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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 52 issue 5 (may 2018) : 669-673,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-569

Teratogenic Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus)

S
Safeer Abbas
R
Razia Iqbal
M
Muhammad Zeeshan Butt
S
Sadaf Niaz
S
Sumbal Haleem
S
Sami Ullah
M
Muhammad Umer
A
Ali Irfan
M
Mansour S. Alsaid
R
Riaz Ullah
1Department of Pharmacgnosy and (Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre), College of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Cite article:- Abbas Safeer, Iqbal Razia, Butt Zeeshan Muhammad, Niaz Sadaf, Haleem Sumbal, Ullah Sami, Umer Muhammad, Irfan Ali, Alsaid S. Mansour, Ullah Riaz (2017). Teratogenic Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(5): 669-673. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-569.

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to assess the teratogenic effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Different doses of commercial Chlorantraniliprole (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5µl/1000µl/egg, in four experimental groups B, C, D, and E respectively) were injected into the yolk sac of eggs before incubation. Embryos were recovered at day 12 of incubation. The mortality rate gradually increased from lower to higher doses. A total of twelve morphometric parameters viz., wet body weight, crown rump length, anterior posterior head diameter, eye diameter, beak length, neck length, humor length, radius and ulna length, metacarpus length, femur length, fibula length and metatarsus length were recorded and compared with control group. These quantitative parameters indicated significant (p<0.05) decreases in all treated groups compared to control group. While the qualitative anomalies such as microcephaly, hydrocephaly, edematous swelling, hematoma formation, abnormal body coloration, microphthalmia, deformed beak, agnathia, micromelia, amelia, omphalocele and ectopia cardis were also observed in treated groups as compared to untreated groups. Therefore it is concluded that Chlorantraniliprole has potentially harmful effects on the development of avian embryos even at very low dose concentration. Hence, due to toxicity of this pesticide it can be used with utmost caution. 

REFERENCES

  1. Ahmad KR, and Asmatullah. (2007).Teratological effects of chlorpyrifos in mice. Iranian Jr.toxicol., 1: 91-99.
  2. Anwar K. 2003. Cypermethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide induces teratological and biochemical changes in young chick embryos. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci.,6(19): 1698-1705.
  3. Asmatullah, Mufti SA, Cheema AM, and Iqbal, J (1993). Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of malthion in mice. Punjab Univ. J. Zool,8: 53-61. 
  4. Bellairs R and Osmond M. (1998). The Atlas of chick Development, Academic Press, New York.
  5. Blankenship AL, Hilscherova KN, Coady KK, Villalbos SA, Kannan K, Powell DC, Bursian SJ and Giesy JP (2003). Mechanism of TCDD-inducedabnormalities and embryo lethality in white leghorn chickens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C.,136: 47-62.
  6. Bontrager O. (2012). Insecticide mode of action. Servi-Tech, Inc., 1-6.
  7. Budai P, Fejes S, Varnagy L, Somlyay IM and Szabo ZK (2003). Teratogenicity test of dimethoate containing insecticides formulation and Cd-sulphate in chicken embryos after administration as a single compound or in combination. Commun. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci., 68(4): 795-798.
  8. Butler H and Juurlink BHJ (1987). An Atlas for staging mammalian and chick embryos, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA.
  9. Cao G, LU Q, Zhang L, Guo F, Liang G, Wua K, Wyckhuys KAG and Guo Y. (2010). Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole to Cry1Ac-    susceptible and resistant strains of Heli coverpa armigera. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,98: 99-103.
  10. Clemedson C, Schmid B and Waluum E 1989. Effects of carbon tetrachloride on embryonic development studied in post implantation rat embryo culture system and in chick embryos in ovo. Toxicol. In vitro.,3: 271-275. 
  11. Cordova D, Benner EA, Sacher MD, Rahu JJ, Sopa JS, Lahm GP, Selby TP, Steneson TM, Dinter A, Brugger KE, Frost NM and Woodward MD. (2009). Chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxpyr): A novel Du Pont TM insecticide with low toxicity and low risk for honey bees (Apis mellifera) and bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) providing excellent tools for uses in integrated pest management. Du Pont. Hazards of pesticides to bees–10thInternational Symposium of the ICP-Bee Protection Group, Julius-    Kühn-Archiv 423.
  12. Ghafoor A, Badar H, Hussain M and Tariq N. (2010). An empirical estimation of the factors affecting the demand and supply of poultry meat. Pak.Vet. J.,30(3): 172-174.
  13. Jelink R. (1977). Use of chick embryos in screening for embryo toxicity. Teratog Carcingo Mutagen.2(3-4): 255-261.
  14. Kraggerud A, Abdellaue A, Lindberg V, Mehl A, Nesbakken S, Haraldsen T, Randall M and Spikkerud E. (2010). Evaluation of the plant protection product Coragen 20SC–chlorantraniliprole, Regard application for authorization, Mattilsynet, The Norwegian Food Safety Authority, National Registration Section, 1-22.
  15. Kumaresa A, Bujarbarun KM, Pathak KA, Chhetri B, Ahmad SK and Haunshi S. (2008). Analysis of a village chicken production system and performance of improved dual purpose chickens under a sub-tropical hill agro-ecosystem in India. Trop. Anim. Health prod., 40:395-402.
  16. Lahm GP, Selby T.P, Freudenberger J.H, Stevenson T.M, Myers B.J, Seburyamo G. Smith BK, Flexner L, Clark CE and Cordova D. (2005). Insecticidal anthranilic diamides: a new class of potent ryanodine receptor activators. Bioorgnic Medic. Chem. Lett., 15: 4898–4906.
  17. Lahm G.P, Stevenson TM, Selby TP, Freudenberger JH, Cordova D, Flexner L, Bellin CA, Dubas CM, Smith BK, Hughes KA, Hillongshaus JG, Clark CE and Benner EA. (2007). RynaxpyrTM: A new insecticidal anthranilic diamide that acts as a potent and selective ryanodine receptor activatior. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters., 17: 6274-6279. 
  18. Lahm GP, Cordova D and Barry JD. (2009). New and selective ryanodine receptor activators for insect control. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry., 17: 4127–4133. 
  19. Larson JL, Redmond C.T and Potter D.A. (2012). Comparative impact of an anthranilic diamide and other insecticidal chemistries on beneûcial invertebrates and ecosystem services in turfgrass. Pest Manag. Sci., 68: 740-748.
  20. Mobarak YM. (2009). Embryoprotective efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) extract against developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of mercuric chloride in the chick. Egypt. J. Zool., 52: 67-91.
  21. Morale A, Coniglio L, Angelini C, Cimoli G. Bolla A and Alleteo D. (1998). Biological effects of neurotoxic pesticide at low concentrations on sea urchin early development: a teratogenic assay. Chemosphere, 37: 3001-3010.
  22. Mufti S.A and Nasim R. (1987). Avian embryo toxicity of dimicron. A commonly used insecticide. Biologia, 33: 617-622.
  23. Nancy B.M, Kathleen RA and Anneta PW. (1994). Thinking of the organophosphate chemical warfare agents GA, GB and VX: implicationfor public protection. Envtal. Health Perap.,102: 1.
  24. Pinakin W, Deshpande SG and Slokhe SG. (2011). Studies on the effect of the insect growth regulators lufenuron on embryogenesis of chick Gallus domesticus (white leghorn strain). Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci.,1: 82-83. 
  25. Pourmirza AA. (2000). Toxic effects of Malathione and Endosulfan on chick embryo. J. Agric. Sci. Tech., 2: 161-166.
  26. Rathnamma VV and Nagaraju B. (2014). Acute toxicity and Histopathological changes in freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to Chlorantraniliprol. The J. of Zool. Stud.,1(4): 23-30.
  27. Sattelle D.B, Cordova D and Chek TR. (2008). Insect ryanodine receptors: molecular targets for novel pest control chemicals. Invert. Neurosci., 8: 107-119.
  28. Sial AA, Brunner JF and Doerr MD. (2010). Susceptibility of Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to two new reduced-    risk insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol.,103: 140-146.
  29. Uggini GK, Patel PV and Balakrishnan S. (2010). Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of pesticides in chick embryos: A comparative study using two commercial formulations. Environmental Toxico.,5: 1-9.
  30. U SEPA. (2008). Pesticide Fact Sheet. Chlorantraniliprole. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (7505P).
  31. Van S.G and Van lousghten M.J. (1971). Neurotoxic effects of the dithiocarbamate tecoram on the chick embryo. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.,19: 675-686.
  32. Varangy L, Budai P, Molnar E, Fuzesi I and Fansci T. (2001). Teratogenicity testing of BI 58 EC (38% dimethoate) in chicken embryos with special respect to degradation of the active ingredient. Acta. Vet. Hung., 49(3):355-361.
  33. Wang XL, LI, XY, Shen, AD and WU, YD. (2010). Baseline susceptibility of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to chlorantraniliprole in China. J. Eco,Entomol.,103: 843-848.
  34. Wei L, Shao W, Ding GH, Fan XL, YU ML and Lin ZH. (2014). Acute and joint toxicity of three agrochemicals to Chinese tiger frog (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles. Zoological Research,35(4): 272"279. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 5 (may 2018) : 669-673,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-569

    Teratogenic Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus)

    S
    Safeer Abbas
    R
    Razia Iqbal
    M
    Muhammad Zeeshan Butt
    S
    Sadaf Niaz
    S
    Sumbal Haleem
    S
    Sami Ullah
    M
    Muhammad Umer
    A
    Ali Irfan
    M
    Mansour S. Alsaid
    R
    Riaz Ullah
    1Department of Pharmacgnosy and (Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre), College of Pharmacy King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
    Cite article:- Abbas Safeer, Iqbal Razia, Butt Zeeshan Muhammad, Niaz Sadaf, Haleem Sumbal, Ullah Sami, Umer Muhammad, Irfan Ali, Alsaid S. Mansour, Ullah Riaz (2017). Teratogenic Effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(5): 669-673. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-569.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study was designed to assess the teratogenic effects of Chlorantraniliprole on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Different doses of commercial Chlorantraniliprole (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5µl/1000µl/egg, in four experimental groups B, C, D, and E respectively) were injected into the yolk sac of eggs before incubation. Embryos were recovered at day 12 of incubation. The mortality rate gradually increased from lower to higher doses. A total of twelve morphometric parameters viz., wet body weight, crown rump length, anterior posterior head diameter, eye diameter, beak length, neck length, humor length, radius and ulna length, metacarpus length, femur length, fibula length and metatarsus length were recorded and compared with control group. These quantitative parameters indicated significant (p<0.05) decreases in all treated groups compared to control group. While the qualitative anomalies such as microcephaly, hydrocephaly, edematous swelling, hematoma formation, abnormal body coloration, microphthalmia, deformed beak, agnathia, micromelia, amelia, omphalocele and ectopia cardis were also observed in treated groups as compared to untreated groups. Therefore it is concluded that Chlorantraniliprole has potentially harmful effects on the development of avian embryos even at very low dose concentration. Hence, due to toxicity of this pesticide it can be used with utmost caution. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Ahmad KR, and Asmatullah. (2007).Teratological effects of chlorpyrifos in mice. Iranian Jr.toxicol., 1: 91-99.
    2. Anwar K. 2003. Cypermethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide induces teratological and biochemical changes in young chick embryos. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci.,6(19): 1698-1705.
    3. Asmatullah, Mufti SA, Cheema AM, and Iqbal, J (1993). Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of malthion in mice. Punjab Univ. J. Zool,8: 53-61. 
    4. Bellairs R and Osmond M. (1998). The Atlas of chick Development, Academic Press, New York.
    5. Blankenship AL, Hilscherova KN, Coady KK, Villalbos SA, Kannan K, Powell DC, Bursian SJ and Giesy JP (2003). Mechanism of TCDD-inducedabnormalities and embryo lethality in white leghorn chickens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C.,136: 47-62.
    6. Bontrager O. (2012). Insecticide mode of action. Servi-Tech, Inc., 1-6.
    7. Budai P, Fejes S, Varnagy L, Somlyay IM and Szabo ZK (2003). Teratogenicity test of dimethoate containing insecticides formulation and Cd-sulphate in chicken embryos after administration as a single compound or in combination. Commun. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci., 68(4): 795-798.
    8. Butler H and Juurlink BHJ (1987). An Atlas for staging mammalian and chick embryos, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA.
    9. Cao G, LU Q, Zhang L, Guo F, Liang G, Wua K, Wyckhuys KAG and Guo Y. (2010). Toxicity of Chlorantraniliprole to Cry1Ac-    susceptible and resistant strains of Heli coverpa armigera. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,98: 99-103.
    10. Clemedson C, Schmid B and Waluum E 1989. Effects of carbon tetrachloride on embryonic development studied in post implantation rat embryo culture system and in chick embryos in ovo. Toxicol. In vitro.,3: 271-275. 
    11. Cordova D, Benner EA, Sacher MD, Rahu JJ, Sopa JS, Lahm GP, Selby TP, Steneson TM, Dinter A, Brugger KE, Frost NM and Woodward MD. (2009). Chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxpyr): A novel Du Pont TM insecticide with low toxicity and low risk for honey bees (Apis mellifera) and bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) providing excellent tools for uses in integrated pest management. Du Pont. Hazards of pesticides to bees–10thInternational Symposium of the ICP-Bee Protection Group, Julius-    Kühn-Archiv 423.
    12. Ghafoor A, Badar H, Hussain M and Tariq N. (2010). An empirical estimation of the factors affecting the demand and supply of poultry meat. Pak.Vet. J.,30(3): 172-174.
    13. Jelink R. (1977). Use of chick embryos in screening for embryo toxicity. Teratog Carcingo Mutagen.2(3-4): 255-261.
    14. Kraggerud A, Abdellaue A, Lindberg V, Mehl A, Nesbakken S, Haraldsen T, Randall M and Spikkerud E. (2010). Evaluation of the plant protection product Coragen 20SC–chlorantraniliprole, Regard application for authorization, Mattilsynet, The Norwegian Food Safety Authority, National Registration Section, 1-22.
    15. Kumaresa A, Bujarbarun KM, Pathak KA, Chhetri B, Ahmad SK and Haunshi S. (2008). Analysis of a village chicken production system and performance of improved dual purpose chickens under a sub-tropical hill agro-ecosystem in India. Trop. Anim. Health prod., 40:395-402.
    16. Lahm GP, Selby T.P, Freudenberger J.H, Stevenson T.M, Myers B.J, Seburyamo G. Smith BK, Flexner L, Clark CE and Cordova D. (2005). Insecticidal anthranilic diamides: a new class of potent ryanodine receptor activators. Bioorgnic Medic. Chem. Lett., 15: 4898–4906.
    17. Lahm G.P, Stevenson TM, Selby TP, Freudenberger JH, Cordova D, Flexner L, Bellin CA, Dubas CM, Smith BK, Hughes KA, Hillongshaus JG, Clark CE and Benner EA. (2007). RynaxpyrTM: A new insecticidal anthranilic diamide that acts as a potent and selective ryanodine receptor activatior. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters., 17: 6274-6279. 
    18. Lahm GP, Cordova D and Barry JD. (2009). New and selective ryanodine receptor activators for insect control. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry., 17: 4127–4133. 
    19. Larson JL, Redmond C.T and Potter D.A. (2012). Comparative impact of an anthranilic diamide and other insecticidal chemistries on beneûcial invertebrates and ecosystem services in turfgrass. Pest Manag. Sci., 68: 740-748.
    20. Mobarak YM. (2009). Embryoprotective efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) extract against developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of mercuric chloride in the chick. Egypt. J. Zool., 52: 67-91.
    21. Morale A, Coniglio L, Angelini C, Cimoli G. Bolla A and Alleteo D. (1998). Biological effects of neurotoxic pesticide at low concentrations on sea urchin early development: a teratogenic assay. Chemosphere, 37: 3001-3010.
    22. Mufti S.A and Nasim R. (1987). Avian embryo toxicity of dimicron. A commonly used insecticide. Biologia, 33: 617-622.
    23. Nancy B.M, Kathleen RA and Anneta PW. (1994). Thinking of the organophosphate chemical warfare agents GA, GB and VX: implicationfor public protection. Envtal. Health Perap.,102: 1.
    24. Pinakin W, Deshpande SG and Slokhe SG. (2011). Studies on the effect of the insect growth regulators lufenuron on embryogenesis of chick Gallus domesticus (white leghorn strain). Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci.,1: 82-83. 
    25. Pourmirza AA. (2000). Toxic effects of Malathione and Endosulfan on chick embryo. J. Agric. Sci. Tech., 2: 161-166.
    26. Rathnamma VV and Nagaraju B. (2014). Acute toxicity and Histopathological changes in freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala exposed to Chlorantraniliprol. The J. of Zool. Stud.,1(4): 23-30.
    27. Sattelle D.B, Cordova D and Chek TR. (2008). Insect ryanodine receptors: molecular targets for novel pest control chemicals. Invert. Neurosci., 8: 107-119.
    28. Sial AA, Brunner JF and Doerr MD. (2010). Susceptibility of Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to two new reduced-    risk insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol.,103: 140-146.
    29. Uggini GK, Patel PV and Balakrishnan S. (2010). Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of pesticides in chick embryos: A comparative study using two commercial formulations. Environmental Toxico.,5: 1-9.
    30. U SEPA. (2008). Pesticide Fact Sheet. Chlorantraniliprole. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (7505P).
    31. Van S.G and Van lousghten M.J. (1971). Neurotoxic effects of the dithiocarbamate tecoram on the chick embryo. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.,19: 675-686.
    32. Varangy L, Budai P, Molnar E, Fuzesi I and Fansci T. (2001). Teratogenicity testing of BI 58 EC (38% dimethoate) in chicken embryos with special respect to degradation of the active ingredient. Acta. Vet. Hung., 49(3):355-361.
    33. Wang XL, LI, XY, Shen, AD and WU, YD. (2010). Baseline susceptibility of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to chlorantraniliprole in China. J. Eco,Entomol.,103: 843-848.
    34. Wei L, Shao W, Ding GH, Fan XL, YU ML and Lin ZH. (2014). Acute and joint toxicity of three agrochemicals to Chinese tiger frog (Hoplobatrachus chinensis) tadpoles. Zoological Research,35(4): 272"279. 
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