<div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Increasing agricultural output can be encouraged by fertilizing, even the greater the fertilizer is given, the higher the yield will be obtained. On the other hand pollinator services to increase agricultural output is also quite large, but this potential has not yet been optimized. Corn plants are monoecious but they are also protandry so pollinator services are needed. This research aims to get optimization of increasing yield of corn by fertilizing and pollination with stingless bees.&nbsp; Methods: The study was carried out at Korong Gadang sub-district, Kuranji District, Padang City at an altitude 20 m above sea level. &nbsp;The experiment comprised of 4 treatments laid out in randomized block design replicated thrice.&nbsp; Result: The results of the study showed a positive influence of doses inorganic fertilization and stingless bee on corn production. There was at an increase in the number of seeds per cob and cobs per plot due to fertilization than the pollination stingless bees. Increased seed production per plot due to fertilizer use ranged between 17.25 to 25.06% compared to organic manures. The pollination process could increase production in the range of 3,98 - 6.66% compared to wind pollination. Thus pollination with Tetragonula laeviceps could help seed yield per ha when accompanied by the application of inorganic fertilizers. The use of organic manures could not meet the nutrient requirement of the crop and hence production was low.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;">Effect of Inorganic Fertilizers and Stingless Bee Pollination on Increasing Productivity of Corn (Zea mays L.)</div>

Background: Snake gourd is a monoecious crop that prefers cross pollination. Snake gourd has a lot of potential for genetic improvement. A large variation can be produced when genetically diverse and geographically distant lines are combined. To examine the genetic diversity and connection between essential agronomic features in snake gourd, multivariate methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used. This study will use multivariate analysis to determine the genetic diversity and link between critical agronomic aspects of snake gourd. 
 
Methods: A total of sixteen genotypes and two varieties of snake gourd genotypes were subjected to boxplot, principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on eleven quantitative traits. Boxplot analysis, Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed using R version of 4.2.1. 
 
Result: Boxplot analysis depicted the frequency distribution of eleven quantitative traits among 18 snake gourd accessions. The overall variation was split into eleven principal components, out of which five major principal components contributed for variability of snake gourd genotypes by exhibiting 90.05 per cent of variability. The squared cosine variables inferred that the traits viz., days to first male flowering, days to first female flowering and days to first harvest contributed more for variability in the first component. The ward D2 method of hierarchical clustering cluster the 16 genotypes and 2 varieties in two clusters based on cluster sum of squares.

Effect of Inorganic Fertilizers and Stingless Bee Pollination on Increasing Productivity of Corn (Zea mays L.)

Unraveling the Relationship between Fruit Yield and Yield Related Components in Snake Gourd Genotypes using Multivariate Analysis