<div>Background: This study aimed to identify different bacterial isolates incriminated in subclinical endometritis (SCE) in female dromedary using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and to evaluate the efficacy of two protocols to treat this condition.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: Subclinical endometritis was detected in 211 dromedaries using cytological examinations. Two hundred twenty-six microbial isolates were obtained from 185 samples. SCE-females were arbitrarily allocated into two groups; group I received intrauterine infusion of 500 mg cephapirin benzathine (MTC, n=42) and group II infused with intrauterine flushing of povidone iodine 10% (PVP-I, n=67).&nbsp; 
 
Result: The MALDI-TOF MS was able to identify 224/226 (99.1%) bacterial isolates to the genus level and 181/226 (80.1%) were identified to the species level. The most common identified bacterial species were Staphylococcus aureus (32.74%), Corynebacterium sp. (19.03%) and Escherichia coli (18.58). Conception rate did not differ between MTC- and PVP-I-treated groups. However, the first service-conception was higher, numbers of services per conception were fewer and treatment to conception interval was shorter in the MTC than PVP-I group. Based on the present data, it can be concluded that MALDI-TOF is efficient, fast and reliable for the detection and identification of various bacterial agents incriminated in subclinical endometritis in female dromedary. Fertility indices in treated female dromedaries associated with subclinical endometritis favors the use of intrauterine infusion of cephapirin benzathine therapy in the present study.&nbsp;</div>

The Use of Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry for the Identification of the Bacterial Agents Involved in Subclinical Endometritis in Female Dromedary

<div>Background:&nbsp;The prevention and treatment of dairy cow mastitis during the dry period are crucial for the dairy industry. In this work, 200 dairy cows without mastitis and normal entering dry period were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, for the first time, to explore the prevention effects using the different formulations of Cefquinome Sulfate Breast Injection with varied excipients. 
 
Methods:&nbsp;Three formulations with various excipients were further evaluated based on the drug residue analysis, somatic cell reduction in the milk and clinical symptoms of mastitis. In the control group, cloxacillin benzathine was utilized for comparisons. 
 
Result:&nbsp;All three Cefquinome test groups showed a better effect on prevention than the benzathine cloxacillin group in terms of drug release time, post-partum drug residue, reducing somatic cell count and preventing mastitis in the dry period. Various excipients showed slightly different impacts on the drug residues, the changes in somatic cell counts of dairy cows before and after medication. The prevention effects on mastitis from different excipients were similar after 30 d.</div>

​Studies on Cefquinome Sulfate Intramammary Infusion Composited with Varied Excipients for the Prevention of Dairy Cows Mastitis in the Dry Cow Period

The Use of Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry for the Identification of the Bacterial Agents Involved in Subclinical Endometritis in Female Dromedary

​Studies on Cefquinome Sulfate Intramammary Infusion Composited with Varied Excipients for the Prevention of Dairy Cows Mastitis in the Dry Cow Period

Studies on Cefquinome Sulfate Intramammary Infusion Composited with Varied Excipients for the Prevention of Dairy Cows Mastitis in the Dry Cow Period