Background: A cytochemical and cytoenzymatic study involves using specialized stains to microscopically examine cellular components, including lipids and carbohydrates. 
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Methods: Freshly prepared blood smears from 26 apparently healthy adult ducks were used for cytochemical and cytoenzymatic analysis. The smears were stained with specific and special cytochemical stains, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) for carbohydrates, Sudan Black B for lipids, acid ferrocyanide for non-heme iron and toluidine blue for mucopolysaccharides, as well as cytoenzymatic stains such as b-naphthol acetate esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, b-glucuronidase and peroxidase to assess enzymatic activity. 
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Result: In the White Pekin duck, rare acid ferrocyanide-positive erythrocytes exhibited blue siderocyte granules with cell deformities, while leukocytes and thrombocytes were negative. Basophils strongly reacted to mucopolysaccharides, showing intense violet granules under toluidine blue, whereas other cells were non-reactive. Heterophils exhibited strong PAS positivity for carbohydrates, with eosinophils, erythrocytes and thrombocytes showing moderate positivity. Sudan black B staining revealed strong lipid positivity in eosinophils and heterophils, while other cells were showed negative for same. Cytoenzymatic analysis showed strong acid phosphatase activity in basophils, moderate activity in heterophils and weak activity in eosinophils and lymphocytes. Eosinophils and heterophils also strongly reacted to b-naphthol acetate esterase, with lymphocytes showing weak positivity. Thrombocytes were strongly positive for peroxidase and eosinophils and erythrocytes showed weak activity. Other cells remained non-reactive to b-glucuronidase, alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes, indicating distinct staining patterns across cell types.

Cytochemical and Cytoenzymatic Architectural Properties of the Blood Cells of White Pekin Duck

<div>Background: The cytochemistry and cytoenzymatic profile of the blood cells is an important tool in the hands of clinical veterinary practitioners. It has also applications in various fields of veterinary sciences. Therefore based on its clinical importance present study was conducted on the blood cells of native cattle (Zobawng) of Mizoram to examine the cytochemical and cytoenzymatic characteristics. 
 
Methods: For this study, a total of 12 numbers of blood samples (5 ml) were taken aseptically from adult local cattle of Mizoram, irrespective of sex. The blood smears were prepared and stained with acid ferrocyanide (ACF) for the detection of non-heame iron, toluidine blue (TBO) stain for acid mucopolysaccharides, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain for observation of glycogen and Sudan black B (SBB) stain for demonstration of lipid. Acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), peroxidase (POX), arylsulphatase (ARS), cytochrome oxidase (CYO), beta-glucuronidase (GUSB) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymes were used for cytoenzymatic features of blood cells. The smears were observed under 1000X magnification in an Olympus Trinocular Research microscope. 
 
Result: In the cytochemical studies, basophils showed a positive reaction for mucopolysaccharides in the toluidine blue stain and neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils recorded positive for glycogen in the PAS stain. Eosinophils and basophils also displayed positive for lipids in the SBB stain. The cytoenzymatic studies of eosinophils and basophils recorded positive reactions for ACP, ALP, POX, ARS and CYO activity.</div>

Cytochemical and Cytoenzymatic Architectural Properties of the Blood Cells of White Pekin Duck

Diagnostic Importance of Cytochemical and Cytoenzymatic Patterns of Peripheral Blood Cells in Native Cattle (Zobawng) of Mizoram, India