7- 75% RDF + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-&sup1; and T8- 75% RDF + pressmud @ 12.5 t ha-&sup1;. 
 
Result: Among the INM treatments, 100% RDF combined with poultry manure at 2.5 t ha-1, proved to be the greatest effective in significantly enhancing the growth parameters and physiological indices, including crop growth rate (CGR), absolute growth rate (AGR) and relative growth rate (RGR). This integrated nutrient management approach also led to improved nutrient uptake, superior yield attributes and recorded the highest grain yield (7201.6 kg ha-&sup1;) and stover yield (13,201.1 kg ha-&sup1;). Moreover, it exhibited the highest nitrogen efficiency ratio (211.2 kilogram grain kg-&sup1; N) and economic nitrogen use efficiency (2.2 kilogram grain ₹-&sup1;).</div>

Optimizing Maize Yield and Nutrient Dynamics Through Integrated Nutrient Management in CP 858 Hybrid under Warangal Region of Telangana

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2014 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba). Significant improvement in growth, yield and nutrient uptake was recorded with sole and integrated application of nutrients through chemical fertilizers and biofertilizers. The results showed that application of 50, 75 and 100 % of recommended dose of fertilizer (20 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 /ha) was 21.2, 45.7 and 50.8 % over the control respectively. Association between Rhizobium and phosphate solublising bacteria was synergistic and inoculation of both fertilizers significantly improved the seed yield. Inoculation of Rhizobium, phosphate solublising bacteria and Rhizobium + phosphate solublising bacteria recorded 21.1, 14.1 and 24.7 % higher seed yield than the control respectively. However, the combination of both inoculants further failed to significantly increase the seed and straw yield of clusterbean further.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) under irrigated conditions