Banner
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 2 (february 2019) : 173-177,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3480

Effect of microclimatic variables on physiological and hematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season
 

R
Ranjana Sinha
M
Madan Lal Kamboj
A
Ashish Ranjan
I
Indu Devi
1Division of Livestock Production Management, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
Cite article:- Sinha Ranjana, Kamboj Lal Madan, Ranjan Ashish, Devi Indu (2017). Effect of microclimatic variables on physiological and hematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(2): 173-177. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3480.

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of climatic variables on physiological responses and haematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season. In this study 16 crossbred cows were selected and randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2). Cows of control group were housed in shed with sprinkler, whereas the cows of treatment group were housed in shed with fogger plus fans and mosquito net. Data on various physiological and haematological parameters were recorded and analysed statistically.  Analysis revealed that, the maximum temperature and THI were significantly (P<0.05) lower in treatment shed as compared to control shed. Significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake and milk yield in treatment (13.64±0.44 and 18.18±0.36 kg) as compared to control group (12.33±0.37 and 15.94±0.47 kg) were recorded during peak hot period. Rectal temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate was significantly (P<0.05) lower in treatment (38.28±0.05, 36.42±2.98 and 78.65±1.09 °C) as compared to control group (38.57±0.14, 51.15±4.34 and 83.59±0.83 °C). However, haemoglobin concentration (g/dl) and white blood corpuscles (103/cmm) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in treatment (10.54±0.36 and 12.35±0.64) as copared to control group (9.52±0.43 and10.88±0.57). Therefore, it can be concluded that fogger with fans is the fundamental mean to protect the animals from thermal stress under loose housing during summer season.

REFERENCES

  1. Ankush, P., Khan, A., Koul, A. and Thirumurughan, P. (2014). Heat stress ameliorating effect of water showering on physiological parameters of crossbred dairy cattle. Indian Vet. J., 91(6): 51-53.
  2. Abdelatif, A.M. and Alameen, A.O. (2012). Influence of season and pregnancy on thermal and hae-motological responses of crossbred dairy cows in a tropical environment. Global Veterinaria., 9: 334–340.
  3. Abdelatif, A., Mariam, M., Ibrahim, Y. and Hassan, Y.Y. (2009). Seasonal variation in erythrocytic and leucocytic indices and serum proteins of female Nubian goats. Middle-East J. Sci. Res., 4 (3): 168-174.
  4. Bouraoui, R., Lahmar, M., Majdoub, A, Djemali, M. and Belyea, R. (2002). The relationship of temperature humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate. Anim. Res., 51: 479 – 491.
  5. Brown-Brandl, T.M., Eigenberg R., Hahn G.L. and Nienaber J.A. (2001). Correlations of respiration rate, core body tempera-tures, and ambient temperatures for shaded and non-shaded cattle. Pp. 448-454 in Proc. Int. Symp. Livest. Environ., Lou-isville, Kentucky.
  6. Bucklin, R., Bray, D. and Shearer, J. (2000). Beating the heat: cattle produce more milk when kept cool. Res. Eng. and Tech. for a Sustainable World., 7(3): 11-12. 
  7. Chandra, B., Singh, S.V., Hooda, O.K., Upadhyay, R.C. and Beenam, V.M. (2012). Influence of temperature variability on physiological, hematological and biochemical profile of growing and adult Sahiwal cattle. J. Env. Res. and Dev., 7(2A): 986-994.
  8. Chanpongsang, S., Choktananukul, V., Jamikorn, U., Chaiyabutr, N. and Suadsong, S. (2010). Effects of evaporative cooling system on productive and reproductive performance and some physiological parameters of crossbred Holstein Friesian cattle in tropical conditions. Sustainable Improvement of Animal Production and Health. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. p105-110.
  9. Collier, R.J., Baumgard, L.H., Lock, A.L. and Bauman, D.E. (2005). Physiological limitations, nutrient partitioning. In Yield of farmed species. Constraints and opportunities in the 21st Century (ed. R Sylvester-Bradley and J Wiseman), pp. 351–377. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK
  10. Collier, R.J., Dahl, G.E. and Van Baale, M.J. (2006). Major advances associated with environmental effects on dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 1244–1253
  11. Dikmen, S., Alava, E., Pontes, E., Fear, J.M., Dikmen, B.Y., Olson, T.A. and Hansen, P. J. (2008). Differences in thermoregulatory ability between slick-haired and wild-type lactating Holstein cows in response to acute heat stress. J. Dairy Sci., 91: 3395–3402.
  12. Eigenberg, R.A., Hahn, G.L., Nienaber, J.A., Brown-Brandl, T.M, Spiers, D.E. (2000). Development of a new respiration rate monitor for cattle. Trans ASAE., 43: 723–728.
  13. Garkal, R. A. and Kekan, P. M. (2016). Effect of Different Housing Systems on Haematological Parameters of Buffaloes. Journal of Animal Research., 6 (3): 547-550
  14. Gaughan, J.B., Bonner, S., Loxton, I., Mader, T.L., Lisle,A., Lawrence, R. (2010). Effect of shade on body temperature and performance of feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci., 88: 4056-4067.
  15. Gaughan, J.B., Mader, T.L., Holt, S.M., Sullivan, M.L. and Hahn, G.L. (2009). Assessing the heat tolerance of 17 beef cattle genotypes. Int. J. Biometeorol., 54: 617-627.
  16. Hansen, P.J. (2007). Exploitation of genetic and physiological determinants of embryonic resistance to elevated temperature to improve embryonic survival in dairy cattle during heat stress. Theriogenology., 68: 242–S249
  17. Hillman, P.E., Gebremedhin, K.G., Parkhurst, A., Fquay, J. and Willard, S. (2001). Evaporative and convective cooling of cows in a hot and humid environment. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium May 21-23, 2001, Louisville, KY. ASAE., pp. 343-350.
  18. Kadokawa, H., Sakatani, M. and Hansen, P.J. (2012). Perspectives on improvement of reproduction in cattle during heat stress in a future Japan. Anim. Sci. J., 83(6): 439-445.
  19. Khongdee, S. (2008). The effects of high temperature and housing modification on the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows. Thesis submitted to graduate school, Kasetsart university.
  20. Koubkova, M., Knizkova, I., Kunc, P., Hartlova, H., Flusser, J. and Dolezal, O. (2002). Influence of high environmental temperature and evaporative cooling on some physiological, haematocrit and biochemical parameters in high yielding dairy cows. Czech J. Ani. Sci., 47(8): 309-318.
  21. Kumar, G. (2012). Comparative Performance of Red Kandhari Calves in Loose Versus Conventional housing system. M. V. Sc Thesis submitted to Maharashtra Animal and fishery Sciences University, Nagpur.
  22. Marai, I.F.M. and Habeeb, A.A.M. (2010). Buffalo’sbiological functions as affected by heat stress – a review. Livest. Sci., 127(2): 89-109.
  23. McDowell, M. A. (1972). Improvement of Livestock in Warm Climates. W.H. Freeman and Company. San fransisco.
  24. Rhoads, R.P., Baumgard, L.H., Suagee, J.K. and Sanders, S.R. (2013). Nutritional interventions to alleviate the negative con-sequences of heat stress. Adv. Nutr., 4(3): 267-276.
  25. Schalm, O.W., Jain N.C. and Carroll E.J. (2000). Vet. Haematological 3rd Edn. Febiger, Philadelphia. 15: 141. 
  26. Sinha, R., Komboj, M.L., Lathwal, S.S. and Ranjan, A. (2017). Effect of housing management on production performance of crossbred cows during hot-humid season. Indian J. Anim Res., DOI:10.18805/ijar.v0iOF.7817.
  27. Sinha, R., Komboj, M.L., Ranjan, A. and Lathwal, S.S. (2017). Effect of modified housing on behavioural and physiological responses of crossbred cows in hot humid climate. Indian J. Anim Sci., 87 (10): 34-37.
  28. Verma, K.K., Singh, M. Gaur, G.K, Patel, B.H.M., Verma, M.R., Maurya, V.P. and Singh, G. (2015). Effect of different heat ameliorating measures on micro-climatic variables in loose houses during hot humid season in Murrah buffalo heifers, J. Anim Res., 5: 779-783.
  29. West, J. W. (2003). Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle J. dairy. Sci., 86: 2131-2144.
  30. Wheelock, J.B., Rhoads, R.P., Van Baale, M.J., Sanders, S.R. and Baumgard, L.H. (2010). Effect of heat stress on ener-getic metabolism in lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci., 93(2): 644-655.
  31. Wojcik, A., Mituniewicz T., Iwanczuk-czernik K., Sowinska J., Witkowska D. (2004). Analiza wskaŸników krwi byd³a miêsnego ras Charolaise i Limousine w aspekcie dobrostanu (The analysis the blood indicators of beef cattle Charolaise and Limousine in the welfare aspect). In Polish, summary in English). Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej we Wroc³awiu, Zootechnika 501: 363-368.
  32. Zheng, L., Chenh, M. and Zhi-Cheng, G. (2009). Effect of heat stress on milk performance and fatty acids in milk fat of Holstein dairy cows. J. China Dairy Industry., 37(9): 17-19. 
Published In
Indian Journal of Animal Research
Article Metrics
Metrics Icon
0
Views
0
Citations
Reviewed By
Share Article
Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 2 (february 2019) : 173-177,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3480

    Effect of microclimatic variables on physiological and hematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season
     

    R
    Ranjana Sinha
    M
    Madan Lal Kamboj
    A
    Ashish Ranjan
    I
    Indu Devi
    1Division of Livestock Production Management, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
    Cite article:- Sinha Ranjana, Kamboj Lal Madan, Ranjan Ashish, Devi Indu (2017). Effect of microclimatic variables on physiological and hematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(2): 173-177. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3480.

    ABSTRACT

    The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of climatic variables on physiological responses and haematological parameters of crossbred cows in summer season. In this study 16 crossbred cows were selected and randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2). Cows of control group were housed in shed with sprinkler, whereas the cows of treatment group were housed in shed with fogger plus fans and mosquito net. Data on various physiological and haematological parameters were recorded and analysed statistically.  Analysis revealed that, the maximum temperature and THI were significantly (P<0.05) lower in treatment shed as compared to control shed. Significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake and milk yield in treatment (13.64±0.44 and 18.18±0.36 kg) as compared to control group (12.33±0.37 and 15.94±0.47 kg) were recorded during peak hot period. Rectal temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate was significantly (P<0.05) lower in treatment (38.28±0.05, 36.42±2.98 and 78.65±1.09 °C) as compared to control group (38.57±0.14, 51.15±4.34 and 83.59±0.83 °C). However, haemoglobin concentration (g/dl) and white blood corpuscles (103/cmm) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in treatment (10.54±0.36 and 12.35±0.64) as copared to control group (9.52±0.43 and10.88±0.57). Therefore, it can be concluded that fogger with fans is the fundamental mean to protect the animals from thermal stress under loose housing during summer season.

    REFERENCES

    1. Ankush, P., Khan, A., Koul, A. and Thirumurughan, P. (2014). Heat stress ameliorating effect of water showering on physiological parameters of crossbred dairy cattle. Indian Vet. J., 91(6): 51-53.
    2. Abdelatif, A.M. and Alameen, A.O. (2012). Influence of season and pregnancy on thermal and hae-motological responses of crossbred dairy cows in a tropical environment. Global Veterinaria., 9: 334–340.
    3. Abdelatif, A., Mariam, M., Ibrahim, Y. and Hassan, Y.Y. (2009). Seasonal variation in erythrocytic and leucocytic indices and serum proteins of female Nubian goats. Middle-East J. Sci. Res., 4 (3): 168-174.
    4. Bouraoui, R., Lahmar, M., Majdoub, A, Djemali, M. and Belyea, R. (2002). The relationship of temperature humidity index with milk production of dairy cows in a Mediterranean climate. Anim. Res., 51: 479 – 491.
    5. Brown-Brandl, T.M., Eigenberg R., Hahn G.L. and Nienaber J.A. (2001). Correlations of respiration rate, core body tempera-tures, and ambient temperatures for shaded and non-shaded cattle. Pp. 448-454 in Proc. Int. Symp. Livest. Environ., Lou-isville, Kentucky.
    6. Bucklin, R., Bray, D. and Shearer, J. (2000). Beating the heat: cattle produce more milk when kept cool. Res. Eng. and Tech. for a Sustainable World., 7(3): 11-12. 
    7. Chandra, B., Singh, S.V., Hooda, O.K., Upadhyay, R.C. and Beenam, V.M. (2012). Influence of temperature variability on physiological, hematological and biochemical profile of growing and adult Sahiwal cattle. J. Env. Res. and Dev., 7(2A): 986-994.
    8. Chanpongsang, S., Choktananukul, V., Jamikorn, U., Chaiyabutr, N. and Suadsong, S. (2010). Effects of evaporative cooling system on productive and reproductive performance and some physiological parameters of crossbred Holstein Friesian cattle in tropical conditions. Sustainable Improvement of Animal Production and Health. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. p105-110.
    9. Collier, R.J., Baumgard, L.H., Lock, A.L. and Bauman, D.E. (2005). Physiological limitations, nutrient partitioning. In Yield of farmed species. Constraints and opportunities in the 21st Century (ed. R Sylvester-Bradley and J Wiseman), pp. 351–377. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK
    10. Collier, R.J., Dahl, G.E. and Van Baale, M.J. (2006). Major advances associated with environmental effects on dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 1244–1253
    11. Dikmen, S., Alava, E., Pontes, E., Fear, J.M., Dikmen, B.Y., Olson, T.A. and Hansen, P. J. (2008). Differences in thermoregulatory ability between slick-haired and wild-type lactating Holstein cows in response to acute heat stress. J. Dairy Sci., 91: 3395–3402.
    12. Eigenberg, R.A., Hahn, G.L., Nienaber, J.A., Brown-Brandl, T.M, Spiers, D.E. (2000). Development of a new respiration rate monitor for cattle. Trans ASAE., 43: 723–728.
    13. Garkal, R. A. and Kekan, P. M. (2016). Effect of Different Housing Systems on Haematological Parameters of Buffaloes. Journal of Animal Research., 6 (3): 547-550
    14. Gaughan, J.B., Bonner, S., Loxton, I., Mader, T.L., Lisle,A., Lawrence, R. (2010). Effect of shade on body temperature and performance of feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci., 88: 4056-4067.
    15. Gaughan, J.B., Mader, T.L., Holt, S.M., Sullivan, M.L. and Hahn, G.L. (2009). Assessing the heat tolerance of 17 beef cattle genotypes. Int. J. Biometeorol., 54: 617-627.
    16. Hansen, P.J. (2007). Exploitation of genetic and physiological determinants of embryonic resistance to elevated temperature to improve embryonic survival in dairy cattle during heat stress. Theriogenology., 68: 242–S249
    17. Hillman, P.E., Gebremedhin, K.G., Parkhurst, A., Fquay, J. and Willard, S. (2001). Evaporative and convective cooling of cows in a hot and humid environment. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium May 21-23, 2001, Louisville, KY. ASAE., pp. 343-350.
    18. Kadokawa, H., Sakatani, M. and Hansen, P.J. (2012). Perspectives on improvement of reproduction in cattle during heat stress in a future Japan. Anim. Sci. J., 83(6): 439-445.
    19. Khongdee, S. (2008). The effects of high temperature and housing modification on the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows. Thesis submitted to graduate school, Kasetsart university.
    20. Koubkova, M., Knizkova, I., Kunc, P., Hartlova, H., Flusser, J. and Dolezal, O. (2002). Influence of high environmental temperature and evaporative cooling on some physiological, haematocrit and biochemical parameters in high yielding dairy cows. Czech J. Ani. Sci., 47(8): 309-318.
    21. Kumar, G. (2012). Comparative Performance of Red Kandhari Calves in Loose Versus Conventional housing system. M. V. Sc Thesis submitted to Maharashtra Animal and fishery Sciences University, Nagpur.
    22. Marai, I.F.M. and Habeeb, A.A.M. (2010). Buffalo’sbiological functions as affected by heat stress – a review. Livest. Sci., 127(2): 89-109.
    23. McDowell, M. A. (1972). Improvement of Livestock in Warm Climates. W.H. Freeman and Company. San fransisco.
    24. Rhoads, R.P., Baumgard, L.H., Suagee, J.K. and Sanders, S.R. (2013). Nutritional interventions to alleviate the negative con-sequences of heat stress. Adv. Nutr., 4(3): 267-276.
    25. Schalm, O.W., Jain N.C. and Carroll E.J. (2000). Vet. Haematological 3rd Edn. Febiger, Philadelphia. 15: 141. 
    26. Sinha, R., Komboj, M.L., Lathwal, S.S. and Ranjan, A. (2017). Effect of housing management on production performance of crossbred cows during hot-humid season. Indian J. Anim Res., DOI:10.18805/ijar.v0iOF.7817.
    27. Sinha, R., Komboj, M.L., Ranjan, A. and Lathwal, S.S. (2017). Effect of modified housing on behavioural and physiological responses of crossbred cows in hot humid climate. Indian J. Anim Sci., 87 (10): 34-37.
    28. Verma, K.K., Singh, M. Gaur, G.K, Patel, B.H.M., Verma, M.R., Maurya, V.P. and Singh, G. (2015). Effect of different heat ameliorating measures on micro-climatic variables in loose houses during hot humid season in Murrah buffalo heifers, J. Anim Res., 5: 779-783.
    29. West, J. W. (2003). Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle J. dairy. Sci., 86: 2131-2144.
    30. Wheelock, J.B., Rhoads, R.P., Van Baale, M.J., Sanders, S.R. and Baumgard, L.H. (2010). Effect of heat stress on ener-getic metabolism in lactating Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci., 93(2): 644-655.
    31. Wojcik, A., Mituniewicz T., Iwanczuk-czernik K., Sowinska J., Witkowska D. (2004). Analiza wskaŸników krwi byd³a miêsnego ras Charolaise i Limousine w aspekcie dobrostanu (The analysis the blood indicators of beef cattle Charolaise and Limousine in the welfare aspect). In Polish, summary in English). Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej we Wroc³awiu, Zootechnika 501: 363-368.
    32. Zheng, L., Chenh, M. and Zhi-Cheng, G. (2009). Effect of heat stress on milk performance and fatty acids in milk fat of Holstein dairy cows. J. China Dairy Industry., 37(9): 17-19. 
    In this Article
      Contact us
      Follow us
      Published In
      Indian Journal of Animal Research

      Editorial Board

      View all (0)