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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 54 issue 11 (november 2020) : 1446-1450,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3835

Tissue Expression of TNF-alpha and IL-18 by Real Time PCR in Initiated Atherosclerosis in Wistar Male Rats

H
H. Srinivasa Naik
C
Ch. Srilatha
K
K. Sujatha
B
B. Sreedevi
T
TNVKV Prasad
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Cite article:- Naik Srinivasa H., Srilatha Ch., Sujatha K., Sreedevi B., Prasad TNVKV (2020). Tissue Expression of TNF-alpha and IL-18 by Real Time PCR in Initiated Atherosclerosis in Wistar Male Rats. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(11): 1446-1450. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3835.

ABSTRACT

Background: Atherosclerosis is diverse disease with heterogenous mechanisms of progression and is an oxidative, chronic inflammatory and thrombotic disease produced by elevated level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood. Initiation of atherosclerosis begins with the production of various inflammatory cytokines and adhesive molecules on the endothelium of the large muscular arteries like aorta. The present study was carried out to know the expression of TNF-Alpha and IL-18 by real time PCR (Polymerase chain reaction).
Methods: Procured 24 Wistar albino rats and divided into two groups consisting of 12 rats in each. Atherosclerosis was induced by addition of 1% cholesterol and 15% saturated oil to the 1000g of standard rat diet and given to group II rats. Group I kept as control and maintained for 90 days. 
Result: Group II rats clinically showed obesity with significant increase (p<0.05) in the body weight. TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C were significantly (p<0.05) higher, whereas HDL-C was significantly (p<0.05) reduced. Atherogenic diet induced the initiation of atherosclerosis in the aorta with degeneration of endothelial cells, sub intimal lipid laden macrophages (foam cells), slight thickening of the tunica intima with proliferation of few SMCs in group I rats. Present study revealed positive expression of TNF- alpha and no expression of IL-18 cytokine in the aorta of group II rats by RT-PCR. 

REFERENCES

  1. Beutler B and Bazzoni F (1998). TNF, apoptosis and autoimmunity: a common thread? Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases. 24(2): 216-230.
  2. Bolkent, S. Yanardag, R. Bulan, O.K and Yesilyaprak, B. (2005). Protective role of Melisa officinalis leaf extract on liver of hyperlipidemic rats, a morphological and biochemical study. Journal of Ethno Pharmacology. 99: 391-98.
  3. Culling, CFA. (1974). Hand Book of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (Including Museum Techniques) 3rd Edn.
  4. Hafid, A.O. Soraya, T. Ziad, M. Alain, T. (2011). Recent advances on the role of cytokines in atherosclerosis. Arteroscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 31: 969-979.
  5. Harini Devi, N. Ambika Devi, K. Prabath kumar, D. Vani, N. (2016). Lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma as parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabeties mellitus. International Journal Research in Medical Science. 4(7):2863-2869.
  6. Moeliandari, F. and Wijaya, A. (2002). Metabolism and anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of HDL, a new perspective. Prodia. Jakarta (Indonesia).
  7. Mohamed Anwar, K. Abdelhalim and Hisham A Alhadlaq. (2008). Effect of cholesterol feeding periods on blood haematology and biochemistry of rabbits. International Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2(2): 49-53.
  8. Murry, R.K. Granner, D.K. Mayes, P.A. Rodwell, V.W. (1996). Harper Biochemistry. EGC, Jakarta (Indonesia).
  9. Negin, A. Behnam, P. Yasan, S. Seyed, M. H. Tabatabaei, N. Maryam, G. Mahsa, D and Aram, M. (2016). A histopathological analysis of the epidemiology of coronary atherosclerosis: an autopsy study. Diagnostic Pathology. 11:127.
  10. Olubukola, S.O. Graeme, B. Anthony, J.A. (2012). Protective effect of Tulbaghia violacea Harv.on arotic pathology, tissue antioxidant enzymes and liver damage in diet induced atherosclerosis. International Journal of Molecular Science. 13: 12747-12760
  11. Prabha, S.P. Ansil, P.N. Nitha, A. Wills, P.J. Latha, M.S. (2013). Anti-Atherogenic activity of methanolic extract of Garndenia gummifera Linn. F. on high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in rats. International Journal of Pharmacological Science. 5(2): 388-393.
  12. Stary Herbert, C.A. Bleakley, C. Robert Dinsmore, E. Valentin, F. Seymour, G. William, I. Michael Rosenfeld, E. Colin, J. Schwartz, William Wagner, D. Robert Wissler, W. (1995). A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis. Circulation. 92: 1355-134.
  13. Ya-bin Jio. Yao-cheng. Tie-jun, Peng-yuan, Yan, Q. (2005). Expression of proinflammatory cytokines in brain of atherosclerotic rats and effects of Ginkgo biloba extract. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 26(7): 835-839.
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    Research Article

    volume 54 issue 11 (november 2020) : 1446-1450,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3835

    Tissue Expression of TNF-alpha and IL-18 by Real Time PCR in Initiated Atherosclerosis in Wistar Male Rats

    H
    H. Srinivasa Naik
    C
    Ch. Srilatha
    K
    K. Sujatha
    B
    B. Sreedevi
    T
    TNVKV Prasad
    1Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
    Cite article:- Naik Srinivasa H., Srilatha Ch., Sujatha K., Sreedevi B., Prasad TNVKV (2020). Tissue Expression of TNF-alpha and IL-18 by Real Time PCR in Initiated Atherosclerosis in Wistar Male Rats. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(11): 1446-1450. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3835.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Atherosclerosis is diverse disease with heterogenous mechanisms of progression and is an oxidative, chronic inflammatory and thrombotic disease produced by elevated level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood. Initiation of atherosclerosis begins with the production of various inflammatory cytokines and adhesive molecules on the endothelium of the large muscular arteries like aorta. The present study was carried out to know the expression of TNF-Alpha and IL-18 by real time PCR (Polymerase chain reaction).
    Methods: Procured 24 Wistar albino rats and divided into two groups consisting of 12 rats in each. Atherosclerosis was induced by addition of 1% cholesterol and 15% saturated oil to the 1000g of standard rat diet and given to group II rats. Group I kept as control and maintained for 90 days. 
    Result: Group II rats clinically showed obesity with significant increase (p<0.05) in the body weight. TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C were significantly (p<0.05) higher, whereas HDL-C was significantly (p<0.05) reduced. Atherogenic diet induced the initiation of atherosclerosis in the aorta with degeneration of endothelial cells, sub intimal lipid laden macrophages (foam cells), slight thickening of the tunica intima with proliferation of few SMCs in group I rats. Present study revealed positive expression of TNF- alpha and no expression of IL-18 cytokine in the aorta of group II rats by RT-PCR. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Beutler B and Bazzoni F (1998). TNF, apoptosis and autoimmunity: a common thread? Blood Cells Molecules and Diseases. 24(2): 216-230.
    2. Bolkent, S. Yanardag, R. Bulan, O.K and Yesilyaprak, B. (2005). Protective role of Melisa officinalis leaf extract on liver of hyperlipidemic rats, a morphological and biochemical study. Journal of Ethno Pharmacology. 99: 391-98.
    3. Culling, CFA. (1974). Hand Book of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (Including Museum Techniques) 3rd Edn.
    4. Hafid, A.O. Soraya, T. Ziad, M. Alain, T. (2011). Recent advances on the role of cytokines in atherosclerosis. Arteroscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 31: 969-979.
    5. Harini Devi, N. Ambika Devi, K. Prabath kumar, D. Vani, N. (2016). Lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma as parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabeties mellitus. International Journal Research in Medical Science. 4(7):2863-2869.
    6. Moeliandari, F. and Wijaya, A. (2002). Metabolism and anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of HDL, a new perspective. Prodia. Jakarta (Indonesia).
    7. Mohamed Anwar, K. Abdelhalim and Hisham A Alhadlaq. (2008). Effect of cholesterol feeding periods on blood haematology and biochemistry of rabbits. International Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2(2): 49-53.
    8. Murry, R.K. Granner, D.K. Mayes, P.A. Rodwell, V.W. (1996). Harper Biochemistry. EGC, Jakarta (Indonesia).
    9. Negin, A. Behnam, P. Yasan, S. Seyed, M. H. Tabatabaei, N. Maryam, G. Mahsa, D and Aram, M. (2016). A histopathological analysis of the epidemiology of coronary atherosclerosis: an autopsy study. Diagnostic Pathology. 11:127.
    10. Olubukola, S.O. Graeme, B. Anthony, J.A. (2012). Protective effect of Tulbaghia violacea Harv.on arotic pathology, tissue antioxidant enzymes and liver damage in diet induced atherosclerosis. International Journal of Molecular Science. 13: 12747-12760
    11. Prabha, S.P. Ansil, P.N. Nitha, A. Wills, P.J. Latha, M.S. (2013). Anti-Atherogenic activity of methanolic extract of Garndenia gummifera Linn. F. on high fat diet induced atherosclerosis in rats. International Journal of Pharmacological Science. 5(2): 388-393.
    12. Stary Herbert, C.A. Bleakley, C. Robert Dinsmore, E. Valentin, F. Seymour, G. William, I. Michael Rosenfeld, E. Colin, J. Schwartz, William Wagner, D. Robert Wissler, W. (1995). A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis. Circulation. 92: 1355-134.
    13. Ya-bin Jio. Yao-cheng. Tie-jun, Peng-yuan, Yan, Q. (2005). Expression of proinflammatory cytokines in brain of atherosclerotic rats and effects of Ginkgo biloba extract. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 26(7): 835-839.
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