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Research Article

volume 52 issue 12 (december 2018) : 1727-1731,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3448

Effect of dietary supplementation of salts of organic acids on gut morphology and meat quality of broilers

V
Vinus
M
M.A. Akbar
B
B.S. Tewatia
S
Sushil Kumar
1Department of Animal Nutrition, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar-125004, Haryana India
Cite article:- Vinus, Akbar M.A., Tewatia B.S., Kumar Sushil (2017). Effect of dietary supplementation of salts of organic acids on gut morphology and meat quality of broilers. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(12): 1727-1731. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3448.

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was conducted to appraise the effect of different levels of salts of organic acids on the gut morphology and meat quality of broilers. A total 300 day-old commercial chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatments. Each treatment consists of 6 replicates having 10 birds per replicate. The control diet was formulated to contain approximately the same metabolizable energy (ME), crude protein and limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine) as per the requirements of birds. The first group (T1) was fed on control diet without any feed additives, while, groups (T2, T3, T4 and T5) were fed on basal diets containing sodium butyrate and calcium propionate @ 0.5% and 1.0% respectively.  Six birds from each treatment (1 per replication) were randomly selected for slaughter and collection of samples and microbial study at day 42. Performance of birds in terms of body weight and feed conversion ratio was significantly improved in treated groups. Results showed that in gut morphology, pH was reduced significantly (P<0.05) in T3 and T5 (6.24 and 6.22, respectively) as compared to the control group (6.64) while significant improvement was observed in villus height and crypt depth in all treatment groups and were highest in T3 (539.50µm,135.67 µm). Lowest Coliform bacteria (log CFU/g.)was recorded in T3 (16.57) which was significantly differ with the T1 (19.17) and Lactobacilli count was significantly increased in all treatments as compared to control.Supplementation of organic acids reduced meat cholesterol level significantly and lowest was in T5(48.03mg/dL) followed by T3 (48.30mg/dL). Similarly SFA decreased while PUFA content was increased significantly on supplementation of salts as compared to control.  

REFERENCES

  1. Adeniji, A.O., Ologhobo, A.D., Adebiyi, O.A. and Adejumo, I.O. (2015). Effect of methionine and organic acid on apparent nutrient utilization and gut morphology of broiler chicken. Adv. in Res. 4(2): 87-91.
  2. Adil, S.H., Tufail, B., Gulam, A.B., Qureshi, S.D. and Wani, S.A. (2011). Effect of supplemental organic acids on growth performance and gut microbial population of broiler chicken. Livestock Res. Rural Develop. 23 (6).
  3. Al-Natour, M.Q. and Alshawabkeh, K.M. (2005). Using varying levels of formic acid to limit growth of Salmonella gallinarum in contaminated broiler feed. Asian-Aust. J. Ani. Sci. 18: 390-395.
  4. Alzawqari, M.H., Kermanshahi, H., Nassiri., M. H., Tawassoli, M.H. and Gilani, A. (2013). Impact of feed withdrawal and addition of acetic acid in drinking water during preslaughter phase on intestinal microbiota of broilers. Afr. J. Biotech. 12: 1164-1167.
  5. Banday, M.T., Adil, S., Khan, A.A. and Untoo,M. (2015). A Study on Efficacy of Fumaric Acid Supplementation in Diet of Broiler Chicken. International Journal of Poultry Science. 14 (11): 589-594.
  6. BIS. (2007) Nutrient Requirements for Poultry. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India. IS:1374.
  7. Chand, N., Naz, S., Shah, Z., Khan, S., Shah, A.S. And Khan, R.U. (2014). Growth performance and immune status of broilers fed graded levels of Albizia lebbeck seeds. Pakistan J. Zool. 46: 574-577.
  8. Choct, N. (2002). Effect of organic acids, prebiotics and enzyme on control of necrotic enteritis and performance of broiler chicken. School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England. Available:http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/bm s/avpa/    avpaconfapr/abstracts/choct.
  9. Denli,M., Okan,F. and Celik,K. (2003). Effect of dietary probiotic, organic acid and antibiotic supplementation to diets on broiler performance and carcass yield. Pak. J. Nutri. 2: 89–91.
  10. Hassan, R.I.M., Gamal M.M.M. and Abd-Ellah, A.E.M. (2016). Effect of feeding citric acid on performance of broiler ducks fed different protein levels. J. Adv. Vet. Res. 6: 18-26.
  11. Khan, R.U., Naz, S. And Dhama, K. (2014). Chromium: pharmacological applications in heat stressed poultry. Int. J. Pharmacol. 10: 213-317.
  12. Kramer, C.Y. (1956). Extension of multiple range test to group means with unequal number of replicates. Biometrics. 12: 307-310.
  13. Laxman., B. V. (2013) Comparative efficacy of organic acids and antibiotics as growth promoter in broiler chicks. M.V.Sc Thesis, Dept. of Animal Nutrition, LUVAS, Hisar. 
  14. Mohammadagheri.N., Najafi.R. and Najafi, G. (2016). Effects of dietary supplementation of organic acids and phytase on performance and intestinal histomorphology of broilers. Veterinary Research Forum. 7 (3): 189 – 195.
  15. Nourmohammadi, R. and H. Khosravinia, H. (2015). Acidic stress caused by dietary administration of citric acid in broiler chickens. Arch. Anim. Breed. 58: 309–315.
  16. Panda A.K., Raju M.V.LN., Rao S.V.R., Sunder G.S. and Reddy, M.R. (2009). Effect of dietary addition of organic acid on performance, serum biochemical parameters and carcass traits of broiler chicken. Indian j. Ani.Nutr.26(2):186-190.
  17. Ragga, N.M., Korany, R.M.S. and Mohamed, F.F. (2016). Effect of Thyme and/or Formic acid dietary supplementation on broiler performance and immunity. Agri. and Agri. Sci.10: 270-279.
  18. Ragione, R.M.L. and Woodward., M.J.(2003). Competitive exclusion by Bacillus subtilis spores of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens in young chickens. Vet. Microbiol. 94: 245–256.
  19. Salma, U., Miha, A.G., Make, T., Nishimura, M. and Tsujii, H. (2007).Effect of dietary Rhodobacter Capsulatus on cholesterol concentration and fatty acid composition in broiler meat. Poult. Sci. 86: 1920-1926.
  20. Salahi, A.(2015).Effect of in ovoadministration of butyric acid into broiler breeder eggs on chicken small intestine pH and morphology. Slovak J. Anim. Sci., 48(1):8–15.
  21. Sarono, S. (2003). In vitro probotic preparation of indigenous dadih lactic acid bacteria. Asian- Australian J. Ani. Sci. 16: 726-731.
  22. Seifi, S., Sayrafi,R., Khoshbakht, R. and Gilani, A. (2015). Effects of dietary acetic acid on intestinal microbiota, serum components, internal organs and performance of broilers. Global J.Ani. Sci. Res. 3(2): 536-543.
  23. Singh, K.S and Panda, B. (1998). Poultry Nutrition. (1st ed). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India. 282-293.
  24. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1994). Statistical Methods, 6th edn. The lowa State University Press, Ames, lowa. 
  25. Sultan, A., Ullah, T., Khan, S. and Khan, R.U. (2015). Effect of organic acid supplementation on the performance and ileal microflora of broiler during finishing period. Pak. J. Zool., vol. 47(3): 635-639.
  26. Tappenden, K.A. and McBurney, M.I. (1998). Systemic short-chain fatty acids rapidly alter gastrointestinal structure, function, and expression of early response genes. Dig. Dis. Sci. 43: 1526–1536.
  27. Thirumeignanam, D., Swain, R.K., Mohanty, S.P. and Pati, P. K. (2006). Effects of dietary supplementation of organic acids on performance of broiler chicken. Indian. J. Ani. Nutr. 23(1): 34-40.
  28. USDA (2016). Poultry and poultry products annual. Global Agricultural Information Network. GAIN: IN6151., New Delhi. 
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 12 (december 2018) : 1727-1731,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3448

    Effect of dietary supplementation of salts of organic acids on gut morphology and meat quality of broilers

    V
    Vinus
    M
    M.A. Akbar
    B
    B.S. Tewatia
    S
    Sushil Kumar
    1Department of Animal Nutrition, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar-125004, Haryana India
    Cite article:- Vinus, Akbar M.A., Tewatia B.S., Kumar Sushil (2017). Effect of dietary supplementation of salts of organic acids on gut morphology and meat quality of broilers. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(12): 1727-1731. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3448.

    ABSTRACT

    The present investigation was conducted to appraise the effect of different levels of salts of organic acids on the gut morphology and meat quality of broilers. A total 300 day-old commercial chicks were randomly divided into 5 treatments. Each treatment consists of 6 replicates having 10 birds per replicate. The control diet was formulated to contain approximately the same metabolizable energy (ME), crude protein and limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine) as per the requirements of birds. The first group (T1) was fed on control diet without any feed additives, while, groups (T2, T3, T4 and T5) were fed on basal diets containing sodium butyrate and calcium propionate @ 0.5% and 1.0% respectively.  Six birds from each treatment (1 per replication) were randomly selected for slaughter and collection of samples and microbial study at day 42. Performance of birds in terms of body weight and feed conversion ratio was significantly improved in treated groups. Results showed that in gut morphology, pH was reduced significantly (P<0.05) in T3 and T5 (6.24 and 6.22, respectively) as compared to the control group (6.64) while significant improvement was observed in villus height and crypt depth in all treatment groups and were highest in T3 (539.50µm,135.67 µm). Lowest Coliform bacteria (log CFU/g.)was recorded in T3 (16.57) which was significantly differ with the T1 (19.17) and Lactobacilli count was significantly increased in all treatments as compared to control.Supplementation of organic acids reduced meat cholesterol level significantly and lowest was in T5(48.03mg/dL) followed by T3 (48.30mg/dL). Similarly SFA decreased while PUFA content was increased significantly on supplementation of salts as compared to control.  

    REFERENCES

    1. Adeniji, A.O., Ologhobo, A.D., Adebiyi, O.A. and Adejumo, I.O. (2015). Effect of methionine and organic acid on apparent nutrient utilization and gut morphology of broiler chicken. Adv. in Res. 4(2): 87-91.
    2. Adil, S.H., Tufail, B., Gulam, A.B., Qureshi, S.D. and Wani, S.A. (2011). Effect of supplemental organic acids on growth performance and gut microbial population of broiler chicken. Livestock Res. Rural Develop. 23 (6).
    3. Al-Natour, M.Q. and Alshawabkeh, K.M. (2005). Using varying levels of formic acid to limit growth of Salmonella gallinarum in contaminated broiler feed. Asian-Aust. J. Ani. Sci. 18: 390-395.
    4. Alzawqari, M.H., Kermanshahi, H., Nassiri., M. H., Tawassoli, M.H. and Gilani, A. (2013). Impact of feed withdrawal and addition of acetic acid in drinking water during preslaughter phase on intestinal microbiota of broilers. Afr. J. Biotech. 12: 1164-1167.
    5. Banday, M.T., Adil, S., Khan, A.A. and Untoo,M. (2015). A Study on Efficacy of Fumaric Acid Supplementation in Diet of Broiler Chicken. International Journal of Poultry Science. 14 (11): 589-594.
    6. BIS. (2007) Nutrient Requirements for Poultry. Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi, India. IS:1374.
    7. Chand, N., Naz, S., Shah, Z., Khan, S., Shah, A.S. And Khan, R.U. (2014). Growth performance and immune status of broilers fed graded levels of Albizia lebbeck seeds. Pakistan J. Zool. 46: 574-577.
    8. Choct, N. (2002). Effect of organic acids, prebiotics and enzyme on control of necrotic enteritis and performance of broiler chicken. School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England. Available:http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/bm s/avpa/    avpaconfapr/abstracts/choct.
    9. Denli,M., Okan,F. and Celik,K. (2003). Effect of dietary probiotic, organic acid and antibiotic supplementation to diets on broiler performance and carcass yield. Pak. J. Nutri. 2: 89–91.
    10. Hassan, R.I.M., Gamal M.M.M. and Abd-Ellah, A.E.M. (2016). Effect of feeding citric acid on performance of broiler ducks fed different protein levels. J. Adv. Vet. Res. 6: 18-26.
    11. Khan, R.U., Naz, S. And Dhama, K. (2014). Chromium: pharmacological applications in heat stressed poultry. Int. J. Pharmacol. 10: 213-317.
    12. Kramer, C.Y. (1956). Extension of multiple range test to group means with unequal number of replicates. Biometrics. 12: 307-310.
    13. Laxman., B. V. (2013) Comparative efficacy of organic acids and antibiotics as growth promoter in broiler chicks. M.V.Sc Thesis, Dept. of Animal Nutrition, LUVAS, Hisar. 
    14. Mohammadagheri.N., Najafi.R. and Najafi, G. (2016). Effects of dietary supplementation of organic acids and phytase on performance and intestinal histomorphology of broilers. Veterinary Research Forum. 7 (3): 189 – 195.
    15. Nourmohammadi, R. and H. Khosravinia, H. (2015). Acidic stress caused by dietary administration of citric acid in broiler chickens. Arch. Anim. Breed. 58: 309–315.
    16. Panda A.K., Raju M.V.LN., Rao S.V.R., Sunder G.S. and Reddy, M.R. (2009). Effect of dietary addition of organic acid on performance, serum biochemical parameters and carcass traits of broiler chicken. Indian j. Ani.Nutr.26(2):186-190.
    17. Ragga, N.M., Korany, R.M.S. and Mohamed, F.F. (2016). Effect of Thyme and/or Formic acid dietary supplementation on broiler performance and immunity. Agri. and Agri. Sci.10: 270-279.
    18. Ragione, R.M.L. and Woodward., M.J.(2003). Competitive exclusion by Bacillus subtilis spores of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens in young chickens. Vet. Microbiol. 94: 245–256.
    19. Salma, U., Miha, A.G., Make, T., Nishimura, M. and Tsujii, H. (2007).Effect of dietary Rhodobacter Capsulatus on cholesterol concentration and fatty acid composition in broiler meat. Poult. Sci. 86: 1920-1926.
    20. Salahi, A.(2015).Effect of in ovoadministration of butyric acid into broiler breeder eggs on chicken small intestine pH and morphology. Slovak J. Anim. Sci., 48(1):8–15.
    21. Sarono, S. (2003). In vitro probotic preparation of indigenous dadih lactic acid bacteria. Asian- Australian J. Ani. Sci. 16: 726-731.
    22. Seifi, S., Sayrafi,R., Khoshbakht, R. and Gilani, A. (2015). Effects of dietary acetic acid on intestinal microbiota, serum components, internal organs and performance of broilers. Global J.Ani. Sci. Res. 3(2): 536-543.
    23. Singh, K.S and Panda, B. (1998). Poultry Nutrition. (1st ed). Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India. 282-293.
    24. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1994). Statistical Methods, 6th edn. The lowa State University Press, Ames, lowa. 
    25. Sultan, A., Ullah, T., Khan, S. and Khan, R.U. (2015). Effect of organic acid supplementation on the performance and ileal microflora of broiler during finishing period. Pak. J. Zool., vol. 47(3): 635-639.
    26. Tappenden, K.A. and McBurney, M.I. (1998). Systemic short-chain fatty acids rapidly alter gastrointestinal structure, function, and expression of early response genes. Dig. Dis. Sci. 43: 1526–1536.
    27. Thirumeignanam, D., Swain, R.K., Mohanty, S.P. and Pati, P. K. (2006). Effects of dietary supplementation of organic acids on performance of broiler chicken. Indian. J. Ani. Nutr. 23(1): 34-40.
    28. USDA (2016). Poultry and poultry products annual. Global Agricultural Information Network. GAIN: IN6151., New Delhi. 
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