<div style="text-align: justify;">Cotton plays an important role in the national economy in terms of generation of direct and indirect employment in the Agricultural and Industrial sectors. It is traditional and important commercial crop has been in cultivation in India for more than five thousand years. &nbsp;About 74 per cent of the total area and produc&shy;tion of cotton in the country is contributed by four states of Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Punjab. The study revealed that annual growth rate of area was less than the annual growth rate of productivity in Karnataka, which clearly shows that positive annual growth in cotton production was due to increase in productivity rather than increase in area, which was due to the fact that adoption of improved technologies like IPM, IRM, introduction of Bt cotton and low insect pest pressure in major cotton growing tracts has enabled this transformation in production and productivity. Introduction of Bt cotton was the major factor expressed by most of the farmers with a mean score of 67.2. So this factor got assigned first rank because it&rsquo;s giving double yield as compared to the traditional cotton varieties and it&rsquo;s also covers the resistance pest like helicovarpa armizera and other sucking pests.</div>

An economic analysis of augmentational trends in production and productivity in Karnataka: A case of cotton &nbsp;

Background: This study investigated the use of stable isotope ratio analysis to trace the geographical origins of Moroccan dairy products, as well as possible applications to other Moroccan agricultural products. Ten agro-ecological zones with different climates were selected, including the Garb, Middle Atlas, Meknes, Lukos, Agadir, Taroudant, Settat,&nbsp; andCasablanca regions. Milk samples were collected directly from cows on modern&nbsp; andtraditional farms, as well as the water they consumed. 
 
Methods: Analytical methods such as isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS)&nbsp; andthe Piccaro system were used to determine stable isotope ratios in milk&nbsp; andwater samples. Chemometric methods including principal component analysis (PCA)&nbsp; andhierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that stable isotope ratios (H, C, N, O) in milk were highly correlated with environmental factors specific to the region. Three distinct groups emerged, especially for oxygen isotopes, depending on altitude&nbsp; anddistance from the ocean. The &delta;18O composition was particularly distinct, indicating regional differences: northern, low-altitude coastal areas&nbsp; andhigh-altitude inl andareas. 
 
Result: The study also showed that the isotopic composition of milk is influenced by the isotopic composition of drinking water. Nitrogen isotopes, especially &delta;15N, distinguished two groups of milk: one from an area with fertilizer use (low &delta;15N values, intensive agriculture)&nbsp; andanother from an area with moderate agricultural practices (higher &delta;15N values). These results highlight the potential of stable isotope analysis as a tool to verify the geographical origin of dairy products in Morocco.

An economic analysis of augmentational trends in production and productivity in Karnataka: A case of cotton

Stable Isotope Composition in Moroccan Milk: Feed and Water Relationships