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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 7 (july 2019) : 973-978,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3619

Effect of litter and dietary amendments on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter

A
Ankush Proch
D
Dalpat Singh Malik
Y
Yashpal Singh
K
Kulvinder Singh Sandhu
A
Amit Sharma
A
A.P.S. Sethi
1Department of Livestock Production Management, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
Cite article:- Proch Ankush, Malik Singh Dalpat, Singh Yashpal, Sandhu Singh Kulvinder, Sharma Amit, Sethi A.P.S. (2018). Effect of litter and dietary amendments on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(7): 973-978. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3619.

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of sodium bisulphate in litter and low protein diet with protease on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter season (December-January). Two hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups. Control group (Tc) had no dietary and litter amendments  and other three included, litter amendment with sodium bisulphate (Ts), dietary amendment with low protein supplemented with protease enzyme (Tp) and both dietary and litter amendment (Tsp). The findings of the study revealed a significant (p £ 0.05) higher ammonia concentration in control group as compared to treatment groups. The average body weight was significantly higher in Ts group followed by Tsp group, Tp and control (Tc) group at 42 days of age. Best FCR was observed in litter amended (Ts) group. Sodium bisulphate decreased the pH and moisture content of the litter in both the treatments where it was used which seems to be the reason for low ammonia concentration, and improved gain in weight, FCR and low mortality. It can be concluded that the addition of sodium bisulphate in litter can significantly reduce the ammonia concentration, and improve growth rate and litter quality in broilers.

REFERENCES

  1. Anonymous, (2013). Nutrient requirements of animals, Poultry (ICAR-NIANP).
  2. AOAC, (2000). Official Methods of Analysis (17th Edn.). Analytical Chemists. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington D C, pp. 2004.
  3. Caine, W.R., Verstegen, M.W.A., Sauer, W.C., Tamminga, S., Schulze, H. (1998). Effect of protease treatment of soyabean meal on content of total soluble matter and crude protein level of soyabean trypsin inhibitors. Animal Feed Science Technology, 71:177–183.
  4. Chatterjee, R.N. and Rajkumar, U. (2015). An overview of poultry production in India. Indian Journal of Animal Health, 54(2): 89-108.
  5. Choi, I.H. and Moore, Jr.P.A. (2008). Effects of liquid aluminum chloride additions to poultry litter on broiler performance, ammonia emissions, soluble phosphorus, total volatile fatty acids, and nitrogen contents of litter. Poultry Science, 87: 1955–1963.
  6. Do, J.C., Choi, I.H., Nahm, K.H. (2005). Effects of chemically amended litter on broiler performances, atmospheric ammonia concentration, and phosphorus solubility in litter. Poultry Science, 84(5): 679-686.
  7. Duncan, D.B. (1995).Multiple range and multiple “F” tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
  8. Gurbuz, E., Balevi, T., Kurtoglu, V., Oznurlu, Y. (2011). Use of yeast cell wall and yucca schidigera extract in layer hen’s diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 10: e26.
  9. Kling, H.F. and Quarles, C.L. (1974). Effect of atmospheric ammonia and the stress of infectious bronchitis vaccination on Leghorn males. Poultry Science, 53(3):1161-1170.
  10. Kocaman, B., Esenbuga, N., Yildiz, A., Lacin, E., Macit, M. (2006). Effect of environmental conditions in poultry houses on the performance of laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 5:26-30.
  11. McWard, G.W. and Taylor, D.R. (2000). Acidified clay litter amendment. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 9: 518-529.
  12. Nagaraj, M., Wilson, C.A.P., Saenmahayak, B., Hess, J.B., Bilgili, S.F. (2007). Efficacy of a litter amendment to reduce pododermatitis in broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16: 255-261.
  13. Robert Gauthier. (2007). The use of protected organic acids (GalliacidTM) and a protease enzyme in poultry feeds. Alinat Colombia Ltda & Jefo Latino America Ltda.
  14. Sahoo, S.P., Kaur, D., Sethi, A.P.S., Sharma,A., Chandra,M., Chandrahas. (2017). Effect of chemically amended litter on litter quality and broiler performance in winter. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 45(1): 533-537.
  15. Sahoo, S.P., Kaur, D., Sethi, A.P.S., Sharma, A., Dwivedi, P.N., Sandhu, B.S. (2015). Use of acidified litter for broiler production in winter season. Journal of Animal Research, 5: 283-288.
  16. Silva, E.T. (2007). Temperature and moisture index (ITU) in bird production for northwest and north pioneer paranaense. Revista Acadêmica, 5(4): 385-390.
  17. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1980). Statistical Methods (7th Edn.). The lowa State University Press, Ames, lowa, USA. pp. 313.
  18. Soulsby, E.J.L. (1982). A Text book of Helminths, Arthopods and Protozoa in Domesticated Animals (7th Edn.). Bailliere and Tindall, London. pp. 776.
  19. West J W. (1994). Interaction of energy and bovine somatotropin with heat stress. Journal of Dairy Science, 77: 2091-2102.
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 7 (july 2019) : 973-978,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3619

    Effect of litter and dietary amendments on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter

    A
    Ankush Proch
    D
    Dalpat Singh Malik
    Y
    Yashpal Singh
    K
    Kulvinder Singh Sandhu
    A
    Amit Sharma
    A
    A.P.S. Sethi
    1Department of Livestock Production Management, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.
    Cite article:- Proch Ankush, Malik Singh Dalpat, Singh Yashpal, Sandhu Singh Kulvinder, Sharma Amit, Sethi A.P.S. (2018). Effect of litter and dietary amendments on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(7): 973-978. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3619.

    ABSTRACT

    The objective of the study was to determine the effect of sodium bisulphate in litter and low protein diet with protease on ammonia concentration, broiler performance and litter quality in winter season (December-January). Two hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups. Control group (Tc) had no dietary and litter amendments  and other three included, litter amendment with sodium bisulphate (Ts), dietary amendment with low protein supplemented with protease enzyme (Tp) and both dietary and litter amendment (Tsp). The findings of the study revealed a significant (p £ 0.05) higher ammonia concentration in control group as compared to treatment groups. The average body weight was significantly higher in Ts group followed by Tsp group, Tp and control (Tc) group at 42 days of age. Best FCR was observed in litter amended (Ts) group. Sodium bisulphate decreased the pH and moisture content of the litter in both the treatments where it was used which seems to be the reason for low ammonia concentration, and improved gain in weight, FCR and low mortality. It can be concluded that the addition of sodium bisulphate in litter can significantly reduce the ammonia concentration, and improve growth rate and litter quality in broilers.

    REFERENCES

    1. Anonymous, (2013). Nutrient requirements of animals, Poultry (ICAR-NIANP).
    2. AOAC, (2000). Official Methods of Analysis (17th Edn.). Analytical Chemists. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington D C, pp. 2004.
    3. Caine, W.R., Verstegen, M.W.A., Sauer, W.C., Tamminga, S., Schulze, H. (1998). Effect of protease treatment of soyabean meal on content of total soluble matter and crude protein level of soyabean trypsin inhibitors. Animal Feed Science Technology, 71:177–183.
    4. Chatterjee, R.N. and Rajkumar, U. (2015). An overview of poultry production in India. Indian Journal of Animal Health, 54(2): 89-108.
    5. Choi, I.H. and Moore, Jr.P.A. (2008). Effects of liquid aluminum chloride additions to poultry litter on broiler performance, ammonia emissions, soluble phosphorus, total volatile fatty acids, and nitrogen contents of litter. Poultry Science, 87: 1955–1963.
    6. Do, J.C., Choi, I.H., Nahm, K.H. (2005). Effects of chemically amended litter on broiler performances, atmospheric ammonia concentration, and phosphorus solubility in litter. Poultry Science, 84(5): 679-686.
    7. Duncan, D.B. (1995).Multiple range and multiple “F” tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
    8. Gurbuz, E., Balevi, T., Kurtoglu, V., Oznurlu, Y. (2011). Use of yeast cell wall and yucca schidigera extract in layer hen’s diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 10: e26.
    9. Kling, H.F. and Quarles, C.L. (1974). Effect of atmospheric ammonia and the stress of infectious bronchitis vaccination on Leghorn males. Poultry Science, 53(3):1161-1170.
    10. Kocaman, B., Esenbuga, N., Yildiz, A., Lacin, E., Macit, M. (2006). Effect of environmental conditions in poultry houses on the performance of laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 5:26-30.
    11. McWard, G.W. and Taylor, D.R. (2000). Acidified clay litter amendment. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 9: 518-529.
    12. Nagaraj, M., Wilson, C.A.P., Saenmahayak, B., Hess, J.B., Bilgili, S.F. (2007). Efficacy of a litter amendment to reduce pododermatitis in broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16: 255-261.
    13. Robert Gauthier. (2007). The use of protected organic acids (GalliacidTM) and a protease enzyme in poultry feeds. Alinat Colombia Ltda & Jefo Latino America Ltda.
    14. Sahoo, S.P., Kaur, D., Sethi, A.P.S., Sharma,A., Chandra,M., Chandrahas. (2017). Effect of chemically amended litter on litter quality and broiler performance in winter. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 45(1): 533-537.
    15. Sahoo, S.P., Kaur, D., Sethi, A.P.S., Sharma, A., Dwivedi, P.N., Sandhu, B.S. (2015). Use of acidified litter for broiler production in winter season. Journal of Animal Research, 5: 283-288.
    16. Silva, E.T. (2007). Temperature and moisture index (ITU) in bird production for northwest and north pioneer paranaense. Revista Acadêmica, 5(4): 385-390.
    17. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1980). Statistical Methods (7th Edn.). The lowa State University Press, Ames, lowa, USA. pp. 313.
    18. Soulsby, E.J.L. (1982). A Text book of Helminths, Arthopods and Protozoa in Domesticated Animals (7th Edn.). Bailliere and Tindall, London. pp. 776.
    19. West J W. (1994). Interaction of energy and bovine somatotropin with heat stress. Journal of Dairy Science, 77: 2091-2102.
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