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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 52 issue 12 (december 2018) : 1757-1761,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3447

Management of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures with string of pearls locking plate in dogs

K
K. Manoj Kumar
V
V. Devi Prasad
N
N. Dhana Lakshmi
N
N.K.B. Raju
1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Sri Vekateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Cite article:- Kumar Manoj K., Prasad Devi V., Lakshmi Dhana N., Raju N.K.B. (2018). Management of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures with string of pearls locking plate in dogs. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(12): 1757-1761. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3447.

ABSTRACT

Distal femoral diaphyseal fractures in six dogs about 10-22 months old with body weight ranging from 12-25 kg were stabilized with String of Pearls (SOP) (Orthomed, UK) locking plates along with standard cortical and cancellous screws following standard AO/ASIF principles. Selection of appropriate size of plate and screws was according to body weight and type of fracture (2.7mm plate for dogs below 12 kg body weight and 3.5 mm plate for dogs above 12 kg body weight) which provided good fracture stability. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with lameness grading and radiography. Postoperatively, all the animals showed weight bearing with early functional limb usage of grade I lameness and good joint mobility in an average of 7 weeks.  Functional outcome was excellent in good in four cases and excellent in two cases. The average overall healing time in all the cases was 7-11 weeks. The fractures showed radiographically excellent postoperative healing of cortical union, absence of fracture lines with limited and also bridging callus. Based on present study, it was concluded that, String of Pearls (SOP) locking plates were good for stabilization of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures for early limb ambulance and healing. 

REFERENCES

  1. Aithal, H.P., Singh, G.R. and Bisht, G.S. (1999) Fractures in dogs: A survey of 402 cases. Indian Journal of Veterinary Surgery 20: 15.
  2. Cabassu, J. B., Kowaleski, M. P., Shorinko, J.K., Blake, C.A. and Gaudette, G.R. (2011) Single cycle to failure in torsion of three standard and five locking plate construct. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 24 (6): 418- 425.
  3. DeTora, M. and Kraus, K. (2008) Mechanical testing of 3.5 mm locking and non-locking bone plates. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 21(4): 318–322.
  4. Fitzpatrick, N., Nikolaou, C., Yeadon, R. and Hamilton, M. (2012) String -Of - Pearls Locking Plate and cerclage wire stabilization of periprosthetic femoral fractures after Total Hip Replacement in Six Dogs. Veterinary Surgery 41: 180-188.
  5. Harasen, G. (2002) Fractures involving the distal extremity of the femur: part 2-The mature patient. Canadian Veterinary Journal 43: 131-132.
  6. Harasen, G. (2003) Common long bone fractures in small animal practice – part 2. Canadian Veterinary Journal 44: 503-504.
  7. Hespel, A. M., Bernard, F., Davies, N. J., Huuskonen, V., Skelly, C. and David, F. (2013) Surgical repair of a tibial fracture in a two-    week-old grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 26(1): 82-87. 
  8. Kim, S.E. and Lewis, D.D. (2014) Corrective osteotomy for procurvatum deformity caused by distal physeal fracture malunion stabilized with String-of-Pearls locking plates: results in two dogs and a review of literature. Australian Veterinary Journal 92(3): 75-80.
  9. Kraus, K. H. and Ness, M.G. (2007) SOP Interlocking Plate System. Standard Operating Procedure [Company Product Information]. Version 1.4. Orthomed (UK) ltd.; 1-20.
  10. Lidbetter, D.A. and Glyde, M.R. (2000) Supracondylar femoral fractures in adult animals. Compendium on Contiinuing Education for the Practising Veterinaria 22 (11): 1041-1055.
  11. Mc Kee, W. M. and Downes, C.J. (2008) Vertebral stabilization and selective decompression for the management of triple thoracolumbar disc protrusions. Journal of Small Animal Practice 49(10): 536-539.
  12. Mills, J. (2009) Transilial interlocking plate stabilization of a sacral fracture and an ilial fracture in a dog. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22(1): 70-73.
  13. Ness, M.G. (2009) The effect of bending and twisting on the stiffness and strength of 3.5mm SOP implant. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22(2): 132-135.
  14. Ness, M.G. (2009a) Repair of Y-T humeral fractures in the dogs using paired ‘strings of pearls’ locking plates. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22: 492- 497.
  15. Ness, M.G. (2010) Locking pates: SOP. In: Proceedings of the 3rd World Veterinary Orthopaedic Congress, ESVOT-VOS, 15th ESVOT Congress, Balgona, Italy: 149 
  16. Piermattei, D. L. and Greeley, R. G. (1993) The Hind Limb in an Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat, 3rd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 264.
  17. Scrimgeour, A.B. and Worth, A.J. (2011) The use of the string of pearls locking plate system in the stabilisation of a comminuted calcaneal fracture in a giant breed dog. Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine : 1-4.
  18. Vasseur, P. B., Johnson, A.L., Buder berg, S. C., Linwln, J. B., Toombs, J. P., Whitebain, J. G. and Lentz, E. L. (1995) Randomized, controlled trails of the efficiency of carprofin, a non steroidal anti- inflammatory drug in treatment of osteoarthritis in dog. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 206: 807-811.
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 12 (december 2018) : 1757-1761,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3447

    Management of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures with string of pearls locking plate in dogs

    K
    K. Manoj Kumar
    V
    V. Devi Prasad
    N
    N. Dhana Lakshmi
    N
    N.K.B. Raju
    1Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Sri Vekateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
    Cite article:- Kumar Manoj K., Prasad Devi V., Lakshmi Dhana N., Raju N.K.B. (2018). Management of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures with string of pearls locking plate in dogs. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(12): 1757-1761. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3447.

    ABSTRACT

    Distal femoral diaphyseal fractures in six dogs about 10-22 months old with body weight ranging from 12-25 kg were stabilized with String of Pearls (SOP) (Orthomed, UK) locking plates along with standard cortical and cancellous screws following standard AO/ASIF principles. Selection of appropriate size of plate and screws was according to body weight and type of fracture (2.7mm plate for dogs below 12 kg body weight and 3.5 mm plate for dogs above 12 kg body weight) which provided good fracture stability. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with lameness grading and radiography. Postoperatively, all the animals showed weight bearing with early functional limb usage of grade I lameness and good joint mobility in an average of 7 weeks.  Functional outcome was excellent in good in four cases and excellent in two cases. The average overall healing time in all the cases was 7-11 weeks. The fractures showed radiographically excellent postoperative healing of cortical union, absence of fracture lines with limited and also bridging callus. Based on present study, it was concluded that, String of Pearls (SOP) locking plates were good for stabilization of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures for early limb ambulance and healing. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Aithal, H.P., Singh, G.R. and Bisht, G.S. (1999) Fractures in dogs: A survey of 402 cases. Indian Journal of Veterinary Surgery 20: 15.
    2. Cabassu, J. B., Kowaleski, M. P., Shorinko, J.K., Blake, C.A. and Gaudette, G.R. (2011) Single cycle to failure in torsion of three standard and five locking plate construct. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 24 (6): 418- 425.
    3. DeTora, M. and Kraus, K. (2008) Mechanical testing of 3.5 mm locking and non-locking bone plates. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 21(4): 318–322.
    4. Fitzpatrick, N., Nikolaou, C., Yeadon, R. and Hamilton, M. (2012) String -Of - Pearls Locking Plate and cerclage wire stabilization of periprosthetic femoral fractures after Total Hip Replacement in Six Dogs. Veterinary Surgery 41: 180-188.
    5. Harasen, G. (2002) Fractures involving the distal extremity of the femur: part 2-The mature patient. Canadian Veterinary Journal 43: 131-132.
    6. Harasen, G. (2003) Common long bone fractures in small animal practice – part 2. Canadian Veterinary Journal 44: 503-504.
    7. Hespel, A. M., Bernard, F., Davies, N. J., Huuskonen, V., Skelly, C. and David, F. (2013) Surgical repair of a tibial fracture in a two-    week-old grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 26(1): 82-87. 
    8. Kim, S.E. and Lewis, D.D. (2014) Corrective osteotomy for procurvatum deformity caused by distal physeal fracture malunion stabilized with String-of-Pearls locking plates: results in two dogs and a review of literature. Australian Veterinary Journal 92(3): 75-80.
    9. Kraus, K. H. and Ness, M.G. (2007) SOP Interlocking Plate System. Standard Operating Procedure [Company Product Information]. Version 1.4. Orthomed (UK) ltd.; 1-20.
    10. Lidbetter, D.A. and Glyde, M.R. (2000) Supracondylar femoral fractures in adult animals. Compendium on Contiinuing Education for the Practising Veterinaria 22 (11): 1041-1055.
    11. Mc Kee, W. M. and Downes, C.J. (2008) Vertebral stabilization and selective decompression for the management of triple thoracolumbar disc protrusions. Journal of Small Animal Practice 49(10): 536-539.
    12. Mills, J. (2009) Transilial interlocking plate stabilization of a sacral fracture and an ilial fracture in a dog. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22(1): 70-73.
    13. Ness, M.G. (2009) The effect of bending and twisting on the stiffness and strength of 3.5mm SOP implant. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22(2): 132-135.
    14. Ness, M.G. (2009a) Repair of Y-T humeral fractures in the dogs using paired ‘strings of pearls’ locking plates. Veterinary and Comparitive Orthopaedics and Traumatology 22: 492- 497.
    15. Ness, M.G. (2010) Locking pates: SOP. In: Proceedings of the 3rd World Veterinary Orthopaedic Congress, ESVOT-VOS, 15th ESVOT Congress, Balgona, Italy: 149 
    16. Piermattei, D. L. and Greeley, R. G. (1993) The Hind Limb in an Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat, 3rd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 264.
    17. Scrimgeour, A.B. and Worth, A.J. (2011) The use of the string of pearls locking plate system in the stabilisation of a comminuted calcaneal fracture in a giant breed dog. Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine : 1-4.
    18. Vasseur, P. B., Johnson, A.L., Buder berg, S. C., Linwln, J. B., Toombs, J. P., Whitebain, J. G. and Lentz, E. L. (1995) Randomized, controlled trails of the efficiency of carprofin, a non steroidal anti- inflammatory drug in treatment of osteoarthritis in dog. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 206: 807-811.
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