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Research Article

volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1566-1571,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3444

Polymorphism of Keratin - Associated Protein (KAP) 6.1 gene and its association with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep

R
R. Bharathesree
N
N. Murali
R
R. Saravanan
R
R. Anilkumar
1Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal-637 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
Cite article:- Bharathesree R., Murali N., Saravanan R., Anilkumar R. (2019). Polymorphism of Keratin - Associated Protein (KAP) 6.1 gene and its association with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1566-1571. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3444.

ABSTRACT

Polymorphic variants of keratin-associated protein (KAP) 6.1 gene with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep were investigated in this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 125 Sandyno, Nilagiri and Dorset x Nilagiri breeds of sheep along with 76 numbers of wool samples. A 528 bp segment was amplified by PCR using ovine specific primers for KAP 6.1 gene. SSCP analysis of KAP 6.1 gene in Dorset x Nilagiri crossbred sheep resulted in two genotypes for the A/B with no polymorphism. KAP 6.1 gene locus revealed allele frequencies of  A, B, C, D and E in Sandyno sheep were 0.67, 0.23, 0.04, 0.01 and 0.04 and in Nilagiri were 0.75, 0.06, 0.11, 0.04 and 0.04 respectively. KAP 6.1 gene revealed departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. KAP 6.1 genes were found to have high degree of homozygosity (0.6667) in Nilagiri sheep. The effective number of alleles (Ne) for KAP 6.1 gene was 1.1690 and 1.7006 respectively in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep. The PIC values for KAP 6.1 gene was 0.1341 and 0.3909 in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep respectively. FIS values for KAP 6.1 gene was positive (0.1909) in Nilagiri breed and it was negative (– 0.0110) in Sandyno breed. Least squares analysis of variance showed significant (P<0.05) effect between genotypes and between sexes for wool traits like GFW (kg), CWY (%) and FD (µ). Significant (P<0.05) effect of breed (Sandyno and Nilagiri) was observed for all the wool traits (GFW, CWY, FD, SL and Medullation %). Significant (p<0.05) higher CWY production was recorded for AC genotype (62.00 ± 1.73 %) while low value was recorded for BB genotype (56.25 ± 1.74 %). FD was found to be high in genotype AC (24.29 ± 1.17 µ) than in AA genotype (23.24 ± 0.49 µ). The homozygote AA was found to have more Medullation (%) and SL. Genotypes BB had higher GFW and lower CWY. The heterozygous genotype AC yielded more FD and CWY with lower most Medullation (%) and SL values. From the study, it may be concluded that KAP 6.1 gene might be a potential molecular marker for genetic selection of wool traits in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep .

REFERENCES

  1. Barba, C., Mendez, S., Martí, M., Parra, J.L. and Coderch, L. (2009). Water content of hair and nails. Thermochim Acta. 494: 136–40.
  2. Bassam, B.J., Caetano-Anolles, G. and Gresshoff, P.M. (1991). Fast and sensitive silver staining of DNA in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 196: 80-83.
  3. Feng, J., Song, T.Z., Yang, H., Yang, J., Han, M., Yang, Y., Shi, G., Xu, C. and Huang, X. (2012). Genetic polymorphism of KAP 6.1 gene in sheep. Southwest China Journal of AgriculturalSciences.http://en.cnki.com.cn/Articleen/ CJFDTotalXNYX201201059.htm. 
  4. Feughelman, M. (1996). Mechanical properties and structure of alpha-keratin fibres: wool, human hair and related fibres. UNSW Press Sydney, Australia.
  5. Ganesakale, D. and Rathnasabapathy, V. (1973). Sheep breeds of Tamil Nadu. Cheiron 2: 146–155.
  6. Gong, H., Zhou, H., Yu., Dyer, J., Plowman, J.E. and Hickford, J.G.H. (2011). Identification of the ovine keratin-associated protein KAP1-2 gene (KRTAP1-2). Exp. Dermatol. 20: 815–819. 
  7. Itenge-Mweza, T.O. (2012). Identification of Polymorphism in the Keratin Genes (KAP3.2, KAP6.1, KAP7, KAP8) and Microsatellite BfMS in Merino Sheep Using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. http://dx.doi.org/10. 5772/45732.
  8. Liu, Y.X., Shi, G.Q., Wang, H.X., Wan, P.C., Tang, H., Yang, H. and Guan, F. (2014). Polymorphisms of KAP6, KAP7 and KAP8 genes in four Chinese sheep breeds. Genet Mol Res. 13 (2): 3438-3445.
  9. McLaren, R.J., Geraldine, R., Rogers., Kizanne, P., Davies., Jill, F., Maddox. and Grant W, Montgomery. (1997). Linkage mapping of wool keratin and keratin-associated protein genes in sheep. Mamm Genome. 8: 938-940.
  10. Montgomery, G.W. and Sise, J.A. (1990). Extraction of DNA from sheep white blood cells. New Zeal J Agr Res. 33(3): 437-441.
  11. Parsons, Y.M., Cooper, D.W. and Piper, L.R. (1994). Evidence of linkage between high-glycine-tyrosine keratin gene loci and wool fibre diameter in a Merino half-sib family. Anim Genet. 25: 105-108
  12. Parsons, Y.M., Cooper, D.W., Piper, L.R. and Powell, B.C. (1993). A BamHI polymorphism in ovine glycine/ tyrosine-rich type II (KRTAP6) keratin sequences. Anim Genet. 24: 218. 
  13. Plowman, J.E. (2003). Proteomic database of wool components. J. Chromatogr. B. 787: 63–76.
  14. Powell B C. 1996. The keratin proteins and genes of wool and hair. Wool Tech Sheep Bree. 44: 100–118.
  15. Pramod, S., Kumarasamy, P., Rosalyn Mary Chandra, A., Sridevi, P. and Rahumathulla, P.S. (2009). Molecular characterization of Vembur sheep (Ovis aries) of South India based on microsatellites.Indian.J.Sci.Technol. 2: 55-58.
  16. Rogers, M.A., Langbein, L., Praetzel, W.S., Winter, H. and Schweizer, J. (2006). Human hair keratin associated proteins (KAPs). Int. Rev. Cytol. 251: 209–263.
  17. Schweizer, J., Bowden, P.E., Coulombe, P.A., Langbein, L., Lane, E.B., Magin, T.M., Maltais, L., Omary, M.B., Parry, D.A., Rogers, M.A. and Wright, M.W. (2006). New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins. J. Cell Biol. 174: 169–174.
  18. Yang, H., Yang, Y., Xu, C. and Feng, J. (2012). Expression of KAP 6.1 gene and its correlation with wool traits in sheep.Animal Husbandry and Feed Science. 4(03): 102­105.
  19. Yeh, F.C., Yang, R.C., Boyle, B.J.T., Ye, Z.H. and Mao, X.J. (1999). POPGENE 32 version 1.32, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada. (http://  www.ualberta.ca/~fyeh/ fyeh).
  20. Zhou, H., Gong, H., Li, S., Luo, Y. and Hickford, J.G.H. (2015). A 57-bp deletion in the ovine KAP 6-1 gene affects wool fibre diameter. J Anim Breed Genet. 132: 301-307. 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 12 (december 2019) : 1566-1571,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3444

    Polymorphism of Keratin - Associated Protein (KAP) 6.1 gene and its association with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep

    R
    R. Bharathesree
    N
    N. Murali
    R
    R. Saravanan
    R
    R. Anilkumar
    1Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding,&nbsp;Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal-637 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
    Cite article:- Bharathesree R., Murali N., Saravanan R., Anilkumar R. (2019). Polymorphism of Keratin - Associated Protein (KAP) 6.1 gene and its association with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(12): 1566-1571. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3444.

    ABSTRACT

    Polymorphic variants of keratin-associated protein (KAP) 6.1 gene with wool traits of Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep were investigated in this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples of 125 Sandyno, Nilagiri and Dorset x Nilagiri breeds of sheep along with 76 numbers of wool samples. A 528 bp segment was amplified by PCR using ovine specific primers for KAP 6.1 gene. SSCP analysis of KAP 6.1 gene in Dorset x Nilagiri crossbred sheep resulted in two genotypes for the A/B with no polymorphism. KAP 6.1 gene locus revealed allele frequencies of  A, B, C, D and E in Sandyno sheep were 0.67, 0.23, 0.04, 0.01 and 0.04 and in Nilagiri were 0.75, 0.06, 0.11, 0.04 and 0.04 respectively. KAP 6.1 gene revealed departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. KAP 6.1 genes were found to have high degree of homozygosity (0.6667) in Nilagiri sheep. The effective number of alleles (Ne) for KAP 6.1 gene was 1.1690 and 1.7006 respectively in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep. The PIC values for KAP 6.1 gene was 0.1341 and 0.3909 in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep respectively. FIS values for KAP 6.1 gene was positive (0.1909) in Nilagiri breed and it was negative (– 0.0110) in Sandyno breed. Least squares analysis of variance showed significant (P<0.05) effect between genotypes and between sexes for wool traits like GFW (kg), CWY (%) and FD (µ). Significant (P<0.05) effect of breed (Sandyno and Nilagiri) was observed for all the wool traits (GFW, CWY, FD, SL and Medullation %). Significant (p<0.05) higher CWY production was recorded for AC genotype (62.00 ± 1.73 %) while low value was recorded for BB genotype (56.25 ± 1.74 %). FD was found to be high in genotype AC (24.29 ± 1.17 µ) than in AA genotype (23.24 ± 0.49 µ). The homozygote AA was found to have more Medullation (%) and SL. Genotypes BB had higher GFW and lower CWY. The heterozygous genotype AC yielded more FD and CWY with lower most Medullation (%) and SL values. From the study, it may be concluded that KAP 6.1 gene might be a potential molecular marker for genetic selection of wool traits in Sandyno and Nilagiri breeds of sheep .

    REFERENCES

    1. Barba, C., Mendez, S., Martí, M., Parra, J.L. and Coderch, L. (2009). Water content of hair and nails. Thermochim Acta. 494: 136–40.
    2. Bassam, B.J., Caetano-Anolles, G. and Gresshoff, P.M. (1991). Fast and sensitive silver staining of DNA in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 196: 80-83.
    3. Feng, J., Song, T.Z., Yang, H., Yang, J., Han, M., Yang, Y., Shi, G., Xu, C. and Huang, X. (2012). Genetic polymorphism of KAP 6.1 gene in sheep. Southwest China Journal of AgriculturalSciences.http://en.cnki.com.cn/Articleen/ CJFDTotalXNYX201201059.htm. 
    4. Feughelman, M. (1996). Mechanical properties and structure of alpha-keratin fibres: wool, human hair and related fibres. UNSW Press Sydney, Australia.
    5. Ganesakale, D. and Rathnasabapathy, V. (1973). Sheep breeds of Tamil Nadu. Cheiron 2: 146–155.
    6. Gong, H., Zhou, H., Yu., Dyer, J., Plowman, J.E. and Hickford, J.G.H. (2011). Identification of the ovine keratin-associated protein KAP1-2 gene (KRTAP1-2). Exp. Dermatol. 20: 815–819. 
    7. Itenge-Mweza, T.O. (2012). Identification of Polymorphism in the Keratin Genes (KAP3.2, KAP6.1, KAP7, KAP8) and Microsatellite BfMS in Merino Sheep Using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. http://dx.doi.org/10. 5772/45732.
    8. Liu, Y.X., Shi, G.Q., Wang, H.X., Wan, P.C., Tang, H., Yang, H. and Guan, F. (2014). Polymorphisms of KAP6, KAP7 and KAP8 genes in four Chinese sheep breeds. Genet Mol Res. 13 (2): 3438-3445.
    9. McLaren, R.J., Geraldine, R., Rogers., Kizanne, P., Davies., Jill, F., Maddox. and Grant W, Montgomery. (1997). Linkage mapping of wool keratin and keratin-associated protein genes in sheep. Mamm Genome. 8: 938-940.
    10. Montgomery, G.W. and Sise, J.A. (1990). Extraction of DNA from sheep white blood cells. New Zeal J Agr Res. 33(3): 437-441.
    11. Parsons, Y.M., Cooper, D.W. and Piper, L.R. (1994). Evidence of linkage between high-glycine-tyrosine keratin gene loci and wool fibre diameter in a Merino half-sib family. Anim Genet. 25: 105-108
    12. Parsons, Y.M., Cooper, D.W., Piper, L.R. and Powell, B.C. (1993). A BamHI polymorphism in ovine glycine/ tyrosine-rich type II (KRTAP6) keratin sequences. Anim Genet. 24: 218. 
    13. Plowman, J.E. (2003). Proteomic database of wool components. J. Chromatogr. B. 787: 63–76.
    14. Powell B C. 1996. The keratin proteins and genes of wool and hair. Wool Tech Sheep Bree. 44: 100–118.
    15. Pramod, S., Kumarasamy, P., Rosalyn Mary Chandra, A., Sridevi, P. and Rahumathulla, P.S. (2009). Molecular characterization of Vembur sheep (Ovis aries) of South India based on microsatellites.Indian.J.Sci.Technol. 2: 55-58.
    16. Rogers, M.A., Langbein, L., Praetzel, W.S., Winter, H. and Schweizer, J. (2006). Human hair keratin associated proteins (KAPs). Int. Rev. Cytol. 251: 209–263.
    17. Schweizer, J., Bowden, P.E., Coulombe, P.A., Langbein, L., Lane, E.B., Magin, T.M., Maltais, L., Omary, M.B., Parry, D.A., Rogers, M.A. and Wright, M.W. (2006). New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins. J. Cell Biol. 174: 169–174.
    18. Yang, H., Yang, Y., Xu, C. and Feng, J. (2012). Expression of KAP 6.1 gene and its correlation with wool traits in sheep.Animal Husbandry and Feed Science. 4(03): 102­105.
    19. Yeh, F.C., Yang, R.C., Boyle, B.J.T., Ye, Z.H. and Mao, X.J. (1999). POPGENE 32 version 1.32, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada. (http://  www.ualberta.ca/~fyeh/ fyeh).
    20. Zhou, H., Gong, H., Li, S., Luo, Y. and Hickford, J.G.H. (2015). A 57-bp deletion in the ovine KAP 6-1 gene affects wool fibre diameter. J Anim Breed Genet. 132: 301-307. 
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